专题一 阅读理解-主题5 人与社会·历史、社会与文化-题组六.pptx

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1、专题一 阅读理解主题5 人与社会历史、社会与文化专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）题组六题组六Passage 1（2021全国卷乙，B，8分）When almost everyone has a mobile phone,why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座机）？These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone

2、.In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket.Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere,anytime.Still,55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter（29%）rely only on their smartphones,according to a survey（调查）.Of those Australians who s

3、till have a landline,a third concede that its not专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes

4、are still choosing to stick with their home phone.Age is naturally a factor（因素）only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then,compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.Age isnt the only factor;Id say its also to do with the makeup o

5、f your household.Generation Xers with young families,like my wife and I,can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）family member.That said,to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parent

6、s,to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.How attached are you to your landline?How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）1.What does paragraph 2 m

7、ainly tell us about mobile phones?()BA.Their target users.B.Their wide popularity.C.Their major functions.D.Their complex design.解析 段落大意题。根据第二段中的关键信息youd be hard pressed to find anyone.who doesnt own a mobile phone plenty of younger kids have one和everyone can make and receive calls可知，手机在澳大利亚非常普遍，故B项

8、正确。A项（手机的目标用户）、C项（手机的主要功能）和D项（手机的复杂设计）在第二段都没有涉及。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）2.What does the underlined word concede in paragraph 3 mean?()AA.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket.in case of emergencies可知，调查显示，在仍然使用座机的澳大利亚人中，

9、有三分之一的人认为座机并不是真的有必要，他们只是把座机看作一种安全保障。由此可推断，画线词concede的含义与admit相近，表示承认，故A项正确。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）【技巧点拨】常用的解答词义猜测题的方法有：利用句间逻辑关系（如同义逻辑关系、反义逻辑关系、因果逻辑关系等）猜测词义；利用语法关系（如下定义、同位语、举例、定语从句和标点符号等）猜测词义；利用构词法则（合成法、派生法和转化法等）猜测词义。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）3.What can we say about Baby Boomers?()CA.They like smartphon

10、e gamesB.They enjoy guessing callers identity.C.They keep using landline phones.D.They are attached to their family.解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的关键信息84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years可推知Baby Boomers坚持用座机的时间已经很长了；第五段的the only people who ever ring our home phone are our B

11、aby Boomers parents可进一步证实，Baby Boomers一直在使用座机，故C项正确。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）4.What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?()BA.It remains a family necessity.B.It will fall out of use some day.C.It may increase daily expenses.D.It is as important as the gas light.解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句H

12、ow long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?可知，座机迟早会像煤气路灯和晨间牛奶递送服务一样退出我们的生活。故B项正确。【解题指导】本段提到了 go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries，我们首先要了解gas street lamps已不复存在，morning milk deliveries也已消失。作者以问句的形式将座机与两者相比较，暗示了座机的未来，由此可推知座机有一天也会像它们一样不再被使用。专题一专题一

13、 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）【核心词汇】be hard pressed to do sth.做某事有困难category n.类别，种类 stick with继续使用,不放弃that said（用以缓和语气）话虽如此attached adj.依恋，爱慕，附属于解读：现在，几乎每个人都有一部手机，但超过半数的澳大利亚家庭仍然使用座机。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）【高级句式】&1&专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）Passage 2（2021全国卷乙，D，8分）During an interview for one of my books，my intervie

14、wer said something I still think about often.Annoyed by the level of distraction（干扰）in his open office，he said，Thats why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street so I can focus.His comment struck me as strange.After all，coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局

15、）.But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background，from total silence to

16、 50专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）decibels（分贝），70 decibels，and 85 decibels.The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant；however，the participants in the 70 decibels group those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop significantly outperformed

17、 the other groups.Since the effects were small，this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.But since the results at 70 decibels were significant，the study also suggests that the right level of background noise

18、 not too loud and not total silence may actually improve ones creative thinking ability.The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）imaginations to wander，without making it impossible to focus.This kind of distracte

19、d focus appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.So why do so many of us hate our open offices?The problem may be that，in our offices，we cant stop ourselves from getting drawn into others conversations while were trying to focus.Indeed，the researchers found that face-to-face intera

20、ctions and conversations affect the creative process，and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）1.Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?()AA.It helps him concentrate.B.It blocks out b

21、ackground noise.C.It has a pleasant atmosphere.D.It encourages face-to-face interactions.解析 细节理解题。由题干中的coworking space可把解题信息定位在第一段中的Thats why I.at the coworking space.so I can focus,由此可知采访者之所以喜欢共享办公区域是因为他能集中注意力。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）2.Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ab

22、ility?()CA.Total silence.B.50 decibels.C.70 decibels.D.85 decibels.解析 细节理解题。由题干中的promote creative thinking ability可把解题信息定位在第三段首句But since the results at 70 decibels were significant.the right level of background noise.may actually improve ones creative thinking ability，再结合第二段的50 decibels（分贝），70 deci

23、bels，and 85 decibels.the participants in the 70 decibels group.significantly outperformed the other groups可知，在70分贝的噪声背景环境中，人们的创造性思维可能会得到更好的发挥。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）3.What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?()DA.Personal privacy unprotected.B.Limited working space.C.Restrictions on group

24、discussion.D.Constant interruptions.解析 细节理解题。题干内容与第四段首句信息一致。根据第四段中的The problem.we cant stop ourselves from getting drawn into others conversations while were trying to focus以及a coworking space or a coffee shop.providing freedom from interruptions可知，在开放办公室办公，人们易受打扰。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）4.What can w

25、e infer about the author from the text?()DA.Hes a news reporter.B.Hes an office manager.C.Hes a professional designer.D.Hes a published writer.解析 推理判断题。根据文章首句During an interview for one of my books,my interviewer.often可以推测出作者的身份是一位出版作家。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组六题组六（）【核心词汇】randomly adv.随意地 chatter n.喋喋不休，唠叨的话outperform v.做得比好，胜过distracted adj.思想不集中的，心烦意乱的get drawn into 使卷入，使参与解读：本文讲述了作者对人们放弃使用自己的开放办公室，而选择在共享办公区域办公的思考。