人教高中英语19-20 Unit 4 Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking——Comprehending.doc

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1、1Courage is the light of adversity.勇气是处于逆境时的光芒。2Heroes give courage to mortals, and courage makes them heroes.英雄给予凡人勇气，勇气使凡人成为英雄。3A large number of people can be lost in the world because they lack a little courage.很多人会在尘世间迷茫，只因缺少一点儿勇气。4If you dont even have the courage to face the loss, then you do

2、nt deserve anything.如果，你连面对失去的勇气都没有，那么，你不配得到什么。5If you have the courage to start, you will have the pride of success.如果你具备了开始的勇气，就有了成功的豪情。6A mans courage can bear all the burdens; his patience can bear most of the pain.人的勇气能承担一切重负；人的耐心能忍受大部分痛苦。I Look Up At The Starry SkyI look up at the starry skyWh

3、ich is so deep and vast.The neverending truthMakes me struggle to follow and quest it.I look up at the starry skyWhich is so solemn(庄严的), holy and pure.The severe and aweinspiring justiceMakes me filled with deep love and in awe of it.I look up at the starry skyWhich is so free and serene(平静的)The br

4、oad bosomProvides the place where my soul rests and nestles to.I look up at the starry skyWhich is so marvelous and glorious.The eternal(不朽的) blazeKindles the flame of hope in my heartWhich resounds with spring thunder.The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.First

5、consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag.If you leave your arms out，they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet(芭蕾)dancer. “Im

6、an inside guy，”Mike Hopkins says，who returned from a sixmonth tour on the International Space Station.“I like to be wrapped up.”On the station, the ordinary becomes strange.The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity，its just as easy to pedal

7、 violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long.Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气)has a tendency to form an invisible(隐形的) cloud around

8、your head.You can end up with what astronauts call a carbondioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat. “Your inner ear thinks youre falling.Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straig

9、ht. That can be annoyingthats why some people feel sick.”Within a couple of daystruly terrible days for some astronauts brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.探索发现1The major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space is deciding on a proper

10、 sleep position2The astronauts will suffer from a carbondioxide headache when they exercise in one place for a long time3Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because their brains receive contradictory messages.Section Listening and Speaking &Reading and ThinkingComprehe

11、nding.匹配词义a给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思()1.astronautAn.码头；船坞vt.&vi.(两架航天器)对接；(使)进港()2.procedureBn.宇航员；太空人()3.rocketCn.程序；步骤；手续()4.vehicleDn.玉；翡翠；玉器()5.satelliteEn.太空行走；太空行走的时间()6.mankindFn.航天器；宇宙飞船()7.spacecraftGn.火箭；火箭弹()8.spacewalkHn.人造卫星；卫星()9.jadeIn.交通工具；车辆()10.dockJn.人类答案15BCGIH610JFEDAb给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思()11.be

12、 determined to do sth.A继续做，坚持干()12.find outB在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上()13.focus onC抱着的希望()14.for exampleD查明；找出()15.believe inE下决心做某事()16.carry onF关注，集中做()17.on boardG例如()18.in the hope of doing sth.H相信，信仰()19.so as to I为了；以便答案1115EDFGH1619ABCI.默写单词1mental adj.精神的；思想的2intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的3universe n.宇

13、宙；天地万物4determine vt.查明；确定；决定5launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市6transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送7disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的8desire n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望9independent adj.独立的；自立的10signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志.语境填空astronaut；procedure；gravity；launch；orbit；giant；leap；mankind；agency；data1He was writing the selection procedure when I

14、paid a visit to him this morning.2Yang Liwei was the first astronaut in China who successfully orbited Earth.3The space craft can fly into the space only when it can escape Earths gravity4Afterwards，Tiangong 2 space lab was launched into space.5Mankind believes in the importance of carrying on space

15、 exploration despite the huge risks.6When travelling，we leapt(leap) over the stream.7Recently，Americas NASA space agency has launched another space craft to research the problem.8The accident should not happen according to my data9The big stones over there looked like giant monsters at night.10They

16、changed their orbit while flying in space.语法填空之派生词1It must be the first duty of us to perform physical and mental(mentally) work.2She solved the problem in an intelligent(intelligence) way.3If you do，youll have the force of the universe(universal) behind you.4He has been determined(determine) to lea

17、rn English well.5To his great disappointment(disappoint)，he failed again in the driving test.6As a teacher，I want my students to be independent (independently) learners.7I have to find a way to transmit(transmit) the objects.8Whether you are married or single，we all want to feel desired(desire)9It i

18、s universally(universe) acknowledged that the earth goes around the sun.10He leapt/leaped(leap) on me without a word.1Over eight years later，on 20 July 1969，American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon，.八年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员，尼尔阿姆斯特朗登上月球2.famously saying“Thats one small step for a man，

19、one giant leap for mankind”一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步”。3Following this，many more goals were achieved.随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。词语助读frontier n边境；国界；边远地区vehicle n交通工具；车辆universe n宇宙；天地万物determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的rocket n火箭；火箭弹gravity n重力；引力satellite n人造卫星；卫星launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市orbit n(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围v

20、t.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕运行giant adj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人leap n跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt/leaped，leaped)vi.&vt.跳过；跃过mankind n人类agency n(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送data n资料；数据astronaut n宇航员；太空人disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的desire n渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望carry on继续做；坚持干ongoing adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上indep

21、endently adv.独立地；自立地spacecraft n航天器；宇宙飞船spacewalk n太空行走；太空行走的时间jade n玉；翡翠；玉器dock vi.&vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使)进港n.码头；船坞signal vt.&vi. 标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志1Looking up at the stars是现在分词作状语2本句中的that引导定语从句，修饰先行词planets3succeed in doing sth.成功做某事，另外本句中的that引导定语从句，修饰rockets4the first person.to go into space当名词被序数词或最高

22、级修饰时，常用不定式作定语5Following.是分词作状语6Although引导让步状语从句7在made everyone sad and disappointed中sad and disappointed作宾语补足语8but引导并列句9This is because.，because引导表语从句10providing.分词短语作状语11than引导比较级12when引导非限制性定语从句13followed.分词作状语14not only.but also连接两个并列成分，意为“不但而且”课本原文SPACE：THE FINAL FRONTIER“Are we alone? Whats out

23、 there？”1Looking up at the stars，people have always wanted to learn more about space，and scientists work hard to find answers.They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.They also really wish to discover other planets 2that are suitable enough to suppo

24、rt life.Before the mid20th century，most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.However，some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.After many experiments，they 3succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earths gravity.On 4 October 1957，th

25、e Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became 4the first person in the world to go into space.Over eight years later，on 20 July 1969，American astronaut Neil Armstr

26、ong stepped onto the moon，famously saying，“Thats one small step for a man，one giantB10 leap for mankind.” 5Following this，many more goals were achieved.For example，Americas NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space，and it still transmits data today.6Although scient

27、ists try to make sure nothing goes wrong，accidents can still happen.All the astronauts on the USSRs Soyuz 11 and Americas Challenger died during their missions.These disasters 7made everyone sad and disappointed，8but the desire to explore the universe never died.9This is because people believe in th

28、e importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.An example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station.It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on boardB21，10providing a continuous human presence in space.Chinas space programme started late 11than

29、those of Russia and the US，but it has made great progress in a short time.China became the third country in the world to independentlyB22 send humans into space in 2003，12when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraftB23.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit

30、and the first Chinese spacewalkB24，13followed by the vehicle JadeB25 Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.After that，China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dockB26 with it.This signalledB27 one step further in Chinas plan to establish a space station in th

31、e future.More recently，China has sent Change 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations.The future of space exploration remains bright.Europe，the US，and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter.Despite the difficu

32、lties，scientists hope future discoveries will 14not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.译文参考太空：最后的边境仰望星空，(人们)不禁要问：“我们是孤独的吗？那里是什么？”，人们一直想更多地了解太空，而且科学家在努力工作寻求答案，为了查明宇宙的秘密他们制做了交通工具把那些勇敢的人带到太空。他们也真地希望能发现其他适合生命生存的行星。在二十世纪中期以后，绝大多数人认为太空旅行是不可能的。

33、然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。经过多次实验之后，他们成功地造出了能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。在1957年10月4日，苏联成功发射了Sputnik 1号卫星，且卫星成功地绕地球运转。后来苏联专注于研究送人类进入太空(这个问题)并且在1961年4月12日，尤里加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。八年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔阿姆斯特朗登上月球，说了一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。例如，为了研究外层空间，美国航空航天局在1977年9月5日发射了航行者1号，时至今日它仍然能传送一些数据。虽然科学家

34、竭力确保不出任何错误，但事故仍然可能发生。在执行任务期间，在苏联的联盟者11号和美国的挑战者(飞船上)的所有宇航员全部遇难。这些灾难让每个人感到悲伤和失望，但是(人们)探索宇宙的渴望从未泯灭。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。这种继续努力的一个例子就是国际太空站。它绕地球运行，允许来自不同国家的宇航员搭乘，让人类持续不断地出现在太空中。中国的太空计划开始的比俄国和美国都晚。但是在短时间内取得了很大进步，在2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独自把人类送入太空的国家，当时杨利伟在神舟五号宇宙飞船里成功地绕地球运行。此后神舟六号和七号分别完成了第二次载人飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行

35、走，紧接着月球探测车玉兔也被发射到月球去研究其表面。之后中国把天宫二号太空实验室送入太空，并且与天舟一号实现对接。这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又前进了一步。最近，为了做好测量和观测，中国已经发射了嫦娥四号去探测月球离我们较远的那一边的表面。宇航探索的未来充满光明，欧洲、美国和中国都有计划要进一步研究和探索像火星和木星这样的行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源，而且还帮助我们更好地进入未来。速读课文，完成下列任务.单项选择阅读P4041课文内容，选择最佳选项1What does the scientist do to find out the secrets

36、 of the universe?ALook up at the stars.BMake vehicles to carry people into space.CWant to learn more about space.2 was launched on 4 October 1957.AThe Sputnik 1BThe Voyager 1CThe Challenger 13In 2003 Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in AShenzhou 6BShenzhou 7CShenzhou 54Tiangong 2 space lab was

37、launched into space to dock with ATianzhou 1BChange 4CShenzhou 5答案14BACA.补全信息选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息A.to look up at the starsBto learn more about space Cto find out the secrets of the universeDto understand the origin of universeEto orbit Earth independently1The scientists make vehicles to carry peo

38、ple into space 2The scientists hope future discoveries will enable us 3Now many scientists work hard 4Scientists wish and further study and explore the space.5The Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR on 4 October 1957.答案15CDBAE.表格填空timeeventsOn 4 October 1957the Sputnik 1 satellite was 1.lau

39、nched by the USSR and successfully 2.orbited around Earth.On 12 April 1961Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world 3.to go(go) into space.On 20 July 4.1969Armstrong stepped onto the moon，saying，“Thats one small step for a man，one giant 5.leap for mankind.”On 5 September 1977America launched

40、 Voyager 1 to study 6.deep space，and it still 7.transmits data today.In 8.2003China became the third country in the world to 9.independently send humans into space and Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.细读课文完成下列任务.主旨匹配1Para.1AChina has made great progress in exploring

41、 space.2Para.2BThe future of space exploration remains bright.3Para.3CThe achievements that the USSR and America made.4Para.4DPeople have always wanted to explore space.5Para.5EThe desire of people to explore the universe never died.答案15DCEAB.单项选择1The main idea of the passage is Athe space explorati

42、on of mankindBthe great achievements the USA has madeCYuri Gagarins travel to spaceDAccidents that happened in space2Which of the follow statements is true according to Para.2?ATravelling into space was an impossible dream in the mid20th century.BThe USSR was the first country to launch satellite in

43、to space.CGagarin was the first man to step onto the moon.DAmerica launched Voyager 1 to orbit the Earth.3What is the function of the International Space Station?ATelling us the huge risks of space exploration.BHaving astronauts from different countries on board.CLetting us believe in the importance

44、 of carrying on space exploration.DWelcoming the brave people to pay a visit to it.4We can infer from Para.4 AYang Liwei orbited Earth in Shenzhou 5 spacecraftBTiangong 2 space lab docked with Tianzhou 1 successfully in spaceCthe main aim of Change 4 is to make measurementsDChina has made great achi

45、evements in exploring space答案14ABBD.读后续写/概要写作微技能概要写作微技能(一)归纳主旨大意(含段落大意)1概要写作的第一步便是阅读短文并抓取主题，进而提取主旨大意，即提取有关该主题的主要内容或作者在该主题上的观点或主张。归纳主旨大意，是为了整体上把握语篇要义，有利于区分主次、剔除细节信息。2确定段落主旨句时，要兼顾语篇大背景，即在全文主旨大意的统领下归纳段落主旨，将段落主旨纳入语篇主旨的架构中。不是所有的段落都有现成的段落主旨句，有的段落主旨句需要考生根据段落内容予以归纳和概括。阅读语篇时，根据不同的文体可采取以下方法归纳主旨大意：记叙文圈出记叙文的六要素(who，when，where，what，how，why)；如果是夹叙夹议文，还要写出故事给读者带来的启示或寓意。说明文找出文章要说明的对象、观点或建议。议论文提取议论文的三要素(论点、论据、结论)。