人教高中英语19-20 Unit 3 Section Ⅱ　Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking——Language Points.doc

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1、Section Listening and Speaking &Reading and ThinkingLanguage Points1diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的diversity n差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性2fortune n机会；运气fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地3ethnic adj具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的ethnicity n种族渊源；种族特点4admit vi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)admission n准许进入；入场费；承认5definite adj.肯定的；确定的definitely

2、adv.肯定；确实6history n历史historical adj.(有关)历史的historic adj.历史上著名的(或重要的)，可名垂青史的7immigrant n(外来)移民；外侨immigrate vi移居；移居immigration n移民(入境)；移民人数8select vt.选举；挑选；选拔selection n选择；选拔9journal n日志； 日记；报纸；刊物journalist n新闻记者；新闻工作者journalism n新闻业；新闻工作10minor adj.较小的；次要的minority n少数民族；少数派；少数人1chip n(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯

3、片；碎片There are some chips of wood on the ground.碎片All the main course are served with chips or baked potato.炸土豆条Every machine has a small chip in it.芯片2claim vt.&n.夺取(生命)；宣称；断言I dont claim to be an expert.宣称The car crash claimed three lives.夺去(生命)The singer has denied the magazines claim that she is

4、leaving the band.断言3escape vi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱He escaped from the prison.逃脱They were glad to escape the cold winter for another year.避开I had a narrow escape.逃脱For her travel was an escape from the boredom of her everyday life.解脱；消遣Words And Phrases知识要点1fortune n机会；运气(教材P26)fortune cookie幸运曲奇例1

5、Mr.Parker worked in a small company for two years and then he went abroad to seek/try his fortune.帕克先生在一家小公司里工作了两年，然后就出国碰运气了。例2Nowadays many young people dream of making a fortune in big cities.现在许多年轻人梦想在大城市里发财。造句使他感到高兴的是，他有幸与一些世界顶级的运动员一起训练。To his joy，he had/has the fortune to train with some of the

6、 worlds top athletes.知识拓展(1)make a fortune发财seek ones fortune外出找出路try ones fortune碰运气(2)fortunate adj.幸运的be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.幸运地做某事(3)fortunately adv.幸运地即学即练单句语法填空Now there are many young men in our society dreaming of making a fortune without hard work.She was fortunate enough to f

7、ind(find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university.Fortunately(fortune)，a young man who was just passing by came up to the injured.I have had the good fortune(fortunate) to work with some brilliant directors.She was fortunate(fortune) enough to find a job as soon as she graduated from the

8、university.小片段助记Fortunately，I was fortunate enough to attend the film festival in Paris.If I had the fortune to meet the famous star，who sought his fortune in the big city when he was young.I would ask him to give me a signature.知识要点2admit vt.&vi.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)(教材P28)I have to admit that it definite

9、ly feels good to be back in the city again.我不得不承认再次回到这座城市感觉真是太好了。例1He admitted stealing some vegetables.他承认偷了菜。例2The boy was very happy because he was admitted into a key university.这个男孩很高兴，因为他被重点大学录取了。例3The theater admits 1，000 people.这个剧院可容纳一千人。造句不得不承认的是，现在人们对残疾人的态度已经有了很大的改变。It is admitted that no

10、wadays peoples attitude towards the disabled has changed a lot.知识拓展(1)admit(doing/having done) sth.承认(做过)某事admitn.to be.承认是admit sb./sth.into/to允许某人/某物进入/加入be admitted to/into.被录取，被接纳，被允许进入be admitted as.作为被接受(2)admission n.进入；入场费；承认即学即练单句语法填空All of my classmates are working hard in order to be admi

11、tted to/into a key university.When the police questioned him，George admitted stealing/having stolen (steal) the car.Up till now admission(admit) to college is gained by exam only.知识要点3occur vi.发生；出现(教材P28)And what a citya city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 190

12、6.这是一个多么棒的城市啊一个在1906年发生地震之后能够重新自建的城市。例1A good idea occurred to me all at once.突然我想到了一个好主意。例2It had never occurred to him that she might be against him.他从没想到她会反对他。例3When did the accident occur?事故是什么时候发生的？造句我突然想到，自上封信以来，已经有太长时间没收到华莱士的信了。It occurred to me that it had been too long since I heard from Wa

13、llace.知识拓展sth.occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事It occurs to /strikes/hits sb.that. 某人突然想起It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事提示表达“发生”之意时，occur与happen可以互换；另外occur，happen，take place，break out，come about等表示“发生；爆发”的短语都不能用于被动语态或进行时态。即学即练单句语法填空I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident

14、 occurred(occur)It occurred to him that he had left his wallet at home.小片段助记It occurred to him that he had left his keys in his office.So he went to catch them.On his way to his office，he saw a terrible accident occurred in the middle of the road.知识要点4seek vt.&vi.寻找；探索；寻求；(向某人)请求(教材P28)Over 300，000

15、people came from all over the world to seek their fortune，.全球有三十多万人来这里寻求发展之路，例1You must seek permission from the manager.你需请求经理批准。例2The explanation is not far to seek.这种解释不难理解。例3They are seeking to mislead us.他们竭力误导我们。造句我想是时候寻求法律援助了。I think its time we sought legal aid.知识拓展seek(for/after)sth./sb.寻找某

16、人/某物seek out 挑选/找出seek ones fortune 寻找致富之路；碰运气seek to do sth. 试图做某事seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success 追求幸福、安逸、财富、成功即学即练单句语法填空He sought(seek) for a house nearby but found none suitable.We seek to help(help) all students make great progress in their English.He is the man who is always seeking for/a

17、fter truth.小片段助记To seek happiness，he sought to seek his fortune in the big city，where he sought for/after a partner to help him run a company.知识要点5earn vt.&vi.赚；挣得；赢得；博得；赚得；使获得(教材P28)To earn a living，some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。例1He now earns his living as a

18、 lorry driver.他现在靠当卡车司机谋生。例2She doesnt earn much money，but she enjoys the work.她赚的钱不多，但是她喜欢这份工作。例3Everyone should have the means to earn their own living.每个人都应该有自己谋生的手段。造句他的成就赢得了人们的尊重。His achievement earned respect for him.知识拓展(1)earn sb.sth.使某人赚得某物earn moneymake money赚钱earn a/ones livingmake a/ones

19、 living谋生；维持生活earn a reputation赢得美名(2)earnings n.所得；收入；工资即学即练单句语法填空He earned(earn) his living by selling fruit when young.Average weekly earnings(earn) rose by 1.5% in July.小片段助记His rich working experience earned him a good chance in the big company，three years ago，now he not only earns his living b

20、y working here but also have earned/earns a reputation in the field of his work.Besides，his earnings are rising year by year.知识要点6select vt.挑选；选择；选拔(教材P29)I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.我选了一家广东餐馆，这家餐馆用精美的瓷盘呈上食物。例1He hasnt been selected for the nation

21、al team.他未能入选进国家队。例2He was selected as the representative of the company to attend the meeting.他被选为公司代表来参加这个会议。造句选出来的琥珀呈现出漂亮的蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey.知识拓展(1)select sb.to do sth.挑选某人做某事select sb./sth.as/to be.挑选某人/物作(2)selection n.挑选；选择即学即练单

22、句语法填空We selected her to represent(represent) us at the meeting.The three selections(select) presented above are typical examples.The players selected(select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.知识要点7claim n&vt.夺取(生命)；主张；宣称；认领；索取；夺去；断言(教材P29)Over 3，000 lives wer

23、e claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it.在1906年的旧金山地震中有3 000多人被夺去生命，并且震后还发生了一系列的火灾。例1We agree to accept all your claim.我方同意接受贵方的所有索赔。例2We will see those who claim to be leaders for the peace.我们将看到那些声称自己带来和平的领导人。造句据称有些医生每周工作80小时。It is claimed that

24、some doctors are working 80 hours a week.知识拓展(1)claim to do. 声称做It is claimed that.据称(2)make a claim声称；断言即学即练单句语法填空In healthfood stores，youll find dozens of products that claim to do(do) wonders for your brain.He claimed himself to be(be) the owner of the car.He made a claim that he would be elected

25、 as president of the company.知识要点8apart from除了外(还)；此外(教材P29)Apart from being the kingdom of flowers，it is home to many ethnic minority groups.(云南)除了是花的王国以外，还是许多少数民族的居住地。例1Apart from the boring fight between the two heroes，it is a really good movie.除了两个主人公之间乏味的打斗以外，这部电影还真的不错。例2Apart from being a pain

26、ter，she is also a yoga coach.除了是位画家，她还是个瑜伽教练。造句除了以上提到的结构，你也学会了下面的词组。Apart from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases.知识拓展(1)apart from具有下列三层含义：相当于as well as/in addition to。指“除之外(还)；此外；加之”，强调“另外还有”；相当于aside from。指“除了外”；相当于except for。指“除了外(都)；要不是”，是在对某人或某物整体上肯定的同

27、时，特别指出其不足之处。(2)take.apart将拆开tell sb./sth.apart 把某人/某物区分开即学即练完成句子除了自然和文化奇观外，杭州也因为美食烹饪而出名。Apart from natural and cultural wonders Hangzhou is also famous for its culinary(烹饪的)delights.除了结尾以外，这真的是一部好电影。Except for the ending，its a really good film.他们长得太像了，很难把他们区分开。They are so alike，and its difficult to

28、tell them apart知识要点9escape vt.&vi.逃脱；逃走；避开n逃脱；逃跑；解脱(教材P29)After visiting the southern part of Yunnan，I have to admit that it is the best district of China to escape the cold winter.参观云南南部之后，我不得不承认它是中国躲避寒冷冬天的最好的地区。例1Where can we go to escape the crowds?我们到哪里才能躲开这些人群？例2The thief jumped into a car and

29、made his escape.小偷跳上汽车逃走了。例3Hethe escaped from the prison last year.He was almost found and shot by the police，but luckily he had a escape death/narrow escape.Hethe 去年从那座监狱逃脱了。他差一点被警察发现后击毙，但是幸运的是，他总算死里逃生了。造句据报道一名旅客非常幸运地在空难中逃生。It was reported that one passenger was fortunate to escape being killed in

30、 the plane crash.知识拓展(1)escape from.从逃脱；逃避escape doing/being done sth.逃避(被)做某事escape death死里逃生a narrow escape九死一生(2)escaped adj.逃跑了的即学即练单句语法填空He had a narrow escape in the explosion.Alice escaped being killed(kill) in the big fire.Every possible means has been used，but the words still escape from hi

31、s memory.With the capture of the escaped(escape) tiger，everyone felt relieved.Sentence Patterns重点句式1many sitting on top of big hills独立主格结构(教材P28)There are so many beautiful old buildingsmany sitting on top of big hills，.有太多漂亮的老建筑物好多都坐落在群山之上，句式分析：many sitting on top of big hills 为独立主格结构，相当于which引导的非限

32、制性定语从句，即many of which sit on top of big hills.例1He lay on his back，his hands crossing under his head.他双手交叉放在头下面，仰面躺着。例2Time permitting，well have a dictation today.如果时间允许的话，今天我会听写。造句树叶到处飘落，我突然意识到秋天来临了。Leaves falling here and there，I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.知识拓展独立主格结构小结：(1)分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通

33、常是句子的主语；但有时分词(短语)有自己的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，独立主格结构在句中作状语。(2)独立主格结构形式归纳：名词/代词现在分词(表示主动和进行)名词/代词过去分词(表示被动和已经完成)名词/代词不定式(表示将要发生的动作)名词/代词形容词/副词/介词短语/名词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)with名词/代词现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/形容词/介词短语/副词即学即练单句语法填空The meeting being(be) over, people went back home.Much time spent(spend) sitting at a desk

34、, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing (play) beside her.重点句式2cant wait！等不及想做(某事)(教材P29)cant wait！我等不及想(去了)!句式分析：本句是I cant wait to go to a jazz bar in the Richmond District的省略形式，句意“我迫不及待想去列治文区的一个爵士乐酒吧”。cant wait to

35、do sth./for sth.某人等不及想做某事。例1We cant wait to have a try.我们等不及想要尝试一下。例2They cant wait for a view of that singer.他们等不及想要看看那位歌手了。造句我们迫不及待地想见到他。We can hardly wait to see him.知识拓展急于想做某事cant help doing sth. 禁不住要干某事即学即练完成句子The children can hardly wait(迫不及待地) to go swimming.When the term is coming to an end，

36、many students cant wait for(迫不及待想) their vacation.He cant help taking(禁不住要拿出) out of phone from his bag as soon as he sat down on the table.1(教材P28)This district used to be a poor area of town，but is now a centre for art，music，and food.分析本句为并列句，but连接两个并列句。used to意为“过去常常”后跟动词原形。译文这个区过去是这个城市的贫民区，但是现在是

37、艺术、音乐和美食的中心。2(教材P28)In the same year，gold was discovered near San Francisco，which started a gold rush.分析本句为复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句。which代指前面的gold was discovered.这件事。译文同年，在旧金山附近发现了金矿，于是开始了淘金热。3(教材P28)The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries

38、and cultures.分析本句为复合句。how引导的从句作showing的宾语。译文这家博物馆特别好地向我们展示了来自不同国家和文化的移民是如何建设美国的。教材高考1.The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.(2019全国卷)A son of immigrants，Chris started learning English a little over three years ago.2.Over

39、 3，000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it.(2019全国卷)Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and coauthor of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books.3.explore the diverse cultures of the world(2019全国卷)In trying to connect to her

40、 sister，Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people”who are hiding secrets.4.After visiting the southern part of Yunnan，I have to admit that it is the best district of China to escape the cold winter.(2019全国卷)A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping

41、her on the shoulder.5.I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.(2019全国卷)A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 025 drops of water or juice as a reward.单句语法填空

42、1When you know the history of California，you may not be surprised at the diversity(diverse) of its culture and customs.2Of the first people to go to California，the minority(minor) were successful in finding gold then.3This was a terrible prison from which no one escaped(escape) at that time.4Nine pe

43、rsons were claimed(claim) their lives in the car crash and the other two also died on the way to the hospital.5He went to America to try his fortune(fortunate) when he was young.6He admitted taking/having taken(take) my book by mistake in the library yesterday.7The heavy storm occurred(occur) on the

44、 district doing great damage to the local houses.8He selected(select) a pair of shoes from the shop and left.9You can refer to these diagrams(diagram) when you do your homework.10Mr.Smith made a journey(journal) from Paris to New York.语境填空head to；seek ones fortune；earn a living；series of；apart from；

45、used to；in fact；walk around；cant wait to do；it occurs to sb.1It occured to him that he had left his keys on the desk.2He wanted to seek his fortune in Beijing，so he left his hometown.3The teacher headed to Marks desk and asked him to answer the question.4To earn a living，the young man had to work in

46、 the day and night.5He bought series of books written by the famous novelist，Rolin.6Apart from English and maths，he also learns Chinese and history in the school.7He used to swim in the river when he was young.8In fact，he doesnt like playing football in his spare time.9He walked around in the supermarket looking for something he needed to buy.10I cant wait to see the famous scientist