初中英语人教新目标七年级下册Unit 3 How do you get to school单元知识点.doc

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1、七年级英语下册Unit 3知识点【Useful expressions】1.get to school 到达学校2.take the subway 乘地铁3.take the train 乘火车4.take a car 坐小汽车5.take a taxi 乘坐出租车6.take the plane 乘飞机7.take the bus 乘公共汽车8.by bike 骑自行车9.ride a bike 骑自行车10.how far 多远11.from home to school 从家到学校12.every day 每天13.bus stop 公共汽车站14.think of 认为15.betwe

2、enand 在和之间16.one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 17.play with 和玩e true 实现19.have to 不得不20.leave home 离开家21.cross the river 过河22.be afraid of 害怕23.be like 像.【Target sentences】How do you get to school? I ride my bike.2. How long does it take to get to school? It takes about 15 minutes.3. How far is it from y

3、our home to school? Its only about two kilometers.4.Does Jane walk to school?No, she doesnt.She goes by bike.5.Do they take the bus to school?No, they dont.They walk.6.I ride my bike to the subway station.Then I take the subway.7.Mary wants to know where Bob lives.8.Mary wants to know how far he liv

4、es from his grandparents home.9.For many students, it is easy to get to school.10.There is a very big river between their school and the village. 11.One 11-year-old boy, Liangliang, crosses the river every school day.12.But he is not afraid because he loves school.13.Hes like a father to me.【Languag

5、e points】1.take the subway 乘地铁take作动词，意为“乘坐”。“take a/the+表示交通工具的名词”表示乘坐某种交通工具。常见的有：take a/the train 乘火车 take a/the plane 乘飞机take a/the car 乘小汽车 take a/the taxi 乘出租车take a/the (No.1) bus 乘(1路)公共汽车Do you often take the subway to school? No, I usually take the bus.2.How do you get to school? 你怎样到学校？此处h

6、ow引导的特殊疑问句用来询问交通方式。可用以下表达来回答：How does she get to hospital? She rides a bike./ She gets there by bike./She gets there on her bike./She rides there.3.one hundred and five 一百零五(1) 当表示具体的“几百”时，用“数词+hundred”, 此时的hundred必须是单数形式，后接可数名词复数。There are about two hundred teachers in our school.(2) hundreds of 是固

7、定短语，意为“数百的；成百上千的”，表示不确切的数量，不可与具体的数词连用，后接可数名词的复数形式。Hundreds of players take part in the game.4.How long does it take you to get to school? 你到学校要用多长时间？ It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.为固定句式，意为“做某事花费（某人）多长时间”。其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to do sth.。take在句中意为“花费（时间）”。It takes Lily two hours to cook dinner

8、.5.About 15 minutes by bike.骑自行车大约15分钟。by bike 骑自行车by在此处作介词，表示“乘 (交通工具)”。后接表示交通工具的名词。应注意的是，在“by+表示交通工具的名词”结构中，名词前不需要加任何冠词。常见的有：by bus 乘公共汽车 by plane 乘飞机 by train 乘火车 by car 乘小汽车 by taxi 乘出租车 by ship 乘轮船by subway 乘地铁 by boat 乘船 【特别提醒】by后接某些名词，也可表示交通方式，如：by sea(乘船)，by air(乘飞机) ，by water(乘船)。【拓展延伸】“by

9、+表示交通工具的名词”为介词短语，在句中作状语；而take, drive, ride 等为动词，在句中作谓语。两者可进行同义句转化。I usually go to work by bus.= I usually take a bus to work.Do you want to go to Beijing by plane? = Do you want to fly to Beijing?6.Does your dad drive his car to work? drive 在句中作及物动词，意为“开车”。drive ones car to work 相当于 go to work by ca

10、r，意为“开车去上班”。drive 的名词形式为driver (司机；驾驶员)。Mr.Green drives his car to work every day.= Mr.Green goes to work by car every day.【拓展延伸】“drive (sb.) to+地点”意为“开车(送某人)去某地”。Let me drive you to the station.7.lives about five kilometers from school.live v.居住；生活live作不及物动词，其后若接名词作宾语，则要在名词前加相应的介词；若接副词，则不用加介词。My gr

11、andparents live in the countryside.Do you know Tianjin? My uncle lives there.【拓展延伸】live的相关短语： live on sth.以食某物为生Horses live on grass and lions live on meat. live a(n) .life 过着.的生活They live a happy life. 8.bus stop 公共汽车站stop n.车站；停止stop 在此作为名词，意为“车站”。此外，作名词时它还可意为“停止”。Is there a bus stop near here?It

12、is time to put a stop to the war.【易混辨析】stop与stationstop 一般指公共汽车的停靠点或途中乘客上下车的站点。station 一般指火车、客车等的发车点或终点站。【拓展延伸】 stop还可作动词，意为“停止”，常用结构： Im very tired.I want to stop to have a rest. OK.Lets stop walking.9.what he thinks of the trip think of 认为；想起think of 在此处意为“认为”，此外，think of 还有“想起”之意。What do you thin

13、k of the environment in your hometown?I always look at the album when I think of David.【拓展延伸】“What do you think of.?” 意为“你认为怎么样？” ，用于征询别人的看法或意见，相当于“How do you like.?”。What do you think of the book? (=How do you like the book?) 10.Crossing the River to School 过河上学cross v.横过；越过【易混辨析】cross, across与cros

14、singWe cant play mobile phones when we cross (= go across) the street.Turn right at the second crossing.11.For many students, it is easy to get to school.对许多学生来说，到 学校是容易的。It is + adj.+ to do sth.做某事是 的。其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语 to do sth.。It is important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。It is intere

15、sting to play basketball.打篮球很有趣。【易混辨析】 It is + adj.+ for sb.to do sth.与It is + adj.+ of sb.to do sth.12.There is a very big river between their school and the village. betweenand 在和之间；为固定短语，连接两个并列的成分。其中between作介词，用于两者之间，也可用于三者或三者以上的两两之间。There is a school between the hospital and the supermarket.Ther

16、e is a ball between the two desks.She takes the medicine between meals.13.There is no bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats.(1)no det.没有I have no dictionary at hand.= I dont have a dictionary at hand.I have no footballs.=I dont have any footballs.There is no water in the glass.= There is n

17、ot any water in the glass.(2)run v.流动run在此处表示液体的“流动”，在不同的语境中有着不同的含义。The river runs into the sea.He runs very quickly.(此处意为“跑”)(3)boat n.小船We can get to the other side of the lake by boat.【拓展延伸】与boat相关的短语：by boat/take the boat 乘小船 go boating 去划船be in the same boat 处于同样的困境14.One 11-year-old boy, Liang

18、liang, crosses the river every school day.11-year-old 11岁的；是复合形容词，作前置定语修饰名词boy，需注意 year 应用单数形式，11的发音以元音音素开头，其前若有不定冠词，应用 an。Jane is an 11-year-old girl.【易混辨析】.-year-old 与.year(s) old15.But he is not afraid because he loves school.afraid adj.害怕；畏惧；afraid 作形容词，常作表语，其用法如下：16.Hes like a father to me.like

19、 prep.像；怎么样 like 在句中作介词，常构成短语 be like (像.) 或look like (看起来像) ，后接名词或代词作宾语。Kate is like her mother.Your new eraser looks like a car.【拓展延伸】(1) “Whats sb.like?”侧重于询问某人内在的性格、品质等，意为“某人怎么样？”Whats your Chinese teacher like? Hes very kind.(2) “What does sb.look like?” 意为“某人长得怎么样？” ，侧重于询问某人的外表。 What does she

20、look like? She is tall and beautiful, just like her mother.【Grammar Focus】how引导的特殊疑问句1.how是疑问副词，“如何；怎样”，常位于句首，引导特殊疑问句。其结构为：How + 助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他?How + be动词+主语+其他?how引导的特殊疑问句的常见用法如下:2.how long引导的特殊疑问句 用于询问时间的长短，意为“多长时间”。回答时常用表示一段时间的词或短语。 How long does it take you to get to the zoo? About half an ho

21、ur by bus.用于询问物体的长短，意为“多长”。回答时常用表示长度的词或短语。 How long is the rope? Its about ten meters.3.how far引导的特殊疑问句how far 意为多远，用来询问两地之间的距离，常用的答语有：How far is it from here to the station? Its about five kilometers.How far is it from our school to the post office? Its about half an hours drive./Its about half an

22、hour by car. 【拓展延伸】how构成的其他常见疑问短语及其用法:【Topic writing】The Best Way for Me to Go to SchoolDifferent students go to school in different ways in our school, but I llike to go to school on foot.First, I live near the school, so my home is not far from my school.And it takes me a few minutes to get there.

23、Second, there is a crossing on my way to school, and sometimes the traffic is very busy.I think it is safer to go to school on foot.Third, I think walking is good for my health.Its a kind of sport and it makes me study better.So in my opinion, the best way to go to school is on foot.What about you?7