精品解析：辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2019-2020学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）.doc

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1、2019-2020 学年度上学期“抚顺六校协作体”期末考试试题高一英语第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5 分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APeople love to celebrate. Whether its a birthday or a wedding, we enjoy having a reason to relax and have a good time. This is especially true for festivals that welcome

2、spring and summer. Here are some celebrations you may not know about.Carabao is a buffalo(水牛) found in the Philippines, and the Carabao Festival is a day of dancing and revelry(狂欢)in May that celebrates the strong animal that plays such an important role in Filipinos farming economy. The animals are

3、 cleaned before a parade in which 20 or more of themmany decorated with paint and colorful ribbonswalked through the streets.Coopers Hill is a steep, grassy knoll(圆丘 ) near Gloucester, England, which is longer than a football field. Coopers Hill is a late May event in which participants race one ano

4、ther to beat a nine-pound cheese round to the bottom of the hill. The event attracts lots of contestants but is harder than it sounds. Lots of contestants bite the dust before they reach the finish line. The winner gets the cheese.The Boryeong Mud Festival takes place each summer near Seoul, South K

5、orea. Tons of mud are trucked from the Boryeong mud flats to a beach area near the event. People participate in lots of activities, including a mud pool, mud skiing and mudslides. By the time the celebration is over, anyone coated in soft or dried mud can take a short walk to the beach for a quick b

6、ath.La Tomatina is an organized tomato fight that takes place in Bunol, Spain, every August.The festivals origins are unclear, but that hasnt lessened anyones enthusiasm.The battle lasts for about an hour, and participants have to throw squashed(挤烂的) tomatoes to reduce the risk of injury. After the

7、fight, both the people and the streets are covered with tomato guts. Fire trucks then begin the difficult task of washing everything.1. In which celebration can people compete with each other?A. The Carabao Festival.B. Coopers Hill Cheese-rolling Festival.C. The Boryeong Mud Festival.D. La Tomatina

8、Festival.2. When will you go if you want to participate in La Tomatina?A. In May.B. In March.C. In July.D. In August.3. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. An unforgettable celebration.B. Exciting activities.C. Different customs of celebrations.D. Different festivals in Asia

9、.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个“不同的庆祝习俗”。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The event attracts lots of contestants but is harder than it sounds. Lots of contestants bite the dust before they reach the finish line. The winner gets the cheese.“这项活动吸引了许多参赛者，但比听起来要难得多。许多参赛者在到达终点线之前就已经放弃了。获胜者得到奶酪。”由此可知，在Coopers Hi

10、ll Cheese-rolling Festival庆祝活动中人们可以互相竞争。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句La Tomatina is an organized tomato fight that takes place in Bunol, Spain, every August.“La Tomatina是每年八月在西班牙布诺尔举行的一场有组织的西红柿大战。”由此可知，如果你想参加La Tomatina，你应该八月去。故选D项。【3题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段中This is especially true for festivals that welcome sp

11、ring and summer. Here are some celebrations you may not know about.“对于那些迎接春夏的节日来说尤其如此。以下是一些你可能不知道的庆祝活动。”由此可知，这篇文章的最佳主题是“Different customs of celebrations.”故选C项。BIn 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Laboratory.” That was the name students voted for after

12、deciding that “Room 104” was too dull.Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）. He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyones misfortune.Before the school year ended, I gave the kids a special gift, T-shirts wit

13、h the words “Verbs Are Your Friends ” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem dull , most of the fun things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.Through the years, Id run into former students who would provide updates on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several

14、jobs after his graduation from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before . Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man sleep in his truck. Another time, he lent a friend money to buy a house.Just last year, I was conducting a workshop when someone k

15、nocked at the classroom door. A woman excused the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and opened it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a note from Freddys mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this. ”I told the story to the class. As sad as it w

16、as, I couldnt help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all took something from Freddy.4. What do the underlined words “The Thinking Laboratory” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The elementary school where the kids studied.B. “Room104”in which the kids studied.C. The workshop in which the kids c

17、arried out experiments.D. The high school which was fun as well as dull.5. What can we learn about the author?A. She hardly kept in touch with her former students.B. She wrote the passage in 2013 or so.C. She was very strict with her students.D. She gave the kids special gifts after the school year.

18、6. Which of the following words can best describe Freddy?A. modest and daring.B. outstanding and calm.C. generous and creative.D. warm-hearted and caring.7. Whats the authors attitude towards Freddy?A. Cautious.B. Disapproving.C. Uninterested.D. Appreciative.【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了作者的一

19、个学生Freddy既有趣又有同情心。作者在他高中毕业前送给他一件衬衫，上面写着告诫他动词在人生中的重要性。而他在毕业后也保持着乐于助人的品质，但是不幸的是他在若干年后去世了，而那件衬衫也回到了作者的手中，作者以及他的学生都从他身上学到了一些宝贵的品质。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中That was the name students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull.“学生们认为“104号房间”太过沉闷，于是投票选了这个名字。”由此推知，上句Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinki

20、ng Laboratory.”中“The Thinking Laboratory.”的意思是“104号房间”。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句In 1973, I was teaching elementary school.“1973年，我在小学教书。”和第四段第二句I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his graduation from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before .“我了解到Freddy高中毕业后做

21、了几份工作，仍然是我40年前遇到的那个有爱心的人。”由此推知，这篇文章是她在2013年左右写的。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his graduation from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before . Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man sleep in his truck. Anoth

22、er time, he lent a friend money to buy a house.“我了解到Freddy高中毕业后做了几份工作，仍然是我40年前遇到的那个有爱心的人。有一次，他在一家商店通宵工作，让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里。还有一次，他借钱给朋友买房子。”由此推知，Freddy热心和关心他人。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中As sad as it was, I couldnt help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all took something from Freddy.“尽管很伤心，我还

23、是忍不住笑了。虽然Freddy已经离开了我们，但我们都从Freddy身上得到了一些东西。”由此可知，“作者对Freddy是“感激的”。故选D项。【点睛】做推理判断题时，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第4小题，根据最后一段中As sad as it was, I couldnt help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all took something from Freddy.“尽

24、管很伤心，我还是忍不住笑了。虽然Freddy已经离开了我们，但我们都从Freddy身上得到了一些东西。”由此可知，“作者对Freddy是“感激的”。故选D项。CThe Liangzhu ruins in Hangzhou, pointing to an established Chinese civilisation 5,000 years ago, have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. Every Chinese child is taught at school that the countrys civilisation i

25、s 5,000 years old, but proving this beyond doubt has been a problem.Now, a jade artifact(玉器)named “King of Cong”, found in the Liangzhu city ruins near Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has provided an answer. Accordingto radiocarbon dating(放射性碳定年法),the 6.5kg object is 5,300 years old. It is one ofthe la

26、rgest objects among all Cong from Liangzhu. The piece has now won greater global recognition.However, the site has far more than just things made of jade.The main area, spread over14.3 square kilometers in the Yuhang area of Hangzhou, includes not only a citys ruins but 11 dams and several cemeterie

27、s(墓地), all about 5,000 years old. Archaeological facts show that people lived in Liangzhu for about a thousand years.“The archaeological ruins of Liangzhu (3300-2300 BCE) show an early state with a unified belief system based on growing rice in Late Neolithic China(中国新石器时代晚期). ”the UNESCO World Heri

28、tage Committee said.“These ruins are an extremely good example of early city civilisation expressed in town planning, a water conservation system and a social order which can be seen in where and how people were buried in cemeteries within the ruins.”According to studies led by Liu Bin, director of

29、the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the inner part of theancient city ruins covers 2.8 square kilometers, about five times the area of the Forbidden City in Beijing, and the outer city spreads across 6.3 square kilometers. Liu said it was the biggest city ruins site

30、 of its time to be found in China, and was also one of the largest cities of its day in the world.8. _ can prove that China has a civilisation of 5,000 years old?A. The king named Cong.B. The archaeological ruins of Liangzhu.C. The UNESCO World Heritage Committee.D. The historical site at Hangzhou d

31、am.9. What do we know about the ancient Liangzhu city?A. A different system of value in the region.B. The end of Chinese civilisation.C. The biggest city ruins all over the world.D. The whole area9.1 square kilometers.10. Why is the Forbidden City mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To focus on the g

32、reat achievements.B. To inform us of the importance about architecture.C. To stress the large scale of ancient Liangzhu city.D. To present advanced technology and outstanding civilisation.【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍有五千年中华文明的杭州的良渚遗址。它已经被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Liangzhu ruins

33、in Hangzhou, pointing to an established Chinese civilisation 5,000 years ago, have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List.“杭州的良渚遗址已经被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，该遗址指向5000年前的中华文明。”由此可知，良渚的考古遗址可以证明中国有五千年的文明。故选B项。9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中the inner part of the ancient city ruins covers 2.8 square kilometers, about

34、five times the area of the Forbidden City in Beijing, and the outer city spreads across 6.3 square kilometers.“古城遗址的内部面积为2.8平方公里，约为北京紫禁城面积的五倍，外部面积为6.3平方公里。”由此可知，良渚古城整个区域的面积是9.1平方公里。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中the inner part of the ancient city ruins covers 2.8 square kilometers, about five times the ar

35、ea of the Forbidden City in Beijing, and the outer city spreads across 6.3 square kilometers. Liu said it was the biggest city ruins site of its time to be found in China, and was also one of the largest cities of its day in the world.“古城遗址的内部面积为2.8平方公里，约为北京紫禁城面积的五倍，外部面积为6.3平方公里。刘说，这是当时中国最大的城市遗址，也是当

36、时世界上最大的城市之一。”由此推知，作者在最后一段提到紫禁城是为了强调古代良渚城的规模。故选C项。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You know this: continuous learning and improvement are essential to our work and life. But your time is limited and there is only so much you can absorb at a given period. How does one

37、 learn faster and more effectively?If knowledge is power, knowing how to learn effectively is the superpower._11_Use them to absorb more information in a short time, understand content at a deeper level and carry out what youve learned effectively.Increase desirable difficultyLike building muscles,

38、the harder you train, the stronger you get. So does learning. The harder your brain has to work to recall a memory, the greater you increase in learning.This is what separates studying with practicing and testing.Practicing and testing are not equal to studying. They are greater than studying becaus

39、e it requires work to dig out the me memory of what youve studied and learned._12_Instead, increase the desirable difficulties so that you learn and remember the knowledge better over the long run._13_Sleep plays an extremely important role in our cognitive (认知的）development, which includes learning.

40、 While your brain sleeps, the flow of cerebrospinal fluid(脑脊液)in the brain increases and clears out harmful toxins built up during your waking hours.To improve your learning ability, make sure you get enough high-quality sleep every day. If you have the time flexibility, try taking 30 to 60 minutes

41、nap after lunch. Naps are sleeping too.Make use of the environmentOur environment shapes our behavior more than we think or like to admit._14_The environment plays an important role, too. You can use this in two ways.First, the environment we study and practice becomes the cause when were performing

42、. If youre practising for a performance, for example giving a speech, practice it in the same environment where youre going to perform. Doing this makes practicing easier as it goes and it translates into the actual performance as well.You can also use the environment to exposes yourself to many con

43、texts when learning new content or practicing a new skill._15_A. Improve your sleep and take naps.B. Make self-learning effective for you.C. The same goes for learning .D. Here are some skills to help you get closer to the superpower you ever wanted.E. This helps your brain to make more connections

44、for that particular content or skill.F. To learn more effectively, stop avoiding challenges and difficulties.G. Luckily, you can improve efficient learning habits and learning styles help you learn faster.【答案】11. D 12. F 13. A 14. C 15. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。不断学习和进步对我们的工作和生活是必不可少的。但你的时间是有限的，你只能利用有限的时间。文章介绍了更

45、快更有效的学习方法。【11题详解】根据上文提示“如果知识就是力量，那么知道如何有效地学习就是超级力量。”再根据空格下句“用它们来在短时间内吸收更多的信息，在更深层次上理解内容，并有效地执行你所学到的。”承接上下文，D项Here are some skills to help you get closer to the superpower you ever wanted.（这里有一些技巧可以帮助你接近你想要的超能力。）切题。下文中的代词指代的就是该项内容。故选D项。【12题详解】根据下文提示“相反，增加你想要的困难，这样你就能更好地学习和记忆这些知识。”承接下文，F项To learn more

46、 effectively, stop avoiding challenges and difficulties.（为了更有效地学习，停止逃避挑战和困难。）切题。故选F项。【13题详解】该空是一个小标题，结合上下文小标题，此处应该是一个短小精悍的祈使句，在A/B项中选择。根据下文内容“睡眠在我们包括学习在内的认知发展中起着极其重要的作用。”和“为了提高你的学习能力，确保你每天有足够的高质量睡眠。”由此推知，A项 Improve your sleep and take naps.（改善你的睡眠和小睡。）切题。故选A项。【14题详解】根据上文提示“我们所处的环境对我们行为的影响远比我们想象或愿意承认

47、的要大。”再根据空格下文“环境也起着重要的作用。”承接上下文，C项The same goes for learning .（学习也是如此。）切题。故选C项。【15题详解】根据上文提示“在学习新内容或练习新技能时，你也可以利用这个环境来让自己置身于许多情境中”。承接上文，E项This helps your brain to make more connections for that particular content or skill.（这有助于你的大脑为特定的内容或技能建立更多的联系。）切题。故选E项。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20 小题;每小题 1.5

48、分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。What would you do if you were left_16_in the wild? You may have read_17_heard about people who survived under seemingly_18_conditions. These people have been able to survive_19_ concentrating on three basic needs: water, food and shelter.Water is one of the few things necessary to make life_20_ , but fresh water may be difficult_21_. Water can be made_22_by boiling it for three to five minutes. If there is a _23_of water, d