人教高中英语2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit1PeopleofAchievementSectionⅢUsingLanguage学案含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册.doc

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1、Unit 1 People of AchievementSection Using Language.重点单词1found vt.创建；建立；把建立在founder n创建者，创立者foundation n地基；基础； 基本原理；根据2infer vt.推断；推定3politician n从政者；政治家；政客politics n政治political adj.政治的4numerous adj.众多的；许多的5theory n理论；学说6relativity n相对论；相对性7genius n天才；天资8gentle adj.温柔的；文静的gently adv.温柔地；文静地9patent n专

2、利；专利证书；获得专利adj.有专利的；受专利保护的10passion n酷爱；激情11doctorate n博士学位12extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的13gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的14photoelectric adj.光电的15institution n社会公共机构；制度；习俗 institute n(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑16consequence n结果；后果consequent adj.作为结果的consequently adv.所以；因此17moustache n上唇的胡子；髭18pecu

3、liarity n个性；特点；怪异的性质19encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到n邂逅；遭遇20professor n教授profession n职业21mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；忧伤22remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的remark vt.评论23device n方法；技巧；装置；仪器24sum vi.总结；概括n金额；款项；总数；总和25draft n草稿；草案vt.起草；草拟26Switzerland n瑞士(国家名)Swiss adj.瑞士的Swiss n瑞士人Swiss n(pl.)瑞士人27Jewish adj.犹太人的；犹太教的.重点短语1on the ti

4、p of ones tongue话在嘴边，差一点儿就说出口2get it懂了，明白了3serve as充当，担任4make great contributions to对做出巨大贡献5manage to_do设法做成6patent office专利局 7come to power(开始)掌权；上台8as a consequence因此，作为结果9take up a position担任；任职10as though/if好像11knock on敲门12be mistaken for被误认为 13pass away去世 14sum up总结；概括15apart from除之外16Nobel Pri

5、ze诺贝尔奖17to ones surprise令人吃惊的18put forward提出19in particular尤其，特别.重点句型1Why does Dr Wang say “money_isnt_everything”？为什么王博士说“金钱不是万能的”？2He made numerous contributions to the world, the_most_wellknown_being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula Emc2.他对世界做出了很多贡献，最出名的贡献是相对论理论和著名的公式Emc2。3

6、While_working_there，out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning_a_doctorate_in physics in 1905.在那里工作时，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，1905年获得物理学博士学位。 4Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.爱因斯坦是犹太人，他发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了。5On 18 April 1955, it_was_report

7、ed_that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.1955年4月18日，据报道爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为一位杰出的科学家的逝世而哀悼。 1 典型例句The town was founded by English settlers in 1790.这座城镇是英格兰移民于1790年建的。His theory is founded on facts.他的理论是建立在事实基础之上的。易混辨析found，find动词原形过去式过去分词释义变化规律fou

8、ndfoundedfounded建立规则动词findfoundfound发现不规则动词思维拓展be founded on/upon sth.(be based on)建立在某基础之上；建在某物之上founder n. C 创立者；奠基者foundation n. C，U基础；建立即时训练Their marriage was_founded (found) on love and mutual respect.2 典型例句One theory about the moon is that it is a piece broken off from the earth.有一种关于月球的学说认为它是

9、地球分离出的一部分。This theory should be proved before it is used.在运用这个理论前要对它进行证明。思维拓展in theory (反 in practice) 理论上Your plan is good in theory, but does it work in practice?你的计划在理论上不错，但实施起来行吗？即时训练We should combine theory (理论) with practice.3 典型例句I like her gentle voice.我喜欢她温和的声音。He eats in a gentle way.他吃饭的样

10、子很文雅。易混辨析gentle, softgentle侧重指人或其他方面“体贴的；温和的”，含有安慰、爱抚等意思。soft侧重指人说话声音低或说话怕被人听见，意思是“轻声的”，指物时，表示“柔软的”。Arthur was a very gentle, caring person.亚瑟是一个非常温柔体贴的人。The soft music sounds very pleasing to the ear.那轻柔的音乐听起来十分悦耳。即时训练She smiled gently(gentle) at him.她温柔地朝他微笑。4 典型例句Gradually，the children began to u

11、nderstand it.孩子们渐渐开始明白这件事了。They gradually improved their work.他们逐渐地改善了工作。思维拓展gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的Recovery from the disease is very gradual.这种病的康复过程很缓慢。即时训练Electricity lines to 30,000 homes were gradually(gradual) being restored yesterday.5 典型例句Im quite willing to take the consequences of my actions.我

12、很愿意承担自己行动的后果。He studied hard，and in consequence he passed the exam.他努力学习，因此通过了考试。思维拓展因此，结果(as a result)as a/in consequence ofas a result of由于take the consequences of.承担的后果be of no/great consequence 无关紧要/非常重要consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的consequently adv.结果；因此即时训练He slipped and had his leg broken.As a co

13、nsequence，he will have to be away from school for two or three months.6 典型例句That is indeed a remarkable thing.那真是了不起的事情。思维拓展a remarkable achievement/career/talent非凡的成就/事业/才能remark n谈论；言论；评述vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起make a remark/ remarks on/ about就发表意见；对评头品足make no remark什么也不说；不加评论remark that.评论remark on/upon

14、谈论/评论remarkably adv.非常；极为；格外；出乎意料地He made a number of rude remarks about the food here.关于这里的食物他做了许多无礼的评论。A local newspaper remarked that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law.一家地方报纸评论说由于强有力的法律措施，车祸在减少。即时训练Since then, we have made remarkable(remark) progress.She is a remarkably (

15、remarkable) determined politician.We passed a few remarks(remark) about the weather.考点集训一1The business, founded(found) by Mike, suffered financial setbacks.2After a while, the sickness gradually(gradual) passed and she struggled to the mirror. 3.He is ready to take the consequences(consequence) of h

16、is behaviour.4China has made remarkable(remark)progress in the past 30 years.5He patted me gently(gentle) on the shoulder.1 典型例句The general had served as a soldier in the earlier war.在早期的战争中，这位将军曾当过士兵。The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two.沙发可以当床凑合一两夜。即时训练Let these words of mine serve as a

17、warning to you.2 典型例句Do you believe you can manage to finish the work in an hour?你认为你能在一小时内完成这项工作吗？Though we left home very late, we managed to catch the last bus.尽管我们出门很晚，但我们赶上了末班车。思维拓展manage it 表示“完成；能对付得了；能应付”，常用在交际用语中。Can I help you, Madame?女士，需要帮忙吗？Oh, thanks, but I can manage it myself.噢，谢谢。我自

18、己能行。易混辨析manage to do sth., try to do sth.(1)manage to do sth.表示“成功地做了某事”，重在结果，相当于 succeed in doing sth.。We managed to get there on time.我们设法按时到达了那里。(结果是按时到达了)(2)try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事，设法做某事”，重在动作，但并不一定成功，相当于 attempt to do sth.。We tried to get there on time.我们尽力按时赶到那里。(不知是否成功)即时训练Despite all the trou

19、bles, she managed to_get(get) the chicken into the stove.3 典型例句When he came to power, he broke his promise of reducing tax.他当权后就不再遵守减少税收的诺言了。思维拓展be in power 当权；执政易混辨析come to power, be in powercome to power为非延续性动词短语，不与时间段连用；be in power为延续性动词短语，可与时间段连用。De Gaulle came to power in 1958.戴高乐于1958年开始执政。The

20、 young king had been in power for seven years.那位年轻的国王已经掌权七年了。即时训练When the government had come to power, he had been named minister of culture.4 典型例句When did he take up football?他是什么时候开始踢足球的？The work took up all his time.那工作花费了他所有的时间。思维拓展take back收回；取回take down写下，记下；拆散take in吸收；领会；欺骗take off脱下；起飞take

21、 on雇用；呈现；承担take over接管，接任即时训练After graduating from a university, Li Yan took up her job as a teacher in the countryside.5 典型例句But tolerance can be mistaken for kindness.但容忍会被错认为仁慈。思维拓展mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的be mistaken about对持错误的见解mistake sb./sth.误解/误会某人/某事mistake n错误make a mistake犯错误by mistak

22、e错误地If Im not mistaken, thats the man we saw on the bus.要是我没认错人的话，我们在公共汽车上看见的就是那个男子。He is mistaken about happiness.他对幸福持有错误的见解。This time we find that the bees mistake red for dark gray or black.这次我们发现，蜜蜂错把红色当成深灰色或黑色。I hope you will forgive me for opening your letter by mistake.我误拆了您的信，期望您原谅。即时训练My v

23、oice has got so low now that I was mistaken for a man the other day on the phone.6 典型例句To sum up, there are three main ways of dealing with the problem.概括起来说，这一问题主要有三种解决办法。Can I just sum up what weve agreed so far?我能否就我们目前已经达成的共识作个概括？She quickly summed up the situation and took control.她很快就看出是怎么回事，并

24、控制住了局面。思维拓展sum n金额；总和；全部in sum总而言之summary n总结；概要summarize vt.总结；概括；概述即时训练Let me sum up the last lesson.After that well take up a new lesson.7 典型例句Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外，在西班牙还有一座别墅。I have finished all apart from the last question.除了最后一道题，我都做完了。

25、易混辨析apart from, besides/in addition to, except, except for, except thatapart from相当于besides 和 in addition to。它还可表示“除了以外”，用于所言不包括的人或事物前，相当于except。besides/in addition to 除了以外(还有)。除去的部分包含在整体之内except 除了以外。除去的部分不在整体之内except for 除了以外。从细节方面对整体进行修正，除去的部分与整体一般不是同一类事物except that 除了以外(都)。that 引导从句，有时可省略即时训练Apa

26、rt from that, I also have a passion for theatre and the arts.8 典型例句To my surprise, he came on time.使我惊讶的是，他按时来了。Much to my surprise, they offered me the job.使我非常惊奇的是，他们把那份工作给了我。思维拓展much to ones surprise令某人十分惊讶to ones delight/joy使某人高兴的是to ones disappointment 使某人失望的是to ones astonishment 使某人惊讶的是即时训练To

27、my surprise, this plan succeeded! 9 典型例句Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了黑洞理论？思维拓展put up with忍受，容忍put aside 搁置；不理睬；储蓄put away 把收起来；储蓄put off 推迟，延期put through 使经受；接通(电话)put out 熄灭；出版；生产put back 将放回原处；推迟put together 放在一起put up 举起；张贴；建造；为 提供住宿；推荐；提出即时训练It was I who put forward the theory

28、first.10 典型例句I noticed his eyes in particular，because they were very big.我特别注意到他的眼睛，因为那双眼睛很大。It was a good concert.I enjoyed the last song in particular.这是一场不错的音乐会。我尤其喜欢最后那首歌。思维拓展particular adj.特别的，特殊的；讲究的，挑剔的be particular about/over对挑剔/讲究She is very particular about her clothes.她对衣着特别挑剔。即时训练The who

29、le meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent.考点集训二1In recent years, Chinese leaders have put forward the theory of peaceful development.2The name of the book was right on the tip of my tongue, but I just couldnt remember it.3When Xiao Wu was praised, he was embarrassed, much to our surp

30、rise.4Dont forget to turn off the TV.OK. I got it!5You are completely mistaken about Jane.6Will you please sum up the main ideas of this article? 7I am often mistaken for my sister.8In addition, apart from sending language teachers, the Confucius Institute should also look for creative intellectuals

31、 in other fields with a sense of mission about Chinese culture.9They had come to power ten years earlier.句式分析not everything是一个部分否定句。表示“全体”意义的代词、形容词或副词，如all, both, every, everything, everyone, everywhere, always等与否定词not连用构成部分否定。All answers are not correct.(Not all the answers are correct.)不是所有的答案都正确。

32、Both of them dont smoke.(Not both of them smoke.)不是他们俩都抽烟。Every man is not honest.(Not every man is honest.)并不是每个人都诚实。思维拓展表示完全否定意义的词与肯定形式的谓语动词连用时，表示完全否定。该类词有none, neither, nothing, nobody, no等。Neither of them likes sports.他们俩都不喜欢运动。None of these things are mine.这些东西都不是我的。Nothing is ready.一切都没准备好。即时训

33、练All that glitters(闪光) is not gold.发光的未必都是金子。Not all graduates can find a proper job after graduation.并非所有的大学毕业生都能在毕业后找到一份合适的工作。并非每个人都喜欢骑自行车上班。Not_everyone_is_fond_of_cycling_to_work./Everyone_isnt_fond_of_cycling_to_work.Not everything goes well.(改为全部否定)Nothing_goes_well. He made numerous contribut

34、ions to the world， the most wellknown being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula Emc2.他对世界做出了很多贡献，最出名的贡献是相对论理论和著名的公式Emc2。句式分析the most wellknown being属于“名词现在分词”构成的独立主格结构。独立主格结构相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。思维拓展独立主格结构形式归纳：名词/代词 现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)名词/代词 过去分词(表示被动或已完成)名词/代词 不定式(表示将要发生的动作

35、)名词/代词 形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。More time given, we should have done it much better.若给更多时间，我们会做得更好。The huntsman entered the forest, gun in hand.那位猎人手拿着枪进了树林。(不可以说 a gun in hand 或 gun in his hand)即时训练It is so wet there that the trees are

36、 extremely tall, some measuring(measure) over 90 metres. While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge， he continued to study， earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.在那里工作时，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，1905年获得物理学博士学位。句式分析句中时间状语从句While working there用了省略形式，补充完整为While he was working there。状语从句的省略有两种情况：

37、He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework.他在做功课时睡着了。Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret.年轻时你要努力工作，否则你会后悔的。Fill in a proper preposition where (it is) necessary.在需要的地方填入一个适当的介词。He opened the desk, as if (he was) in search of something important.他打开抽屉，仿佛要找什么重要的东西。巧学妙记状语从句省略口诀：时、条、让、方

38、、地，主语同，谓语be，二者省去不可惜；从句主语是it，省去its也可以。即时训练If asked (ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.There are some health problems that, when not treated(treat) in time can become bigger ones later on.While walking(walk)the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by

39、 a car. Einstein， who was Jewish， found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.爱因斯坦是犹太人，他发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了。句式分析本句是复合句。who was Jewish是非限制性定语从句。 主句中found接复合宾语，宾语是doors，宾语补足语是closed。宾语补足语和宾语之间构成被动关系，故此处使用过去分词。思维拓展“find宾语宾补”结构的具体形式：We found our mother waiting for us to have dinner.我们发现妈妈正在等我们吃晚饭。

40、即时训练I found myself surrounded(surround) by a group of children.She woke up and found herself lying(lie) in hospital. On 18 April 1955， it was reported that Einstein had passed away， and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.1955年4月18日，据报道爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为一位杰出的科学家的逝世而哀悼。句式分析“It

41、is/was said/reported/believed/known/thought.thatclause”句型意为“据说/据报道/大家认为/众所周知/人们认为”，此句型中it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。以上这种句型可以转换成下面的两种句型：据说她能妙手回春。It is said that she is as effective as God，bringing the dying back to life.People say that she is as effective as God，bringing the dying back to life.She is said

42、 to be as effective as God，bringing the dying back to life.即时训练Tom is said to_have_bought(buy) a new flat in the town already.It is said that he has won the match.考点集训三1A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking(smoke) in the kitchen.2It is reported that another manmade satellite has be

43、en sent up in China.3When buying(buy) fish, you should first smell it.4Leaves falling(fall) here and there, I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.5There being(be) no bus, we had to walk home after the party was over.单词拼写1As we all know, China was founded(建立)in 1949.2Much of the meaning must be in

44、ferred(推断)from the context.3They have arrested a number of leading opposition politicians(政治家)4That sounds fine in theory(理论), but have you really thought it through? 5.Ill draft(起草)a letter for you.6The device was protected by patent(专利) .7Shes studying for her doctorate(博士学位)8Hes a genius(天才)at or

45、ganizing people.9The whole nation had mourned(哀悼)the death of their great leader. 10The device(设备)is not designed to transmit to satellites. .单句语法填空1His passion for her made him blind to everything else.2The car is in remarkably(remark)good condition for its age. 3.To their surprise, hundreds replied to the advertisement.4The boat began to drift gently(gentle) acroos the water.5Time permitting(permit), you can pay a visit to some places of interest in Hang