半水煤气洗气塔计算与穿流角钢塔板..docx

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1、收稿日期:2023-03-10作者简介:林长青(1974 12-,男,2023 年毕业于天津科技大学,助理工程师,主要从事化工工程技术、设计工作。联系 :138*半水煤气洗气塔计算与穿流角钢塔板林长青,黄 洁,张振欧,张 学(天津市博隆塔器技术开发,天津 300193摘 要:对半水煤气洗气塔进水量、理论板数较全面进展了计算分析及比较。并对用于洗气塔的淋降角钢塔板的构造和设计,提出了的建议。可供有关人员在设计和运转洗气塔时参考。关键词:半水煤气;洗气塔;计算;塔板中图分类号:TQ 113 26+4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-6490(202302-0021-020 引 言合成氨生产中煤

2、气发生炉产生的半水煤气由于气温较高、含粉尘较多,流程设计中都要设置洗气塔,为半水煤气降温除尘,再送入下段工序。早年洗气塔内常承受木质格栅型填料,其构造简洁、防堵、防腐,且压降较小。近年不少厂承受空塔,塔内设置多排喷头,冷却水由喷头喷入塔内形成水雾水滴,在其下降过程中与上升气流接触,使气体得到冷却和除尘。这种设计虽极其简洁,压降很小,但因气液接触不佳,往往效果不好,而且用水量较大,导致污水处理量增大。也有一些厂承受不同的格栅或波浪填料,但易堵塞和压降大的问题终未解决。我公司在与一些厂的技改合作中,提出用淋降角钢塔板的方案,使上升气体与几块穿流角钢塔板淋下的液体屡次气液接触,保证较好的冷却除尘效果

3、。由于角钢间距选择较大,粉尘不会堵塞;气体在角钢间上升时气速较小,故压降亦不大;角钢材质可用碳钢或不锈钢,故可耐腐蚀。由于目前没有淋降穿流角钢塔板的设计参考,我们参照常规角钢塔板的设计参数和数据,对穿流角钢塔板的构造进展改进,将其用于洗气塔,以到达降温、除尘、低压降的要求。我们在理论上对洗气塔进展了一些计算。争论了一样理论板时,不同进液量对出口气温度的影响和不同理论板时出口气体温度的变化。1 工艺计算1 以某厂 2400 的塔为例进展模拟工艺计算:进塔气量 20230m 3(标/h,进气温度 110 ,进水温度 30 ,操作压力 0 12MPa(绝压,要求对气体降温,以不同的水量进展计算,承受

4、两块理论板,争论不同水量对出口气温度的影响,计算结果见表 1。表 1 承受两块板时不同水量对出口气温度影响表塔径/mm 气量/m 3(标 h -1 液量/m 3 h -1 理论板数/块进气温度/ 进液温度/ 出气温度/ 出液温度/ 24002023020231103033 749 224002023030021103031 643 224002023040021103030 940 0从表 1 可以看出当冷却水量从 200m 3/h 到第 31 卷第 2 期 2023 年 6 月化工设计通讯Chemical Engineering Design Communications Vol 31No

5、2Jun 2023400m 3/h 变化时,出口气体温度渐渐减小。其中 300m 3/h 进水量为实际生产时的进水量,其气体出口温度与计算值较为接近。2 为作比较,我们在一样的进液条件下,承受三块理论板进展了核算(见表 2。表 2 承受三块板时不同水量对出口气温度影响表塔径/mm 气量/m 3(标 h -1 液量/m 3 h -1 理论板数/块进气温度/ 进液温度/ 出气温度/ 出液温度/ 24002023020231103030 649 624002023030031103030 243 224002023040031103030 140 0从表 2 比照来看:理论板数多,则出口气温度可降得

6、更低一些。但从洗气塔的构造,特别是压降考虑,建议洗气塔理论板数取 12 块。2 淋降角钢塔板2 1 结 构a 塔板构造如图 1 和图 2所示。图 1 穿流角钢塔板图 2 型穿流角钢塔板b 由于穿流角钢倒置(如图 1,气体通过塔板的压降将增加。而型穿流角钢塔板构造(见图 2,上升气流不会在角钢 90 处形成局部涡流,从而降低干板压降。c 为保证气液通过多层塔板时能屡次亲热接触,不发生短路和气液分布不均的状况,相邻塔板要互错 90 ,这对增加气流在塔板间的湍动、强化气液间的接触有利。d 进入第 1 层塔板的液体要求均匀分布,故第 1 层塔板上方应设置液体分布器,否则气体会从没有液体喷淋处短路上升,

7、不利于气体的冷却。2 2 参 数a 从降低压降角度看,维持角钢塔板的开孔率至关重要。参照图 1,建议开孔率应大于 40%50%,特别是承受大喷淋密度时更应取较大值,由于下降液体会占去一局部角钢空隙,实际就减小了气体上升通道的面积。b 通过角钢间隙的气体动能因子的选取亦格外重要,如此值较大,则不仅压降增加,而且下淋液体亦会受阻,甚至造成较大的雾沫夹带,对操作不利。建议角钢间隙气体动能因子的设计值应不大于 34。喷淋密度大时应取较小值。c 为改善液体沿角钢边缘下淋的均匀性,应在角钢边缘做成齿形,可以到达较多的喷淋点,也可避开因角钢不水平形成的局部聚流。d 塔板效率尚无精准数据,故目前洗气塔的实际塔

8、板数应主要依据塔板压降的要求而定。在较大开孔率及较小缝隙气体动能因子状况下,每块塔板压降将不大于150250Pa 。3 结 论淋降角钢塔板构造简洁,气体冷却及除尘效果良好,且不易堵,压降亦不太大。本文提出的上述设计方法和设计数据,已在天津蓟县、福建永安、河北河间等厂应用,效果良好。本文供给的设计及参数选取原则,将有利于这种塔板的推广应用。22化工设计通讯第 31 卷AbstractSummary of Alcoho-l copper Base C atalyst Hyperthermic Reduction ProcessGUO Xin-fa(Nanyang Derun Chemical Co

9、.,Ltd,Nei xiang,H enan474350,China Abstract:This article introduces the hyperthermic reduction pro-cess of alcoho-l copper hase catalyst,besides,it points out the i tems for attention during hyperthermic red uctionKey words:Copper-base catalyst;hyperthermic reduction;items for attention Modification

10、 on Gas ProducerT ian Jian-an(H enan Yanshi Fertili z er Factory,Yanshi,H enan471900,China Abstract:This article introduces the technical modification on gas producer and p uts forwards some measures.Key words:gas producer;diameter expansion;modification Measures for Preventing CentrifugalCom presso

11、r Rotor from Fouling and Axle Vibration Value ZncreasingQi A-i qin(Heihua Grou p C o.,Ltd,Qiqiha e r,Heilon gjiang,161041China Abstract:This article introduces several measures for preventing centrifugal compressor from fouling.It also describes the running effect.Key words:centrifugal compressor;ro

12、tor fouling;ax le vi bration Value increasing;measureThe analysis of the cause for block-up in the desulfuration toner and raises some counte measuresQUAN Sh-i kuang,JIA Ran-yang(Shan dong Hualuhengsheng Chemica l Co ,Ltd,Dezhou,shandong253024,China Abstract:this paper introduces application of tann

13、in desulfuration used in fertilizer plant and analyzes the cause for block-up in the desul furation tower and raises some counter measures.Key words:tannin desulfuration;block-up;measures Application of Ant-i blocking Agent in High-nitrogen Compound Fertilizer(N:25%28%JI Bao-de(Linquan Chemical Co.,

14、Ltd,Linquan,Anhui236400,China Abstract:This article introduces the mechanism,application and effect of ant-i block agent in high-nitrogen compound fertilizer(N: 25%28%.Key words:an t-i b lock agen t;hi gh-n itrogen com poun d fertilizer;test Perforation Analysis of Steam Injection PumpWANG Pe-i hong

15、,LI Ka-i sheng(Henan Pu y an g Zhon gyuan Chemical Group,Puyang,H enan457000,China Abstract:This article in troduces the corrosi on mechani sm andcountermeasures for steam injection pump.Key words:steam injection pu mp;corrosion;material The Catalyst Steam of a Section ofStoves Burns the Carbon Brie

16、f SummaryLI Ka-i sheng,WANG Pe-i hong(Synthetic ammon ia o f Dahua Grou p o f Central Plains,Pu y an g o f Henan factory,457000,China Abstract:Narrate a section of s toves and analyse the carbon rea-son Measure and burning the carbon course after the catalyst analy-ses carbons.Key words:Analyse carb

17、ons;Burn carbons;M easure Principle and Application of Wet Electric Filter GUO Qiang(Henan Shenma Grou p,Pingdin gshan467013,China Abstract:This article introd uces the basic principle of wet elec-tric filter on the basis of actual application of DC- 8.8Wet electric filter,This provides a reference

18、for correct application of wet eletric filter.Key words:electric filter;charge;displacement;adhension; washingC alculation on Half-water Gas Scrubber and Turbogrid Angle-bar TrayLIN Chang-qin,HUANG Jie,ZHANG Zhen-ou,ZHANG Xue (Tian gjin Bolon g To we r Ne w Tech nolog y Co ,Ltd,Tia n j in300193,Chin

19、a Abstract:This article makes an overall calculation,analysis and comparison for water feed and theoretical tray number of hal-f water gas scrubber.It also p uts forward new su ggestions on angle-bar tray structure and design.Key w ords:hal-f water gas;scrubber;calculation;trayDesign Summary and Exp

20、ansion Plan for1.5 104t/a Extraction Phosphoric Acid PlantCHEN Min(H unan Ch mica l&Pharmaceu tical Design I nstitute, Changsha,Hunan410007,Ch inaA bstract:This article mainly describes the desi gn idea and com-missioning resul t of two extraction phosphoric acid plants designed by our insti tu te.I

21、t also makes a comparison wi th genera-l purp ose pro-cess flow and raises some suggestions for fu ture development.Key w ords:extraction;phosphor ic acid;comp ound fertilizer;de- signDesign a Product for R enew ing or Obtaining AS ME C redentialsW ANG Jiao-qin(Nin gbo Engineering CO.,Ltd.o f SINOPEC, Ningbo Zhejiang315207,Ch inaA bstract:This article has introduced how to design a pressure ves-sel in detail accordin g to AS ME s tandard.Introduced desi gn methods step by step,such as customer specificati on,calculation vessel for