2018年6月英语六级真题（第二套）.pdf

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1、第 1 页2018 年年 6 月大学英语六级考试真题月大学英语六级考试真题(第第 2 套）套）Part IWriting(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the importance ofbuilding trust between teachers and students.You can cite examples to illustrate your views.Youshould write at least 150 words b

2、ut no more than 200words.Part IIListeningComprehension(30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations At the end of each conversation,you willhear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question,you must cho

3、ose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1with a single line through thecentre.Questions1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A).She advocates animal protection.B).She sells a special kind of coffee.C).She

4、is going to start a cafe chain.D).She is the owner of a special cafe.2.A).They bear a lot of similarities.B).They are a profitable business sector.C).They cater to different customers.D).They help take care of customers pets.3.A).By giving them regular cleaning and injections.B).By selecting breeds

5、that are tame and peaceful.C).By placing them at a safe distance from customers.D).By briefing customers on how to get along withthem.4.A).They want to learn about rabbits.B).They like to bring in their children.C).They love the animals in her cafe.D).They give her cafe favorite reviews.Questions 5

6、to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A).It contains too many additives.B).It lacks the essential vitamins.C).It can causeobesity.D).It is mostly garbage.6.A).Its fancy design.B).TV commercials.C).Its taste and texture.D).Peer influence.7.A).Investing heavily in the production of

7、sweet foods.B).Marketingtheirproducts with ordinary ingredients.C).Trying to trick children into buying their products.D).Offering children more variableto choose from.8.A).They hardly ate vegetables.B).They seldom had junk food.C).They favored chocolate-coated sweets.D).They like the food advertise

8、d on TV.第 1 页 共 9 页第 2 页Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or fourquestions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A),

9、B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1with a single line through thecentre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A).Stretches of farmland.B).Typical Egyptian animal farms.C).Tombs of ancient rulers.D).Ruins left by devastating floods.10.A).It provi

10、des habitats for more primitivetribes.B).It is hardly associated with great civilizations.C).It has not yet been fully explored and exploited.D).It gathers water from many tropical rain forests.11.A).It carries about one fifth of the word freshwater.B).It has numerous human settlements along its ban

11、ks.C).It is second only to the Mississippi River inwidth.D).It is as long as the Nile and the Yangtzecombined.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A).Living a life in the fast lane leads to success.B).We are always in a rush to do various things.C).The search for tranqu

12、ility has become a trend.D).All of us actually yearn for a slow and calmlife.13.A).She had trouble balancing family and work.B).She enjoyed the various social events.C).She was accustomedto tight schedules.D).She spent all her leisure time writing books.14.A).The possibility of ruining her family.B)

13、.Becomingaware of her declining health.C).The fatigue from living a fast-paced life.D).Reading a book about slowing down.15.A).She started to followthe cultural norms.B).She came to enjoy doing everydaytasks.C).She learn to use more politeexpressions.D).She stopped using to-do lists andcalendars.Sec

14、tion CDirections:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or fourquestions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter onAn

15、swer Sheet 1witha single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A).They will root out native species altogether.B).They contribute to a regions biodiversity.C).They pose a threat to the local ecosystem.D).They will crossbreed with native species.

16、17.A).Their classifications are meaningful.B).Their interactions are hard to define.C).Their definitions are changeable.D).Their distinctions are artificial.18.A).Only a few of them cause problems to nativeiB).They may turn to benefit the localenvironmentC).Few of them can survive in their new habit

17、ats.第 2 页 共 9 页第 3 页D).Only 10 percent of them can be naturalized.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have justheard.19.A).Respect their traditional culture.B).Attend their business seminars.C).Research their specific demands.D).Adopt the right business strategies.20.A).Showing them yo

18、ur palm.B).Giving them gifts of great value.C).Drinking alcohol on certain days of a month.D).Clicking your fingers loudly in their presence.21.A).They are very easy tosatisfy.B).They have a strong sense of worth.C).They trend to friendly and enthusiastic.D).They have a break from2:00 to 5:30p.m.Que

19、stions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22.A).He completely changed the companys culture.B).He collected paintings by world-famous artists.C).He took over the sales department of ReadersDigest.D).Hehadthecompanysboardroomextensively renovated.23.A).It should be sold at a reaso

20、nableprice.B).Itsarticles should be short and inspiring.C).It should be published in the worldsleading languages.D).Its articles should entertain blue-andpink-collar workers.24.A).He knew how to make the magazineprofitable.B).He servedas a churchminster for manyyears.C).He sufferedmany setbacks and

21、misfortunesin his life.D).He treated the employeeslike members of his family.25.A).It carried many more advertisements.B).George Grune joined it as an ad salesman.C).Several hundredof its employeesgot fired.D).Its subscriptionsincreased considerably.Part IIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)Section ADi

22、rections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for eachblank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefullybefore making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark t

23、he correspondingletter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of thewords in the bank more thanonce.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the followingpassage.Did Sarah Josepha Hale write“Mary s Little Lamb,”the eternalnursery rhyme(儿歌)about a girl namedMar

24、ywith a stubborn lamb?Thisis still dispute,but its clearthatthe woman26forwritingit was one ofAmericas most fascinating27 _.In honor of the poems publicationon May 24，1830，heres moreabout the28authors life.Hale wasnt just a writer,she was also a29social advocate,and she was particularly30_ with an i

25、dealNew England,whichshe associatedwith abundantThanksgivingmealsthat she claimedhad“a deepmoral influence.”she began a nationwide31to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while第 3 页 共 9 页第 4 页celebrating the32festivals.In 1863,after17 yearsof advocacyincludingletterst

26、o five presidents，Hale got it.PresidentAbrahamLincoln,duringthe Civil War,issued a33the holiday.settingaside the last Thursdayin November forThe true authorshipof“Marys LittleLamb”is disputed.Accordingto NewEnglandHistoricalSociety,Halewrote only one part of the poem,but claimed authorship.Regardles

27、s of the author,it seems that the poem was34by a real event.When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816,it caused someproblems.A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event,then,at some point,Hale herself seemsto have helped writeit.However,if a 1916 pieceby her g

28、reat-nieceis to be trusted,Hale claimedfor theher life that“Some other peoplepretendedthat someoneelse wrotethe poem”.35ofA).campaignB).careerC).charactersD).featuresE).fierceF).inspiredG).latterH).obsessedI).proclamationJ).rectifiedK).reputedL).restM).supposedN).traditionalO).versatileSection BDire

29、ctions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statementcontains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Ans

30、wer thequestions by marking the corresponding letter onAnswerSheet2.Grow Plants Without WaterA.Ever since humanity began to farm our own food,weve faced the unpredictable rain that is bothfriend and enemy.It comes and goes without much warning,and a field of lush(茂盛的)leafygreens one year can dry up

31、and blow away the next.Food security and fortunes depend on sufficientrain,and nowhere more so than in Africa,where 96%of farmland depends on rain instead of theirrigation common in more developed places.It has consequences:South Africas ongoing droughtthe worst in three decades will cost at least a

32、 quarter ofits com crop this year.B.Biologist Jill Farrant of the University of Cape Town in South Africa says that nature has plenty ofanswers for people who want to grow crops in places with unpredictable rainfall.She is hard atwork finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to

33、extreme dry weather and usethem in food crops.As the earths climate changes and rainfall becomeseven lesspredictable insome places,those answers will grow even more valuable.The type of farming Im aiming for isliterally so that people can survive as its going to get more and more dry,Farrantsays.C.E

34、xtreme conditions produce extremely tough plants.In the rusty red deserts of South Africa,steep-sided rocky hills called inselbergs rear up from the plains like the bones of the earth.The hills areremnants of an earlier geological era,scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements.Yet onthese

35、 and similar formations in deserts around the world,a few fierce plants have adapted to endureunder ever-changing conditions.D.Farrant calls them resurrection plants(复苏植物).During months without water under a harsh sun.They wither,shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead grayleaves.But

36、rainfall canrevive them in a matter of hours.Her time-lapse(间歇性拍摄的)videos of the revivals look likesomeone playing a tape of the plants death inreverse.第 4 页 共 9 页第 5 页E.The big difference between drought-tolerant plants and these toughplants:metabolism.Manydifferent kinds of plants have developed t

37、actics to weather dry spells.Some plants store reserves ofwater to see them through a drought;others send roots deep down to subsurface water supplies.Butonce these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply,they cease growingand start to die.They may be able to handle a dr

38、ought of some length,and many people use the termdrought tolerant to describe such plants,but they never actually stop needing to consume water,soFarrant prefers to call them drought resistant.F.Resurrection plants,defined as those capable of recovering from holding less than 0.1 grams of waterpergr

39、am of dry mass,are different.They lack water-storing structures,and their existence on rockfaces prevents them from tapping groundwater,so they have instead developed the ability to changetheir metabolism.When they detect an extended dry period,they divert their metabolisms,producingsugars and certa

40、in stress-associated proteins and other materials in their tissues.As theplant dries,these resources take on first the properties of honey,then rubber,and finally enter a glass-like statethat is the most stable state that the plant can maintain,Farrant says.Thatslowstheplantsmetabolism and protects

41、its dried-out tissues.The plants also change shape,shrinking to minimize thesurface area through which their remaining water might evaporate.They can recover from monthsand years without water,depending on the species.G.What else can do this dry-out-and-revive trick?Seeds-almost all of them.At the s

42、tart of her career,Farrant studied.recalcitrant seeds(执拗性种子),such as avocados,coffee and lychee.While tasty,such seeds are delicate-they cannot bud and grow if they dry out(as you may know if youveevertried to grow a tree from an avocado pit).In the seed world,that makes them rare,because most seeds

43、from flowering plants are quite robust.Most seeds can wait out the dry,unwelcoming seasons untilconditions are right and they sprout(发芽).Yet once they start growing,such plants seem not toretain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems orleaves.H.After completing her Ph.D.on

44、seeds,Farrant began investigating whether itmightbepossible toisolate the properties that make most seeds so resilient(迅速恢复活力的)and transfer them to otherplant tissues.What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are manygenes involved in resurrection plants response to

45、dryness.Many of them are the same that regulatehow seeds become dryness-tolerant while still attached to their parent plants.Now they are trying tofigure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plantsand how to reproduce them in crops.Most genes are

46、regulated by a mastersetofgenes,Farrantsays.Were looking at gene promoters and what would betheir master switch.I.Once Farrant and her colleagues feel they have a better sense of which switches to throw,they willhave to find the best way to do so in useful crops.Im trying three methods of breeding,F

47、arrant says:conventional,genetic modification arid gene editing.She says she is aware that plenty of people donot want to eat genetically modified crops,but she is pushing ahead with every available tool untilone works.Farmers and consumers alike can choose whether or not to use whichever versionpre

48、vails:Im giving people an option.J.Farrant and others in the resurrection business got together last year to discuss the best species ofresurrection plant to use as a lab model.Just like medical researchers use rats to test ideas for humanmedical treatments,botanists use plants that are relatively e

49、asy to grow in a lab or greenhouse settingto test their ideas for related species.The Queensland rock violet is one ofthebeststudiedresurrection plants so far,with a draft genome(基因图谱)published last year by a Chinese team.Also last year,Farrant and colleagues published a detailed molecular study of

50、another candidate,Xerophyta viscosa,a tough-as-nail south African plant with lily-like flowers,and she says that agenome is on the way.one or both of these models will help researchers test their ideas so farmostly done in the lab on test plots.K.Understanding the basic science first iskey.There are