人教高中英语2020-2021学年新人教版选择性必修第三册同步课时强化训练Unit 2 Reading and Thinking—Language Points.docx

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1、Period TwoReading and ThinkingLanguage Points.重点单词1abuse n滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂2dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势3cue n提示；暗示；信号 vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)4reward n回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬5facilitate vt.促进；促使；使便利6negative adj.消极的；有害的；否定的7pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的8discipline n自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚9physical adj.身体的；客观存在

2、的；物理学的physics n物理10repeatedly adv.重复地repeat vt.重复11psychology n心理学；心理；心理影响psychological adj.心理学的12rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖reliable adj.可信赖的13examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验examination n测试；检查掌握规律巧记单词psychology n.心理学；心理；心理影响psychological adj.心理学的例如：historyhistoricalrely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖reliable adj.可信赖的例如：affordaffordable

3、examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验examination n.测试；检查例如：combine combination.核心短语1in response to回答；答复2rely on依赖；依靠；信赖3straight away立即；马上4decide on决定；选定5lead to导致6over and over again一遍又一遍地7aside from除了还有8give up放弃9after all毕竟，终究.经典句式1状语从句的省略These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when

4、they become adults.这些坏习惯，如果不加以控制，在他们长大后会变成更糟糕的坏习惯。2过去分词短语作定语There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle：“We are what we repeatedly do.”有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”3not.but.不是而是In fact，the most successful way to change is not suddenly，but over a period of time.事实上，最成功的改变方法不是突

5、然的，而是要经过一段时间。重点词汇 To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenagers life is essential.避免这样的坏习惯控制青少年的生活是非常必要的。dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势be dominated by.被控制domination n.控制；支配dominant adj.占支配地位的；占优势的；显著的(1)Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more st

6、able over the long term.(2019天津)食物网或许被很多弱的连接控制，因为那种安排从长远看更稳定。(2)In recent years，social policy has been dominated(dominate) by cutting down expenses.最近几年，社会政策一直以削减开支为主。(3)It is natural that some companies are fighting for domination(dominate) of the market.一些公司争取市场控制权，这很正常。(4)The firm has achieved a

7、dominant(dominate) position in the world market.这家公司在国际市场上占有举足轻重的地位。高级表达(5)As he was dominated by his father，he couldnt make his own decision.Dominated by his father，he couldnt make his own decision.(用非谓语动词改写) Secondly，there is a “routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue.其次，有一个“日常

8、行为”，即你回应暗示的常规行为。in response to 回答；回复response n回答；回复respond vi.回答；回复respond to 回答；回复(1)The product was developed in response to customers demand.为了满足顾客的要求，开发了这个产品。(2)I asked him his name，but he didnt respond.我问他的名字，可他没有回答。(3)I received an encouraging response(respond) to my advertisement.我的广告宣传有了令人鼓舞

9、的回应。一句多译(4)他举行了一个大的派对来回应那个消息。He held a big party to respond to the news.(respond)He held a big party in response to the news.(response) Thirdly，there is the “reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.第三，有“回报”，即我们从日常行为中得到的好东西或感觉。reward n.回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬give/offer a reward to sb

10、.for (doing) sth.为(做)某事而给某人报酬in reward (for)作为(对的)回报、奖赏reward sb.with sth.for (doing) sth.为(做)某事用某物奖赏/酬谢某人rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的(1)The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to get the reward.(2019全国)研究者随后测试了这些猴子如何组合或添加这些符号来获得奖励。(2)She started singing to the baby and was

11、 rewarded with a smile.她开始对着婴儿唱歌，婴儿对她回报以微笑。(3)Its unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他辛苦工作却得到很少回报是不公平的。(4)Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding(reward) experience.(2018北京)沿着古丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣而又有意义的经历。易混辨析award，reward，prizeaward：作名词指“奖品，奖金”等；作动词表示“授予，给予；

12、判给”，可以跟双宾语，award sb.sth.把某物授予/判给某人。reward：作名词表示“赏金，奖励”或一些非金钱的报酬；作动词表示“奖赏，酬谢”，只能以人或人的行为作宾语。prize：只能作名词，表示“奖赏，奖金，奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。选词填空award，reward，prize(5)Hundreds of prizes can be won in our newspaper competition.(6)A $100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.(7)After graduation he w

13、as awarded a lot of money to do research.一句多译(8)他们因他救了那个小孩而奖赏他。They gave a reward to him for saving the child.(reward n)They rewarded him for saving the child.(reward v) To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits，we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.想要促使坏习惯朝着积

14、极的方向变化，首先必须审视自己的坏习惯回环，然后尽力去调整。facilitate vt.促进；促使；使便利facilitation n.促进；便利facilitator n.推动者；促进者(1)The wise man may facilitate communication between the couple.这位智者或许能促进这对夫妇之间的交流。(2)We welcome them and will provide all possible facilitation(facilitate) and assistance.我们对他们表示欢迎，并将提供一切可能的便利和协助。(3)There

15、is no doubt that he is the best facilitator(facilitate)毫无疑问，他是最好的推动者。高级表达(4)The local government will build a new airport which facilitates the development of tourism.The local government will build a new airport facilitating the development of tourism.(用非谓语动词改写)examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验examination n.

16、测试；审查examiner n.主考人；考官(5)In one study，Dr Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents.(2019全国)在一项研究中，普林斯顿博士测试了235个青少年的两种受欢迎程度。(6)In his opinion，he should have the new system examined(examine) as soon as possible.在他看来，他应该尽快让人检验这种新系统。(7)With the examination(examine) approaching，th

17、e students began to feel nervous.随着考试的临近，学生们开始觉得紧张了。 Many of us try to change bad habits quickly，and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up.我们中的很多人都想很快改掉坏习惯，如果我们没有立刻成功，我们经常会变得悲观，从而放弃。straight away立即；马上“立刻，马上”的其他表达：right away；right now；at once；in no time；as soo

18、n as possible(1)Hearing the news，I gave him a call straight away.听到这个消息，我立刻给他打了电话。(2)Seeing the policeman，the thief ran away at once.看到警察，那个小偷立刻逃跑了。(3)When they approached the tree，the bird flew away in no time.他们靠近这棵树时，鸟儿立刻飞走了。pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的be pessimistic about对悲观optimistic adj.乐观的be opt

19、imistic about对乐观(4)I think you are being far too pessimistic.我觉得你过于悲观了。(5)The doctors are pessimistic about his chances of recovery.医生们对他康复的可能性不乐观。(6)He was badly injured，but he was very optimistic about his future.他伤得很重，但是他对未来很乐观。 After all，it is not easy to break bad habits.毕竟，改掉坏习惯并不容易。after all毕

20、竟，终究all in all总而言之in all总共；共计at all根本；全然(常用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中加强语气)above all首先；最重要的是first of all首先(1)“After all，everyone has bad days and good days，”he said.(2019浙江)他说：“毕竟每个人都有坏日子和好日子。”(2)All in all，I appreciated being taken to this nice island.总之，我很感激被带到这个美丽的岛上来。(3)First of all，it is now easier to replac

21、e an object than to spend time and money to repair it.首先，现在替换一样东西比花时间和金钱来修补它更容易。(4)We must work，and above all we must have faith in ourselves.我们必须工作，最重要的是我们必须相信自己。 .you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.你必须考虑一下你的坏习惯，决定做些改变。decide on决定；选定decide to do sth.决定做某事decision n决定

22、make a decision做出决定arrive at/come to/reach a decision做出决定(1)Have you decided on a date for the wedding?你们定好婚礼日期了吗？(2)It is hard to decide(decide) for me which one to choose.我很难决定选哪一个。(3)Choosing your future career is an extremely important decision(decide)选择你未来的职业是极为重要的决定。经典句式These bad habits，if lef

23、t unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.这些坏习惯，如果不加以控制，在他们长大后会变成更糟糕的坏习惯。句中的if left unchecked是状语从句的省略，补充完整为：if they are left unchecked。状语从句省略的条件：从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语中含有be动词，可以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。如果状语从句中出现了it is/was时，可以把it is/was一起省略。(1)While staying in the village，James shared

24、whatever he had with the villagers.待在村子里的那段时间，詹姆斯同村民分享了他所拥有的一切。(2)While wandering(wander) around，she met this lovely woman.在闲逛时，她遇到了这位可爱的女士。(3)Once begun(begin)，the project is hard to stop.一旦开始，这个项目就很难停下来了。(4)If necessary，I will go there to have a talk with her.如果有必要，我会去和她谈一谈。.单句语法填空1Youd better not

25、 be too strict with her.After all，she is only four.2The young couple decided on the nice island for their holiday.3She used to be pessimistic about her life，but now she has changed.4In this situation，you must manage to inform him straight away.5The old man went to the hospital to have his body exami

26、ned(examine) regularly.6What will the new actor do in response(respond) to the funny news?7He had been a dominant(dominate) figure in her life.8I will lend her some money in reward for her timely help.9She is so strongminded that she wont give up her dream easily.10The teacher will offer you some me

27、thods of facilitating(facilitate) learning.完成句子11When asked about the accident，he kept silent in order not to lose his job.当被问及这个事故时，他保持了沉默，为的是不丢掉这份工作。12At last，the girl remembered the long sentence repeated many times.最后，这个女孩记住了这个被重复了多次的长句子。13What he is worried about is not your physical health but

28、 your mental health.他担心的不是你的身体健康而是你的心理健康。14The young man is reliable so you can rely on him when you get into trouble.这个年轻人很可靠，所以你遇到困难时可以依靠他。15The scientist decided to find a way to help the children dominated by computer games.这位科学家决定找到一个办法来帮助这些被电脑游戏控制的孩子。基础巩固.单词拼写1As a reward for good behavior，tre

29、at your child to a new toy.2When he was at college，he was crazy about psychology(心理学)3Little children shouldnt drink something containing alcohol(酒精)4Everything will go well，so you neednt be so pessimistic about your future.5It was that image of calm and discipline(自制力) that appealed to voters.6She

30、told me that she was often disturbed by some negative(消极的) thoughts.7The woman examined the bag carefully，only to find that it contained some papers.8He argued that the economic recovery had been facilitated by his tough power.单句语法填空9They asked him to give a speech，but he made no response(respond)10

31、I really didnt know why they had decided on that boy to help them.11As a matter of fact，not everyone is so pessimistic about the future.12Applicants are selected for jobs on the results of a competitive examination(examine)13It is a hard job，but at the same time it is a rewarding(reward) job.14When

32、I go on a journey，my mother often reminds me repeatedly(repeat)15The young man rushed into the castle to rescue the boy dominated(dominate) by the group.16Youd better pay attention to their physical(physics) health as well as their mental health.单句写作17这位老人选定了一个日子庆祝我们的成功。(decide on)The old man has de

33、cided on a date to celebrate our success.18检查过这些包裹，他就派人去送了。(examine)Having examined these parcels，he sent someone to deliver them.19显然，他渴望做些事情来回报他们的善意。(reward)It is clear that he is eager to do something in reward for their kindness.20最后，她离开家来回应丈夫的恶行。(in response to)At last，she left their home in re

34、sponse to her husbands bad behavior.能力提升.阅读理解What do you usually do when you have some free time？Do you take part in any form of hobby？If your answer is no，then you should think twice.Cultivating some types of interest or hobbies might be the ideal way to develop your brain and improve your creative

35、 thinking.Here is a common problem that many older people have.They have spent such a great deal of time raising their family that once their children are grown and left home，they all of a sudden start to experience their age.Quite often，it is not their age that is the concern.It is the fact that th

36、ey are unexpectedly offered more time on their hands.When you put in too much time not doing anything，this can affect your brain.This is just where the expression “If you dont use it，you lose it” definitely is the truth.Your mind needs working out much like any other muscles in your body.This is why

37、 getting a hobby matters.It offers you something to do and is a perfect way to meet new people.Enjoying a hobby is also a perfect way to improve creative thinking at any age.Even young children can profit from taking a new hobby.For retired people，enjoying a hobby which they can find entertainment i

38、n with their grandchildren will help keep them active and feel young at heart.Several hobbies that are terrific for both your mind and your body include yoga，biking，swimming and golf.If you arent fond of sports，even taking a walk regularly is a wonderful way to keep active.It helps you to appreciate

39、 fresh scenery and it has been suggested that the colors green and blue help make you more creative.As you can see above，you can get pretty much from taking a hobby.With so many choices waiting for you，begin your journey right away!语篇解读文章介绍了业余爱好对老年人的好处：锻炼脑力、强身健体。作者呼吁人们马上行动起来。1What can be implied abo

40、ut many older people from Paragraph 2?AThey lack creative thinking.BThey should develop their brain.CThey concern about their age.DThey used to have little free time.答案D解析推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，很多老年人年轻时把时间主要用来养家糊口，年老之后，他们担心的不是变老，而是他们有了过多的可以自由支配的时间。由此推知，他们原来很少有自由时间。故D选项正确。2Why does getting a hobby matter acc

41、ording to the text?AIt strengthens ones brain.BIt helps build up ones muscles.CIt enables one to make friends.DIt improves ones living conditions.答案A解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“Your mind needs working out much like any other muscles in your body.This is why getting a hobby matters.”可知，就像你身体的其他部位一样，你的大脑需要锻炼。这就是业余

42、爱好重要的原因。由此可知，业余爱好可以锻炼大脑、增强脑力。故A选项正确。3What does the underlined word “terrific” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?ASpecific. BDisgusting.CWonderful. DFundamental.答案C解析词义猜测题。第三段和第四段主要介绍了业余爱好可以锻炼脑力，同时对身体有好处。结合选项可知，该画线单词意思应为C选项。4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ATrying Different Hobbi

43、esBSpending Your Free TimeCExperiencing Your Hobby NowDFeeling Young at Heart答案C解析标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了业余爱好对老年人的好处。最后一段是总结段，提到了你可以从业余爱好中受益。你可以有很多选择，马上开始吧。故C项适合作该文标题。.完形填空I have forgotten the name of the old lady，who was a customer on my newspaper route.Yet it remains in my memory that she taught me a lesson

44、 in 1 that I shall never forget.On a winter afternoon，a friend and I were throwing stones onto the roof of the old ladys house near her garden.The 2 was to observe how the stones changed to missiles as they 3 to the roofs edge and fell into the yard like comets(彗星) falling from the sky.I found mysel

45、f a perfectly smooth rock and threw it.The stone was too 4 ，however，so it slipped from my hand as I let it go and headed straight for a small window.At the sound of broken glass，we knew we were in 5 .We ran faster than any of our stones flying off her roof.I was too 6 about getting caught that first

46、 night to be 7 about the old lady with the broken window in winter. 8 ，a few days later，when I was sure that I hadnt been discovered，I started to feel 9 for her trouble.She still greeted me with a smile each day when I gave her the newspaper，but I was no longer able to act 10 when seeing her.I decid

47、ed that I would save my paper delivery money，and in three weeks I had the seven dollars that I thought would 11 the cost of her window and sent it to her in an envelope.The next day，I handed the old lady her paper.She thanked me for the paper and gave me a bag of biscuits she had made herself.I thanked her and ate the biscuits