中考英语人教版一轮复习专题突破+学案+话题14　自然与环境.docx

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1、话题14自然与环境话题分析：自然这一话题涉及范围非常广泛，该话题通常围绕以下四个方面展开：1.世界主要国家的地理位置，不同地区的生态特征与自然景观；2.自然环境，如天气、气候等；3.自然资源，如水、森林等；4.如何保护自然资源以及如何与自然和谐相处。话题链接：教材分册单元话题标题人教版七下Unit 5Animals in a zooWhy do you like pandas？七下Unit 7The weatherIts raining！八下Unit 5Unforgettable eventsWhat were you doing when the rainstorm came？八下Unit

2、7Facts about the worldWhats the highest mountain in the world？外研版七上Module 6AnimalsA trip to the zoo八上Module 6AnimalsAnimals in danger八上Module 10WeatherThe weather八下Module 3The universeJourney to space八下Module 8Tourism and natureTime off九上Module 1Nature and travelWonders of the world九上Module 10Countr

3、ies and nationalitiesAustraliaAHow many animals can we see there?BYes，Ive got a map.CWhat do you know about it?DYes.Thats right.EThats a good idea.FWhat kind of animals will we see there?A: We have to meet the others at 8：30 at the reserve(自然保护区)，dont we?B: 1. A: Do you know how to get there?B: 2. I

4、tll take us about two hours to get there by bus.A: 3. B: Its an area that protects lots of different animals.A: 4. B: Im not really sure.I know there are many different kinds of birds there and Im going to take my camera with me.A: 5. What clothes are you going to wear?B: Well，if its wet，Ill wear my

5、 strong shoes and take my raincoat with me.A: So will I.答案1.D2.B3.C4.F5.EPart 1话题基础梳理1season(n.)季节2weather(n.)天气3sunny(adj.)晴朗的4rainy(adj.)下雨的rain(n.)雨(v.)下雨5snowy(adj.)下雪的 snow(n.)雪(v.)下雪6windy(adj.)刮风的wind(n.)风7cloudy(adj.)多云的cloud(n.)云8warm(adj.)温暖的9cool(adj.)凉快的10hot(adj.)热的11cold(adj.)冷的12wet(a

6、dj.)潮湿的13dry(adj.)干燥的14storm(n.)暴风雨15blow(v.)刮风16freeze(v.)结冰17terrible(adj.)糟糕的18heavily(adv.)猛烈地19degree(n.)度数20temperature(n.)温度21spring(n.)春季22summer(n.)夏季23autumn(n.)秋季24winter(n.)冬季1umbrella(n.)雨伞2raincoat(n.)雨衣3hat/cap(n.)帽子4coat(n.)外套5thick coat 厚外套1cat(n.)猫2cow(n.)奶牛3dog(n.)狗4duck(n.)鸭5hen(

7、n.)母鸡6pig(n.)猪7sheep(n.)绵羊8horse(n.)马9rabbit(n.)兔10panda(n.)熊猫11fox(n.)狐狸12monkey(n.)猴子13tiger(n.)老虎14lion(n.)狮子15bear(n.)熊16fish(n.)鱼17snake(n.)蛇18mouse(n.)老鼠19bird(n.)鸟 20butterfly(n.)蝴蝶21shark(n.)鲨鱼22elephant(n.)大象23giraffe(n.)长颈鹿24pet(n.)宠物1plant(n.)植物2grass(n.)草3flower(n.)花4bamboo(n.)竹子5tree(n.

8、)树6leaf(n.)叶子1land(n.)陆地2mountain(n.)高山3hole(n.)洞4ground(n.)地面5lake(n.)湖泊6sea(n.)海洋7beach(n.)海滩8coast(n.)海岸9star(n.)星星10earth(n.)地球11hill(n.)小山12forest(n.)森林13field(n.)田野14desert(n.)沙漠15river(n.)河流16ocean(n.)大海17island(n.)岛18sand(n.)沙滩19sky(n.)天空20planet(n.)行星21moon(n.)月亮22pool(n.)池塘1put on穿上2depend

9、 on依赖；取决于3wild animals野生动物4water the flowers浇花5die out灭绝6in danger 处于危险中7on rainy days 在雨天8above zero 零度以上小题夯基请根据句意及首字母提示完成所缺单词1Qomolangma is the worlds highest mountain in the world.2The earth moves round the sun.3Antarctica(南极洲) is covered with snow and ice all year round.4In summer，it often rains

10、 heavily/hard with strong wind in Southern China.5Some people are especially fond of keeping pets because they often feel lonely at home.6The Mars is a planet and it goes around the sun.微语篇特训A请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。I think most people like to travel because they can feel

11、the beauty of 1.nature and breathe the fresh air，and they can make friends.But there are also some disadvantages of travel.For example，the 2.weather changes quickly，and you may get wet by the 3.rain.So my suggestion is that before you travel，you should listen to the weather forecast.I like traveling

12、.It makes me refreshed.You can go to Disneyland and experience the feeling of childhood again.You can visit one of the seven 4.wonders of the world，such as the Grand Canyon，and feel the magnificence of nature.You can taste the magical 5.ice water on the glacier which can help you become more beautif

13、ul and let you live longer.If you want more freedom，just dont forget your backpack.B请根据汉语意思用适当的短语填空When I was in middle school，I moved to the city to live with my parents.I 1.miss my hometown(怀念我的家乡) all the time.I cant forget about the 2.beautiful mountains(美丽的山脉) and the clear water.So in this sum

14、mer vacation，I went back to my hometown.When I saw the familiar 3.country road(乡村小路)，I was so happy.I knew I was close to the nature.I took in the 4.fresh air(清新的空气)，and I smelt the straws flavor.I took a look at the mountains and the 5.wild animals(野生动物) again.All of these made me relaxed，and the n

15、ature was right in front of me.I hope the scenery wont change all the time，and once I have time，I will come back to enjoy it.1由于天气的原因，会议可能要推迟了。(because of)The meeting might be put off because of the weather.2你最好随身带把伞。(take.with.)Youd better take an umbrella with you.3秋天就要来了，天气也越来越凉爽。(cooler and cool

16、er)Autumn is coming and the weather is getting cooler and cooler.4俗话说，水是生命的象征。(the symbol of)As the saying goes，water is the symbol of life.5动物是我们的好朋友，因此我们应该尽最大努力保护它们。(try ones best)Animals are our good friends，so we should try our best to protect them.6动物在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色，它们是我们的好朋友。(play an important

17、 role in)Animals play an important role in our life and they are our good friends.7.被称为中国国宝的熊猫是世界上最可爱的动物之一。(one of the)The pandas，known as the national treasure of China，are one of the most adorable animals in the world.8如果我们不做些什么来阻止鱼翅的销售，鲨鱼有一天可能会消失。(stop)Sharks may disappear one day if we do not do

18、 anything to stop the sale of shark fins.9冬天是旅行的最佳时间，因为雪是如此美丽。(the best time to)Winter is the best time to travel because the snow is so beautiful.10春天，这里既不是太热也不是太冷。(neither.nor.)In spring，it is neither too hot nor too cold here.一、完形填空Kevin is a special swimmer.He took risks to swim in very cold pla

19、ces because he wanted people to 1 environmental problems.As a boy，Kevin visited national parks and he learned the Earth is in 2 condition.He felt worried，and he wanted to 3 the Earth.In 2009，he went to swim in water near the North Pole(极) to draw peoples attention to the melting glaciers(融化的冰川)Kevin

20、 said that the swim was so painful that it would be his 4 time to swim in cold water.In 2016，he heard about a lake in the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉)It was formed by melting glaciers.He 5 to swim in cold water again.It was difficult to swim in the lake.The air was so 6 that it was hard to breathe.He told peop

21、le about his experiences on TV.He wanted people to 7 that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing because of global(全球的) warming and that theres less water for people in nearby 8 like China，India，and Pakistan.From Kevins story，we learn two 9 .We learn that people can do a lot of harm to the Earth

22、 without realizing it.Also，we learn that if we 10 the way we think，we can do something to protect our environment.With the new way of thinking in our minds，we can enjoy a bright future.1A.get out of Bpay attention to Cpay for Dgive out答案B2A.right Bsafe Cpoor Dnatural答案C3A.protect Bleave Cfind Dshare

23、答案A4A.last Bgreat Cfree Dlong答案A5A.hated Bagreed Clearned Ddecided答案D6A.fresh Bthin Cclear Dcool答案B7A.hear Bget Ctake Drealize答案D8A.cities Bcountries Ctowns Dvillages答案B9A.choices Breports Creasons Dlessons答案D10A.ask Bshow Cchange Drecord答案C二、短文填空请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。In

24、 July，little Helen always goes to see her grandfather.He lives on the farm.On the farm，there are many kinds of 1.animals，such as cows，dogs，cats and sheep.She likes to play with them 2.because they can make her happy.On the farm，there is also a little 3.elephant.It has no mother and it 4.never plays

25、with other animals.It often 5.walks around alone.This is why Helen likes it.Helen likes it so much that many times she 6.tells the elephant how sorry she feels for it and she loves it very much.Gradually it becomes very 7.friendly to Helen.When it sees Helen，it will 8.run up to her like a dog.Someti

26、mes Helen sits on the ground reading and the elephant stands by her.Her grandfather wonders why the elephant likes her so much.Helens answer is that she loves it.Helen is 9.right.We should love and protect animals.They are our good 10.friends.Part 2话题能力提升A(2023福建)In the past nine years，Li Jin，who wa

27、s born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya，has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya city in Hainan.He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection through new media platforms(媒体平台)Around 2014，he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches and officially registe

28、red(注册) as a volunteer in May,2017.Li Jin immediately took the lead in a cleanup activity on the Sanya River.In April,2021，he used his own money to set up a volunteer service center which has 1,170 registered members who take part in activities without asking for payment.So far，he has spent about 3,

29、800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events.More than 2,300 people have joined in with his encouragement.Theyve drawn the attention of both the adults(成年人) and the children to the importance of protecting the oceans and beaches.Since it was set up，his center has organized 51 beach-cleaning

30、activities that have seen about 1,800 people join in.In 2021，because of Lis growing influence in environmental protection circles，the city government invited him to make a number of short videos，in which he uses simple words to explain how to protect the environment.Several of the videos have been w

31、atched millions of times.“My volunteer work would be meaningless if I got paid.But the work itself is of great value.So I will continue doing the environmental protection work，” he said.1What is Li Jin trying hard to protect?AThe beaches in Guangxi. BThe waters of Sanya.CThe wildlife on the Sanya Ri

32、ver. DThe cities in Hainan.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“Li Jin，who was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya，has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya city in Hainan”可知，李金正努力保护三亚的海域。故选B。2How many people join Li Jins volunteer service center?A550. B1,170. C1,800. D2,300.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In April,20

33、21，he used his own money to set up a volunteer service center which has 1,170 registered members who take part in activities without asking for payment.”可知，有1 170名志愿者加入了李金的志愿者服务中心。故选B。3What can we know from paragraph 3?AMillions of people join in Li Jins activities. BMembers in Li Jins service cente

34、r get paid.CMost activities are organized for children. DSome videos Li Jin made are a success.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.”可知，李金制作的视频是很成功的。故选D。4Which of the following best describes Li Jin?AQuiet and kind-hearted. BPatient and humorous.CStrong-mind

35、ed and selfless. DHonest and easygoing.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“So far，he has spent about 3,800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events.”和最后一段内容可知，到目前为止，他花费了约3 800个小时从事志愿者活动，且会继续坚持下去，由此可见他是意志坚强的人；这是志愿服务，他也是一个无私的人。故选C。5What is the text mainly about?AA hero praised for volunteer work. BThe leader

36、in a cleanup activity.CThe meaning of protecting water. DA volunteer service center.答案A解析主旨大意题。本文讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚海域生态环境的故事，说明李金是一个因志愿者工作而受到赞扬的英雄。故选A。B配对阅读。左栏是五名学生的情况介绍，右栏是七种天气。请把五名同学的情况与对应的天气情况匹配。1.Jim got up late this morning.He brushed his teeth and had a quick breakfast.He rushed to school with a

37、n umbrella in his backpack.() 2Tom planned to go to the beach and enjoy the sunshine with some of his friends.He thinks they will have a good time there.()3Joan didnt take an umbrella with her when she went to school in the afternoon.So she had to run home in the rain.Badly，she caught a cold.()4Erin

38、 had a bad luck when he got to Shanghai.People hardly stood on the street and some light things could be blown away easily.()5John went to Beijing for business.He was very excited，because he saw that it was white here and there.He couldnt wait to take out his camera.()A.It was badly cold.It snowed y

39、esterday.BIt was full of cloud in the sky this morning.Maybe it was going to rain.CIt had strong winds outside.Staying at home was better.DIts very hot.Its the best time to go swimming.EIt rained all the afternoon.FIts foggy this morning.Be careful to cross the road.GIt is a little hot，but the weath

40、er is very nice.语篇解读：本文根据活动内容匹配对应的天气，并且在此天气状况下给出了合理的建议，可以更好地指导学生防范灾害天气。答案1.B2.G3.E4.C5.AA回答问题When autumn arrives in the United States and Canada，you can see one of natures greatest scenesthe yearly migration(迁徙) of the monarch butterflies(帝王蝶)No other butterfly in the world migrates like the orange

41、and black monarch of North America.They cannot live for long periods in cold weather.So each autumn around October，the butterflies travel up to 3,000 kilometers south to spend winter.Some even fly to the mountains of Mexico.It usually takes the butterflies two months to reach Mexico.When it is warm，

42、they start to back north in the spring.“But not one butterfly finishes the whole trip.They lay eggs along the way and die.It might take the monarchs as many as four to five generations(代) to complete the journey all the way back up to Canada，” says Sarina Jepsen，who directs the endangered species pr

43、ogram for the Xerces Society.The most amazing thing about these butterflies is that they return to the very same trees in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used the winter before.However，the number of these colorful butterflies has dropped in recent years.The US Fish and Wildlife Service sa

44、id that nearly a billion monarchs have disappeared from overwintering sites(越冬地点) since 1990，the Washington Post reported.One of the main reasons，experts say，is that farmers have used herbicides(除草剂) on the milkweed(马利筋) plants that these butterflies feed on.1What color are the monarch butterflies?O

45、range and black.2How long does it take the monarch butterflies to reach Mexico?Two/2 months.3What is the most amazing thing about the monarch butterflies?They can return to the same trees (that their great-great-grandparents used the winter before)4What happened to these colorful butterflies in rece

46、nt years?The number of them has dropped.5How many monarchs have disappeared since 1990?Nearly a billion.B书面表达除了上文中提到的帝王蝶，你还听说过某些濒临灭绝的动物吗？请以“Why Should We Protect Wild Animals？”为题，用英语写一篇短文，说明为什么要保护野生动物。 写作提示：1.为什么有些野生动物处于危险之中；2为什么保护野生动物很重要；3我们应该采取什么措施来保护野生动物。要求：1.词数80左右；2标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。提示词语：wild，endangered，tiger，panda，destroy(破坏)，fur，take measures(采取措施)，plant，tree，build a birdhouseWhy Should We Protect Wild Anima