人教高中英语19-20 Unit 4 Section Ⅳ　 Listening and Talking &Reading for Writing.doc

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1、Section Listening and Talking &Reading for Writing阅读Reading 2 中的材料，选出最佳选项1Why are some people against space exploration according to the passage？Because they think Ait cost too much time and moneyBit might feed the worlds poorCit may result in pollution and fatal diseasesDit fails to realise the imp

2、ortance of space exploration2Which of the following is NOT the benefit of exploring space?AFighting against world hunger.BHelping farming to grow more food.CChanging the data on land and weather patterns.DPromoting technological improvements around the world.3What did the picture of Earth from space

3、 make people realise?AWe are living on a island.BOur earths resources are limited.CWe can find ways in the black sea.DMars is the best planet to live on.答案13ACBWords And Phrases知识要点1lack n缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏(教材P42)Astronauts bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity，so they n

4、eed to exercise every day，which will help them stay healthy.在太空中由于缺乏引力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得很弱，因此他们需要每天进行锻炼，这有助于他们保持健康。例1She showed a lack of humour.她缺乏幽默感。例2The crops all died for lack of water.庄稼因为缺水都死了。例3He didnt go there because he lacked courage.他没去那里，因为他缺乏勇气。造句他们缺乏身体锻炼，也没有面对面与朋友交际的能力。They lack physic

5、al exercise and the skill to communicate with their friends face to face.知识拓展(1)lack sth.缺少某物(2)a lack of.的缺乏for lack of.因缺乏have no lack of.不缺乏(3)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in缺乏；缺少提示lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可用作不及物动词；形容词lacking常与in连用。即学即练单句语法填空More and more highrise buildings hav

6、e been built in big cities for lack of space.Though lacking(lack) money，he sent his son to college.知识要点2argue vi.&vt.论证；争辩；争论(教材P44)Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.有些人主张我们应该停止浪费时间和钱财来探索太空。例1She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and n

7、ot used for entertainment or advertisements.她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。例2He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday.他和玛丽为最好的度假地点而争吵。例3The workers argued for their right to strike.工人们为他们罢工的权力而辩护。造句我主张我们人人都应该尽力帮助需要帮助的人。I argue that every one of us (should) try our best to help those in ne

8、ed.知识拓展(1)argue for.为而争论；为而辩护argue against争辩(反对)argue that.(should) do sth.主张argue with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事(2)argument n.争论；争辩；论点拓展延伸表示“说服做”的其他表达：persuade sb.to do sth.persuade sb.into doing sth.convince sb.to do sth.talk sb.into doing sth.即学即练单句语法填空

9、How I regretted arguing with her about the important question, which made us all unhappy.We tried many ways to argue him into following our advice, but in vain.It is beyond argument(argue) that Diaoyu Islands belong to China.知识要点3result in导致；造成(教材P44)It has directly resulted in the many satellites t

10、hat now orbit Earth.它已经直接制造了很多现在绕地球运行的卫星。例1They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。例2It had rained heavily for weeks，which resulted in severe flood in this area.大雨已下了几周，造成了这个地区的严重水灾。造句她努力的

11、结果是成功了，而她弟弟的失败源自他的懒惰。Her efforts resulted in her success while her brothers failure resulted from his laziness.知识拓展(1)result in为及物动词短语，表示“导致”的意思，其同义词有cause(引起)，bring about(引起；导致；致使)；lead to(导致)；contribute to(有助于；向投稿)等。(2)result from由产生as a result of 由于的原因as a result 结果without result 毫无结果即学即练(1)单句语法填

12、空As we all know，his hard work resulted in his success.As we all know，his success resulted from his hard work.(2)完成句子由于辛勤的工作，她成功了。She succeeded as a result of her hard work.他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。He made a big mistake，and as a result，he lost his job.知识要点4run out用完；耗尽(教材P45)It is necessary to find a new home f

13、or people in space，as the resources on Earth will run out.在太空中找到新家园对人类来说是很有必要的，因为地球的资源会耗尽。例1Food supplies had run out towards the end of the trip.在旅行快结束时，食物已经吃完了。例2Our time is running out.我们的时间快没了。造句汽油用光了，汽车动不了了。The petrol has run out；the car cant move.知识拓展(1)run out of用完；用光；用尽give out耗尽；筋疲力尽use up用

14、完；耗尽(2)run for竞选；匆匆去取run across偶然遇到run into撞上；遇到；邂逅run through浏览；跑着穿过明辨异同run out of/run out/give out/use uprun out of是及物动词短语，通常以人作主语，相当于use up，表示“用完；用尽”run out是不及物动词短语，通常以物作主语，相当于give outgive out可表示物“用完”或人“筋疲力尽”；还表示“发出；分发；宣布”等use up是及物动词短语，表示“用完；用尽”，相当于run out of即学即练单句语法填空Food supplies in the floods

15、tricken area are running outWe must act immediately before theres none left.The taxi ran into the bike and the man on the bike was thrown off.She ran across an old friend of hers on the way to the station.小片段助记Worse luck！First, food and drinking water had been used up before we reached the destinati

16、on.Then, my husband was speeding up the car when it suddenly broke down. It turned out that the gas had run out.So we had to walk ahead along the road until my strength give out.We finally made our way to a small hotel but to our despair, we found we had used up/run out of our money.知识要点5attach vt.系

17、；绑；贴(教材P46)While sleeping，they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.在睡觉的时候，他们必须把自己系在某个东西上以防止到处飘浮。例1Please attach labels to the luggage.请把行李贴上标签。例2That middle school is attached to a university.这所中学附属于一所大学。例3In the new century，we still should attach importance to the d

18、evelopment of economy.在新世纪，我们仍然要重视经济发展。造句很多青少年认为手机要比朋友重要得多。Many teenagers attach much more importance to their phones than to their friends.知识拓展(1)attach.to.把固定/附在上attach great importance/significance to sth. 认为非常/很有意义(2)attached adj. 依恋；附属于be attached to 附属于；依恋即学即练单句语法填空My parents always attach imp

19、ortance to my getting a good education.This hospital attached(attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.This hospital is attached(attach) to the medical college nearby.记叙文之时间顺序情节线是关键以时间为顺序的记叙文是高考试题中较为简单的一种文体。在该类文体中往往含有两条重要线索：一个是时间的先后关联；另一个是在时间变化中的情节变化。高考试题往往以这些情节变化作为命题点。因此，在解答

20、此类文体时要注意时间线是理解文章的助手，而情节线是解题的关键。高考典例2017浙江卷A篇(节选)时间线读文助手 情节线解题关键开端：时间11Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of ageBut he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camels hair.The

21、re were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush情节1：初见端倪本杰明在6岁时就展现出艺术天赋:用猫毛自制画笔作画。承接：时间22The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱)His father said that the cat mu

22、st be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.情节2：新荷初见本段承接上文，讲述了本杰明用猫毛制作画笔的事被父亲发现。发展：时间33The cats lot was about to improve. That year，one of Benjamins cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and

23、 some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画)by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.情节3艺术启蒙本杰明的天赋引起了堂兄Mr.Pennington的注意，并得到帮助。(可解第22题)发展：时间44In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at w

24、hat Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.情节4技艺提高本杰明9岁时被堂兄Mr.Pennington带到了费城。高潮：地点转换结局5In the city，Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape(风景)painting.William Williams，a

25、wellknown painter，came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student.But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day，and under my pil

26、low at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.情节5技惊名人在费城，本杰明开始叩响艺术殿堂的大门，并立志成为艺术家。(可解第23、24题)定区间细比对22What does the underlined sentence suggest?AThe cat would b

27、e closely watched.BThe cat would get some medical care.CBenjamin would leave his home shortly.DBenjamin would have real brushes soon.23What did Pennington do to help Benjamin ？AHe took him to see painting exhibitions.BHe provided him with painting materials.CHe sent him to a school in Philadelphia.DHe taught him how to make engravings.24Williams helped Benjamin to Amaster the use of paintsBappreciate landscape paintingsCget to know other paintersDmake up his mind to be a painter答案2224DBD22由题眼第3段，由“情节1情节3”得出答案。23由题眼第5段，由“情节5”并结合此段首句得出答案。24由题眼第5段，由“情节5”并结合结局可推知答案。