【课件】Unit+5Discover+Useful+Structures+人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册.pptx

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1、Review Attributive ClauseReview Attributive Clause定义定义用作定语的从句用作定语的从句类型类型限制性限制性定语从句定语从句描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主句意；如省去，主句意义不完整或失去意义。义不完整或失去意义。非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句对主句所描述的人或物提供对主句所描述的人或物提供附加情况，起附加情况，起补充说明作用补充说明作用；如省去，主句意义仍完整。；如省去，主句意义仍完整。关系词关系词关系代词关系代词that,which,who,who

2、m,whose,as关系副词关系副词 when,where,why定语从句概述定语从句概述定语从句THE ATRIBUTIVE CLAUSECHAPTER 1CHAPTER 1基本概念和引导词弄清几个相关术语：弄清几个相关术语：1.定语定语2.定语从句定语从句3.先行词先行词4.关系词关系词1.定语：定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的的表示。表示。acleverboytheboilingwaterfallenleavesthemanwhoyo

3、uarelookingfor 在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。结构：先行词+引导词+从句 定语从句 先行词引导词被定语从句所修饰的名词或者代词。引导词又称为关系词。分关系代词和关系副词。作用：1.引导定语从句；2.在从句中作一个成分；3.代替先行词在从句中的位置。定语从句：修饰或限定一个名词、代词或一句话的从句This is the best film that I have seen.定语从句the best film 先行词that关系词关系关系代词代词that指物和人指物和人在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语which指物指物在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾

4、语who指人指人在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语whom在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语whose指人和物指人和物在从句中作在从句中作定语定语as指物指物在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语关系关系副词副词when指时间指时间在从句中作时间状语在从句中作时间状语where指地点指地点在从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语why指原因指原因在从句中作原因状语在从句中作原因状语二、引导定语从句的关系词二、引导定语从句的关系词Relative Pronouns&adverbs定语从句是否缺主干成分定语从句是否缺主干成分（主、宾、表）（主、宾、表）是否关系代词关系代词（that/which/wh

5、o/whom/whose/as）？关系副词（状语）关系副词（状语）（when时时,where地地,why原）原）定语从句THE ATRIBUTIVE CLAUSECHAPTER 2CHAPTER 2定从的分类是指先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词做些附加说明。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往用逗号隔开。限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1.从句修饰先行词，关系词在从句中做成分，且在从句中作宾语时可以省略；Ill never forget the day

6、(that)wespenttogether.2.可以用that引导；That is the very tool thatarelookingfor.3.省去定从则句子意思不完整。限制性定语从句1.从句修饰先行词或者前面的整个句子，或其中一部分。He suddenly fell ill,whichkepthimfromschool.2.不可以用that引导，主句和从句要用逗号隔开；His dog,whichhelikedverymuch,died yesterday.3.从句只是作为主句意义的补充，可以省去。非限制性定语从句关系代词关系代词 vs关系副词关系副词先行词为抽象地点先行词为抽象地点w

7、here引导的定语从句引导的定语从句不能用不能用which或不能用或不能用that的情况的情况介词介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句whose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句as引导的定语从句引导的定语从句定语从句和其他句型定语从句和其他句型 1.Thisisthereason_heexplainedatthemeeting.2.Thisisthereason_Iwanttoquitmyjob.关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词1.Wevisitedafactory_makestoysforchildren.2.Wevisitedafactory_toysaremadeforchi

8、ldren.1.Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmet.2.Illneverforgettheday_Ispentwithyou.which/thatwherewhich/thatwhen1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencestouswaseasytounderstand.2.Theway_hetoldmeispractical.that/inwhichwhich/that 定语从句中，如果缺少定语从句中，如果缺少主语主语或或宾语宾语，则用，则用关系代词关系代词(that/which);如果不缺主语或宾语而缺如果不缺主语或宾语而缺状语状语，则用

9、，则用关系副词关系副词(when/where/why).whywhich/that先行词为抽象地点先行词为抽象地点 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1.Heoftengothimselfintosuchasituation_everythingcouldhappen.2.Areyoufacingasituation_looksimpossibletofix?3.Ihavereachedapointinmylife_Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.4.Readingisanactivity_peopleenjoyalotintheirfreetime.case，s

10、ituation，point，scene，activity，stage，spot等抽象的等抽象的地点名词，在从句中作地点名词，在从句中作状语状语时，用时，用where引导引导;作作主语主语或或宾语宾语时，用时，用that/which.wherewhich/thatwherewhere1.All_isneededismoneyandhands.2.Thethirdplace_wearegoingtovisitisHangzhou.3.Hestheonlyboyinourcity_enterstheBeijingUniversity.4.Shedescribedinhercompositionst

11、hepeopleandplaces_impressedhermost.5.Whoisthegirl_drovethecar?不能用不能用which 不能用不能用that1.Hecameupwithasuggestion,_provedtobemorethanpractical.2.Thisisthegreatmomentto_Ilookforward.thatthatthatthatthatwhichwhich1.当先行词是指物的当先行词是指物的不定代词或被不定代词所修饰时不定代词或被不定代词所修饰时2.当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰时当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰时3.当

12、先行词被当先行词被thevery,theonly,thenext,thelast等所修饰等所修饰时时4.当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时5.当主句是以当主句是以who或或which开头的特殊疑问句时。开头的特殊疑问句时。2.当先行词是物，且关系词位于介词后时，不能用当先行词是物，且关系词位于介词后时，不能用that1.引导非限定性定语从句时，不能用引导非限定性定语从句时，不能用that介词介词 关系代词关系代词1.Doyouknowtheboy_yourmotheristalking?2.Hegavemesomenovels_Iamnotvery

13、familiar.3.Istillremembertheday_IfirstgottoParis.4.Hehasthreebrothers,_LiLeiistheyoungestone.根据介词和定语从句中动词的习惯搭配。根据介词和定语从句中动词的习惯搭配。根据介词和定语从句中形容词的习惯搭配。根据介词和定语从句中形容词的习惯搭配。根据介词和先行词的习惯搭配。根据介词和先行词的习惯搭配。在非限制定语从句中表示在非限制定语从句中表示”所有关系所有关系”或或”整体中的一部分整体中的一部分”，用，用ofwhich/ofwhomtowhomwithwhichonwhichofwhom=the+n.+o

14、f which/whom1.Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.2.Herparentswouldntlethermarryanyone_familywasverypoor.3.Imadeatable,_surfaceisquitesmooth.Imadeatable,_isquitesmooth.Imadeatable,_isquitesmooth.whosewhosewhosethesurfaceofwhichofwhichthesurfacewhose引导定语从句时引导定语从句时,通常可与通常可与ofwhich/ofwhom引导的

15、引导的定语从句进行转换。定语从句进行转换。whose是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词，在从句中作定是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词，在从句中作定语，也就是说当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，语，也就是说当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表示表示“的的”，它既可以指代，它既可以指代人人，也可以指代，也可以指代物物，既，既可引导可引导限制限制性定语从句，也可以引导性定语从句，也可以引导非限制非限制性定语从句。性定语从句。的用法的用法As引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句1.Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllike.2.Thisissointerestinga

16、book_wealllike.3.Heisascleveraboy_youcanimagine.as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成修饰，即构成suchas,thesameas,soas,结构，结构，做题时容易忽略。做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。宾语或表语。asasas1._isannouncedintodaysnewspaper,wemustimproveourstyleofwork.2.Hemarriedher,_wehadexpected.3.Th

17、ingswillturnoutcontrarytooneswishes,_isoftenthecase.As引导的引导的非非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句as引导的从句，指代整个主句，可位于主句之前之中或之后。引导的从句，指代整个主句，可位于主句之前之中或之后。as引导从句时，有引导从句时，有“正如正如”之意。之意。常用常用as引导的结构：引导的结构：Asasasasiswellknown/isknowntoallashasbeensaidbeforeashasbeenalreadypointedoutasweallcanseeasisexpected/hoped/supposedasisoft

18、enthecaseasoftenhappens常用常用as引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句定语从句定语从句 其他句型其他句型 Itwasinthishouse_hewasborn.Itwasthehouse_hewasborn.定语从句和强调句定语从句和强调句定语从句和同位语从句定语从句和同位语从句Weallhaveheardthenews_ourteamwon.Wedontbelievethenews_hetoldusyesterday.thatwherethatthat/whichHeissuchakindperson_everybodylikes.Heissuchakindp

19、erson_everybodylikeshim.定语从句和状语从句定语从句和状语从句Mr.Lihasthreedaughters,noneof_isanengineerMr.Lihasthreedaughters,butnoneof_isadancer定语从句和并列句定语从句和并列句asthatwhomthemTheveryfilm1iscalledTitanicissuchabeautifulandsadlovestory2ispopularwiththepublic,3heroandheroineareJackandLucy.Lucyisayoungbeautifulwomanwith4h

20、ermotherwenttoAmerica.Jack,5wonashipticketbyplayingcards,isapoorpainter.TheymetandfeltinlovewitheachotheronTitanic6theyhadahappytime.Sadly,thenicejourneywasdestroyedbyanunexpectedstorm,in7JacklosthislifeforsavingLucy(everyonewillbemovedbythataswhosewhomwhowherewhich当堂检测当堂检测theselflessway8mostpeoplec

21、antbehaveinreallife).BeforeJackleftLucyforever,heencouragedLucytolivewellforhim.9isknowntoall,loveisthestrongeststrength.Andthatsthereason10Lucycouldlivealoneandtoldusthemovingstory.thatAswhyPRACTICE 改正下列句子中的错误。1.The book that you need it is in the library 2.Those who has finished may go home 3.He i

22、s the only one of the teachers who know French in our school 4.This is one of the rooms that is free now 5.Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth 6.I still remember the day on that I first came to Beijing haveknowsarewho/thatwhich易错对比练习易错对比练习1.1)MrLihasthreedaughters，noneof_isanengineer2)M

23、rLihasthreedaughters，butnoneof_isadancer2.1)Itwaselevenoclock_theywentoutofthecinema.2)Itwasatelevenoclock_theywentoutofthecinema.3.1)Itwasinthehospital_hecameacrossafriendofhis.2)Itwasthehospital_hecameacrossafriendofhis.4.1).Weshouldgototheplace_wearemostneeded.2).Weshouldgototheplace_needsusmost.

24、5.1)MotherdidntcomebackonDecember25,_wasmybirthday.2)Mother didnt come back home on December 25,_she was busyworking.whomthemwhenthatwherethatwherewhich/thatwhichwhen6.1)Thisistheroom_helivedinhischildhood.2)Thisistheroom_helivedinlastyear.7.1)Theteacherdidntknowthereason_shewasabsentyesterday?2)The

25、teachercouldntacceptthereason_sheexplainedyesterday?8.1)Wemustlearntoactinways_donotharmotherlivingthings.2)Idontliketheway_hespoketohismother.3)Thisistheway_hethoughtoftosolvetheproblem.9.1)Heissuchagoodteacher_wealllike.2)Heissuchagoodteacher_wealllikehim.3)Heisagoodteacher,_makesusrespecthim.10.1

26、)Ricedoesntgrowwell_thereisnotenoughwater.2)Istillrememberthefarm_myparentsworkedtenyearsago.wherewhichwhywhich/thatwhich/thatthat/inwhich/不填不填which/thatasthatwhichwherewhere11.1)_weallknow,Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.2)_iswell-knownthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.3)_iswell-knowntousallisthatChi

27、naisrichinnaturalresources.12.1)Imsurprisedatall_hesaidatthemeeting.2)Imsurprisedat_hesaidatthemeeting.13.1)_leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.2)_wholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.3)_wholeavetheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.14.1)Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilms_shownlastweek.2)T

28、hisistheveryoneofthemostinterestingfilms_shownlastweek.WhoeverWhatAnyoneThosethatwerethatwasAsItthatwhat15.1)Hestilllivesintheroom_windowfacestotheeast.2)Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindow_whichfacestotheeast.3)Hestilllivesintheroom_isinthenorthofthecity.4)Hestilllivesintheroom_thereisabeautifultable.1

29、6.1).Isthismuseum_theyvisitedyesterday?2).Isthisthemuseum_theyvisitedyesterday?3).Isthismuseum_theystayedyesterday?4).Isthisthemuseum_theystayedyesterday?5).Isthemuseum_youvisitedyesterdaybeautiful?6).Itwasthemuseum_yousawmanytreasures.7).Itwasinthemuseum_yousawmanytreasures.8).Itwasinthemuseum_yous

30、tayedinthatyousawmanytreasures.theonethat/which/不填不填wherethat/which/不填不填wherethat/which/不填不填wherethatwhoseofwhich/thatwhere17.1)_isknownisthathehasgonetocollege.2)_isknownthathehasgonetocollege.3)_isknown,hehasgonetocollege.4)Weallknow_hehasgonetocollege.5)Hehasgonetocollege,_madeussurprised.6)Hehas

31、gonetocollegeand_madeussurprised.7)Hehasgonetocollege,_surprisedus.8)_surprisedusmostwas_hehasgonetocollege.18.1)HearrivedinBeijingin1984,_hebecameamanagersomeyearslater.2)HearrivedinBeijingin1984,_wasimportantforhim.3)HearrivedinBeijingin1984,_hewasalreadyinhisfifties.4)Itwasin1984_hearrivedinBeijing.ItWhatAsthatitwhichWhatwhichthatwherewhichwhenthat