专题一 阅读理解-主题4 人与社会·文学、艺术与体育-题组二.pptx

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1、专题一 阅读理解主题4 人与社会文学、艺术与体育专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）题组二题组二Passage 1（2023全国卷甲，C，8分）I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarders Sophies World.It was full of ideas that were new to me,so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.It spoke to me and brought me into a world of

2、 philosophy（哲学）.That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college.Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault,Baudrillard,or Confucius better than you and then try to explain them.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）Eric Weiners The Socrates Express:In Search

3、of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy.It is not an explanation,but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosophers work in the context（背景）of one thing they can

4、 help us do better.The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates,see like Thoreau,listen like Schopenhauer,and have no regrets like Nietzsche.This,more than a book about understanding philosophy,is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）

5、He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences,and he does so with plenty of humor.Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history,and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding（解读）their messages

6、 and adding his own interpretation.The Socrates Express is a fun,sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire,loneliness,and aging.The invitation is clear:Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book.I

7、encourage you to take his offer.Its worth your time,even if time is something we dont have a lot of.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）1.Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?()CA.Foucault.B.Eric Weiner.C.Jostein Gaarder.D.A college teacher.解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarders

8、Sophies World和It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy（哲学）可知，Jostein Gaarder的苏菲的世界把作者带进了一个哲学的世界。故Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了哲学大门。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）2.Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?()DA.To compare Weiner with them.B.To give examples of great works.C.To prais

9、e their writing skills.D.To help readers understand Weiners book.解析 推理判断题。通读第四段，特别是该段尾句This,more than a book about understanding philosophy,is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life可知，在列举了几位伟大的哲学家后，作者指出，这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习如何运用哲学来改善生活的书。据此可以推知，作者列举几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者更好地理解Weiner的这本

10、书。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）3.What does the author like about The Socrates Express?()BA.Its views on history are well-presented.B.Its ideas can be applied to daily life.C.It includes comments from readers.D.It leaves an open ending.解析 推理判断题。根据第五段的He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise tha

11、t improves the quality of our experiences可知，在苏格拉底快车这本书中，作者使哲学思考成为一种吸引人的体验，可以提高我们的（人生）经历的质量。结合常识可以推知，苏格拉底快车的思想可以用于日常生活中，故B项正确。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）4.What does the author think of Weiners book?()DA.Objective and plain.B.Daring and ambitious.C.Serious and hard to follow.D.Humorous and straightforward

12、.解析 推理判断题。根据第五段的he does so with plenty of humor可知，该书 使用了大量幽默的语言；根据尾段第一句The Socrates Express is a fun,sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire,loneliness,and aging 可知，苏格拉底快车因显而易见的简单而吸引读者，并逐渐将他们带入对欲望、孤独和衰老的更深层次的思考。据此可以推知，Weiner

13、的书幽默且易懂，故D项正确。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）【核心词汇】reawaken vt.勾起，唤起；再次引发（感情、回忆等）conversation n.（非正式的）谈话，交谈process n.过程，进程；步骤，程序apparent adj.显而易见的，易懂的；貌似的，表面上的pick up 拿起；学会；接人解读：本文重点介绍了哲学著作苏格拉底快车，该书语言幽默，陈述直白，却能让读者深刻思考日常生活中的欲望、孤独等哲学问题。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）Passage 2（2022新高考卷，D，10分）As we age,even if were hea

14、lthy,the heart just isnt as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s.And among people who dont exercise,the changes can start even sooner.Think of a rubber band.In the beginning,it is flexible,but put it in a drawer for 20 years

15、 and it will become dry and easily broken,says Dr.Ben Levine,a heart specialist at the University of Texas.Thats what happens to the heart.Fortunately for those in midlife,Levine is finding that even if you havent been an enthusiastic exerciser,getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.

16、专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy.Participants were randomly divided into two groups.The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic（无氧）exercise balance training and weight train

17、ing three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.After two years,the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts

18、,says Levine.And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump（泵送）a lot more专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）blood during exercise.But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didnt change,he says.The sweet spot in life to start

19、 exercising,if you havent already,is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,Levine says.We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program,and nothing happened to them at all.Dr.Nieca Goldberg,a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association,says Levines findin

20、gs are a great start.But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）1.What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?()DA.The right way of e

21、xercising.B.The causes of a heart attack.C.The difficulty of keeping fit.D.The aging process of the heart.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段Dr.Ben Levine的话Think of a rubber band.it will become dry and easily broken以及Thats what happens to the heart可知，Levine想通过橡皮筋来解释心脏的衰老过程，故选D项。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）2.In which aspect w

22、ere the two groups different in terms of research design?()CA.Diet plan.B.Professional background.C.Exercise type.D.Previous physical condition.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The first group.more days a week可知，第一组每周参加三次无氧运动平衡训练和重量训练，第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。由此可知，两组在研究设计上的差异是运动类型不同，故选C项。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）3

23、.What does Levines research find?()AA.Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.B.High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.C.It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.D.The more exercise we do,the stronger our hearts get.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The second group.in hea

24、rt health可知，第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。再根据第四段中的We took these.35-year-old hearts可知，这些50岁的心脏回到了30或35岁时的状态。由此可知，Levine的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻，故选A项。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）4.What does Dr.Nieca Goldberg suggest?()CA.Making use of the findings.B.Interviewing the study participants.

25、C.Conducting further research.D.Clarifying the purpose of the study.解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的But the study.the biggest difference可知，这项研究的规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。由此可知，Nieca Goldberg博士建议进行进一步的研究。故选C项。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）【核心词汇】efficient adj.有能力的，效率高的enthusiastic adj.热情的；热烈的；满腔热忱的randomly adv.随意地 participate v.参与；参加remarkable adj.显著的；引人注目的；非凡的flexibility n.灵活性 aspect n.方面【熟词新义】age 常用义：n.年龄 本文义：v.变老解读：研究发现，锻炼对心脏有好处。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组二题组二（）译文：幸运的是，对于那些中年人来说，Levine发现，即使你不热衷锻炼，现在锻炼身体也可能有助于改善你衰老的心脏。