高考英语阅读理解真题及解析答案,高考英语阅读理解词汇.doc

《高考英语阅读理解真题及解析答案,高考英语阅读理解词汇.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语阅读理解真题及解析答案,高考英语阅读理解词汇.doc（174页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专题01 广告应用类序号内容Part 1题型总览题型综述 技巧点拨 读相关词Part 2真题感悟真题详解 强重难词 析长难句.Part 3专题强化真题自测 新题模拟Part 1题型总览【题型综述】广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。几乎每年的高考英语试题都有一篇是关于广告信息的阅读理解，一般占6分或8分。广告英语与普通英语存在许多差异， 广告具有鲜明的目的性， 即说服顾客进行购买， 这种目的性决定了其语言的特色和风格， 使其独立于其他文体。 广告的题材包括旅游广告、招聘广告、生活指南、通知告示、使用规则、注意事项、商品说明等。广告的语言特点是人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多

2、；词汇较生僻， 语言不规范， 结构不完整。广告内容一般包括：主题名称、生产(举办)单位、优点、时间分配，价格及联系方式等。另外广告中会有很多首字母大写的专有名词出现，如公司名，单位名，人名，大学名，地名，活动名等，理解即可，不认识也不必惊慌。【技巧点拨】根据广告类阅读材料的特点，常用题干定位法解题，用补全成分法和联想推测法来解读广告内容会得到事半功倍的效果。可以充分利用人名、地名、加粗的标题、小标题、加下划线的语句等进行定位，从而提高阅读和解题速度。【读相关词】1. advertise v. 广告advertisement n广告2. apply vt. 申请；应用 applicant n.

3、申请者3. reservation n. 预订；预约4. available adj. 可利用的5. admission n. 准许进入，入场（费）6. practical adj. 实用的；实践的 7. community n. 社区，社会8. consumer n. 消费者9. device n. 设备10. advertising agency 招聘广告11. consumers n. 消费者12. promotion n. 促销13. slogan n. 口号14. competition n. 竞争15. creativity n. 创造性；创造力16. sample n. 样品17

4、. engage in 从事于18. recommend vt. 推荐19. ticket office 售票处20. access n.通道，入径，（使用或见到的）权利，机会21. TEL电话（Telephone）22. ad广告（Advertisement）23. add.地址（Address）24. ID身份证（Identification Card）25. No.号码/编号（Number）26. yd.（Yard）码 27. ft.（Foot）英尺28. hr. (Hour); 小时29. min.(Minute); 分30. sec.(Second)秒31. vs对，相对32. i.

5、e.即，换言之33. esp.尤其，特别Part 2真题感悟Passage 1【真题详解】【2020全国新课标I】Train InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensur

6、e trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property(失物招领)Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to

7、5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.Public holidaysOn public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day ti

8、metable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains (outbound)DepartO

9、riginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9:52pm11:02pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22am21What would you do get ticker information?ACall 13 16 17.BVisit translink .com.au.CAsk at the local station.DCheck the train schedule.

10、22At which station can you find the lost property office?AAltandi.BRoma Street.CVarsity Lakes.DFortitude Valley.23Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A6:42 pm.B7:29 pm.C8:57 pm.D11:02 pm.【答案】21C22B23B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。21细节理解题。根据第一段中For

11、ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。22细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此

12、可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。23细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。【固重难词】1. valid adj.有效的2. ensure vt. 保证，确保；使安全3. guarantee n.保证4. property n. 性质，性能；财产；所有权5. operate vi.运转；工作；操作6. mobility n. 移动性；机动性；7. ac

13、cess n.通道；进入；机会；使用权8. in possession of 拥有，占有9. make every effort to 尽一切努力做（某事）10. as scheduled如期；按照预定时间11. be located at 位于位置【析长难句】1. All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. 【解析】本句中的travelling on TransLink services是现在分词做All customers 的后

14、置定语，in possession of 是拥有的意思；before boarding 是时间状语。【译文】所有使用联运服务的乘客在登机前必须持有有效机票。【仿写】_2. While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.【解析】本句中的While引导的是让步状语从句，makes every effo

15、rt to是从句中的谓语，且含有as scheduled省略了（it is）的状语从句，主句是there be句型。【译文】虽然昆士兰铁路尽一切努力确保火车按时运行，但不能保证火车之间或火车服务与公共汽车服务之间的连接。【仿写】_Passage 2【真题详解】【2020全国卷III，A】Journey Back in Time with ScholarsClassical Provence(13days)Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will v

16、isit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.Southern Spain(15days)Spain has lovely white towns and the scen

17、t(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.Chinas Sacred Landscape

18、s(21days)Discover the China of past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处)include Chinas most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbous rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with a

19、n exceptional museum in Shanghai.Tunisia(17days)Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，unique for underground cities. Our jo

20、urney takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？A. Historical monuments.B. Fields of flowers.C. Van Goghs paintings.D. Greek buildings.22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？A. France.B. Spain

21、.C. China.D. Tunisia.23. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？A. White towns.B. Underground cities.C. Tile-roofed villages.D. Rolling hills.【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名景点。21. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一部分的We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. (我们将参观一些世

22、界上保存最完好的罗马建筑遗迹)和第二部分的we explore historical monuments and architecture.(我们探索历史遗迹和建筑)可知，在Classical Provence 和Southern Spain游客们可以参观历史遗迹。A. Historical monuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选A项。22. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三部分的Chinas Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21天)和Discover the China of past ages, its walled cities, temples

23、and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. Highlights include Chinas most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhous rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples (和Robert教授一起发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运河和宁静的寺庙)可知，去中国的神山之行总共有27天，而且Thorp对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。C. China(中国)符合

24、以上说法，故选C项。23. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四部分的Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for underground cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是Bulla Regia的首府，Roman Sbeitla以及在Tarao

25、unine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点是地下城市。B. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上说法，故选B项。【固重难词】12. scholars n. 学者们（scholar的复数）13. best-preserved 被很好保护的14. monuments n. 遗迹；纪念物；不朽的功业；有永久价.15. tile-roofed瓦屋顶16. scent n. 气味；嗅觉；痕迹；察觉能力vt. 闻到；发觉；使充满的气味； vi. 发出的气味；有的迹象；17. treasury n. 国库，金库；财政部；宝库18. architec

26、ture n. 建筑学；建筑风格；建筑式样；架构19. highlights n. 拔萃，集锦；挑染（highlight的复数形式）v. 使突出（highlight的三单形式）；强调20. exceptional adj. 异常的，例外的 n. 超常的学21. in-depth adj. 彻底的，深入的22. picturesque adj. 独特的；生动的；别致的；图画般的【析长难句】1. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. 【解析】句中的includes是谓语，a

27、 chance to do是有机会做某事的意思。【译文】我们的旅行还包括一个追寻Van Gogh and Gauguin足迹的机会。【仿写】_2. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.【解析】句中的enrich是使丰富的意思，en+adj./adj+en变成了动词，如：enlarge（使扩大），widen（加宽），broaden（拓宽）encourage（鼓励）【译文】鲜花、瓦屋顶的村庄和美味的饭菜丰富了这次美妙的体验。【仿写】_3. Spain

28、 has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. 【解析】but链接前后两个简单句，在第二个分句中including引导的短语做remains的后置定语，cities后面的过去分词left做the cities的后置定语。【译文】西班牙有着白色可爱的城镇和气味芳香的橘子,但它也是一个古代遗迹的宝库，包括希腊人,罗马人,阿拉伯人留下的城市。

29、【仿写】_Part 3专题强化Passage 1【真题自测】【2020全国新高考II山东卷】POETRY CHALLENGEWrite a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life. Prizes3 Grand Prizes：Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winners choice. Trip i

30、ncludes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World. 6 First Prizes：The book Sky Pioneer：A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch. 50 Honorable Mentions：Ju

31、dges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight. RulesFollow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines. Write by hand or type on a si

32、ngle sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper. On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date. Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year. 1881. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip? （ ）A. Two. B.

33、 Three. C. Four. D. Six. 2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get? （ ）A. A plane ticket. B. A book by Corinne Szabo. C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart. 3. Which of the following will result in disqualification? （ ）A. Typing your poem out. B. Writing a poem of 120 words

34、. C. Using both sides of the paper. D. Mailing your entry on October 30. 【答案】1.A2.C3.B【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。1.细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winners choice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因

35、此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Wri

36、te a poem using 100 words or fewer”可知，所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则，将会被取消资格。故结合选项，B选项（写一首120字的诗）是会被取消资格的。故选B。Passage 2【真题自测】【2019北京卷】 Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA). Whatever stage of l

37、ife youre at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in th

38、e safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also d

39、esign an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7

40、-week programmes:CountrySchedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul. 1 Aug.20 Jun. 7 Aug.Egypt24 Jul. 20 Aug.19 Jun. 6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul. 16 Aug.18 Jun. 5 Aug.South Africa2 Aug. 29 Aug.15 Jun. 2 Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our

41、 help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website:www.

42、glodeve.orgEmail:humanresourcesglodeve.org21What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?ATo seek local partners.BTo take in young volunteers.CTo carry out programmes.DTo foster cultural awareness.22The programme beginning in August will operate in _.AEgyptBAlgeriaCKenyaDSouth Africa23The s

43、hared goal of GDAs projects to _.Aexplore new culturesBprotect the environmentCgain corporate benefitDhelp communities in need【答案】21C22D23D【解析】本文是一则广告。Global Development Association(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些有价值的事。文章为GDA招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。21细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending on w

44、hich role you choose, you could help to increase .,or help to project.You might also design.可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。22细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个South Africa 2 Aug29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，答案选D。23细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据第一段youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community.和倒数第二段中All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选D。P