英语四级语法 虚拟语气课件.docx

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1、虚拟语气一.普通虚拟条件句 (1)与现在事实相反 If I were you, I t w Bvuddrny.If I had the book at hand, I would rea to you.那末，虚拟语气现在时的句型为：从句：If +主语+动词过去式(be变were) + 主句：主语 + would should ,could might动词)原+ 形+(2)与过去事实相反If you had gone to last night s games, you would have met him.If the policeman had arrived earlier, he w s

2、een the accident.那末，虚拟语气过去时的结构是：从句：If+主语+过去完成时主句：主语+should 或者(wouldjcould,might) + 现在完成时(3)与将来事实相反If he should come tomorrow, I would giv dictionary he needs.If Mr. Li were to do the experiment tomorrow, he might read the instructions carefully.八、在“It is high/about time +引thmt的从句的谓语 用普通过去时例如： It is

3、high about,alreadytime that we wen 练习：Its high time somebody his tongue.A hold BJholds CJheld Djshould hold练习（虚拟语气部份）l.Iflit was going to cost so much, I wouldn thave bought it.A. had known B. knew C. should have known 2.We cannot imagine what without electric power.A. is B. will be C. would3.My fil

4、es are all overwere toour worldbB. thehasplace.knowD.likebeenI wish Ithat Ithem in.A. have, can keeBp. haveC. will have, will be ablehad,canhave keptDt.o hkade.p could keep4.in our offer, please contact us.A. If you interested B. If you interestC. Should you be intereSt.edShould you interest5.1 t is

5、 necessary that the car windows withthese chemicals.A. are to treatB. be treated C. will be treated D. must be treated6.1 t was suggested that a new system the car.A. is to fit B. fitted C. will be fitted D. should be fitted.7.1 t was his doctor who advised that he A. changed B. change C. would chan

6、ge D. had changed练习答案：1.A2.C3.D4.C5.B6.D7.B那末虚拟语气将来时的句型是：从句：If+主语+should或者(were to动)+词原形+ 主句：同虚拟语气现在时的主句结构。练习：l.If this report were more accurate, it an invaluable document.A.were B.had been C.will be D.would be(D)2.1 in trouble if the police had stopped A.were B.would have been C.would be D.had bee

7、n3 .What would you do if war out. A.breaks B.could break C.had broken outD. were to break (D)二、在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有were, had, sho, uld 可省去i将were, had, sho提Id到主语前，形成倒装。例如：Should there be a meeting tomorrow, he you.Had it not been for your help, we would not have achieved so much.练习：1. before we leave the

8、day have a wonderful dinner party.A Had they arrivedarriveC Were they arrivingto arriveafter tomorrow,B Would theyD Were they(D)2. Had he worked harder,A must have got through have got throughC) would get through throughhethe exams.BJwouldDJcould get(B)3._ hard.enter university one day, I would work

9、 veryA Would I everB Ever would I C Should Iever D Ever should I三.由as if /as tho引u昼h的从句中用过去时表示对现 在虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去事实的虚拟。例如： Sammy looks as though he never got a square meal, but in fact his parents feed him用过v去ry 卜表与现在事实相反）I I I He appeared as if he had known nothing（用过去完成式表与过去相反的事实The old woman held

10、him as if she wou him go again.（用would+原形动词表与将来事实相反）练习：1 . The American young man speaks Chinese flu if he a Chinese.A isBjwereCjhas beenDhad been2 . The garden looked as if it yesterday.A wasntwateredB） didntwaterC hasntwateredDJhadntbeen watered（D）四.动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气1 wish he were here now.She wis

11、hes she would always remain young1 wish you had not hurt Jim so much H.e is still very depressed.练习：1. I wish Ilonger this morning, but I had to get upand come to class.A had slept BJslept Cmight have sleptDJhave slept(A)2 . They never have enough resources and they wish they more.A have Bhad CJwill

12、 have DJhave had(B)五.在表示建议、命令、要求等动词的后面，其宾语从 句的谓语用“should +原形动词”表示虚拟语气，或者省略 should表示 “要求” 的： request, demand, require表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：propose, suggest, advis 表示“决定、命令”的： order, command表示“坚持的insist例如：We insisted that he should be present at the ceremony.The director suggested that she (should) study more

13、 English before going abroad.练习：1 . My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he go there.A) not to B)won t Cjdoes not DJnot(D)2 . Mike s uncle insists in this hotel.00.1A staying notB) that he would notstayC not to stayD that he not sta(D)3 . The obwould requirethat at oclocek ery

14、morning.A he will be at the factory Bhe be at t factoryC) he was at the factory DJhe has beenat the factory(B)六.上述动词的名词形式用虚拟语气requirement.advice,order.suggestion,proposabcommand 其后的从句,也用should原形动词”表示虚拟语气， 或者省去should。例如：The managesr suggestion is that the secretary learn shorthand.练习：1. The suggestio

15、n that the mayor the prizes wasaccepted by everyone.A) would presentB ought to presentCjpresent DJpresents2 . One of the requirements for a fire is that the material to its burning temperature.A heated Bbe heatedCJto be heatedDjbeing heated七、在“It is(was)形容词(或者过去分词)+that.(主语 从 句)”结构中，主语从句的谓语也用“should

16、原形 动词表虚拟语气。或者省略should常用的形容词和过去分词有：表 “要求” 的： required, demanded, requested, desire 表“建议”的：suggested表“迫切、紧迫、重要”的有： necessary, essential, important表“命令”的ordered例如：It is necessary that Frank do away with his bad habit.It is desired that we should get everything readyby tonight.练习：1 . They kept telling us thatvitiil Whaast wethere on time.A must beBJwereCJbeDjwould be2 . It is necessary that an efficient worker hiswork on time.A accomplish BJaccomplishes Ccan accomplish Dhas accomplished(A)