英语周练试题.docx

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1、于都二中20222023学年度第一学期高三年级第20次周练英语试卷第一部分阅读（共两节，满分75分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AFrom the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher a

2、nd other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes fbr four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their f

3、ear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now Fm going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want

4、you to read them only ibr pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, thats enough for me. Also Im not going to ask you what words mean.”The children sat stunned and si

5、lent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, t4Mr. Holt, do you really mean that? I said just as seriously, t

6、4I mean every word of it.”During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk, From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself “It cant be,” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick , in edition with

7、woodcuts. I said, Dont you find parts of it rather heavy going?, She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is-an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good par

8、ts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.21. According to the passage, childrens fear and dislike of books may result

9、 from.A. reading little and thinking littleB. reading often and adventurouslyC. being made to read too muchD. being made to read aloud before others22. The teacher told his students to read.A. for enjoymentB. for knowledgeC. for a larger vocabularyD. fbr higher scores in exams23. From the teachers p

10、oint of view,.A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while readingB. children should be left to decide what to read and how to readC. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in schoolD. reading involves understanding every little piece of informationBIf humans were truly at h

11、ome under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal（夜 间活动的）species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the suns light. This is a basic evolutionary fact,

12、 even though most of us dont think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night: Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences一called light pollution whose efleets scientists ar

13、e only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels and light rhythms - to which many forms

14、of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected.In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze（霾）that mirrors our fear of the dark. Weve grown so used to this orange haz

15、e that the original glory of an unlit night 一dark enough fbr the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.Wc vc lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of no

16、cturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet（磁铁）.The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at n

17、ight, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.Frogs living near brightly lit highways sutler nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint, including most other creatures, wc do need darknes

18、s .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.Living in a glare of our own making, we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritagethe light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night. In a very real sense, light pollution c

19、auses us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Waythe edge of our galaxyarching overhead.24. According to the passage, human being tA. prefer to live in the darknessB. are used t

20、o living in the day lightC. were curious about the midnight worldD. had to stay at home with the light of the moon25. What does Paragraph 1） most probably refer to?A. The night.B. The moon C. The skyD. The planet26. The writer mentions birds and frogs to.A. provide examples of animal protectionB. sh

21、ow how light pollution affects animalsC. compare the living habits of both speciesD. explain why the number of certain species has declined27. What might be the best title fbr the passage?A. The Magic light.C. The Disappearing Night.B. The Orange Haze.D. The Rhythms of Nature.A scientist working at

22、her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.After all,the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world,and the baby is,well, just playing.right?Pcrhaps,but some developmental psychologists（，心理学家）have ar

23、gued that thisplayis more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the tablc.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge,it falls to in the ground-and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects inter

24、act （相互作用）;bowls of rice do not flood in midair, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not bom knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then

25、build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the babys investigation and the scientists experiment appear to share the same aim（to learn about the natural world ）, overall approach （gathering direct evidence from the world）, and logic （

26、are my observations what I expected?）.Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way-that they investigate human psychology and the niles of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gath

27、ering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child , Mommy actually doesnt like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation thro

28、ws light on how children learn ,but it also ofiers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort -the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world-is simply something that com

29、es from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution（进化）provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive （认知的）systems that make young children feel good about figuring somethin

30、g out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, “It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.28. . According to some developmental psychologists,.A. a babys play is nothing more than a game.B. scientific research into babies games

31、 is possibleC. the nature of babies play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a babys play is somehow similar to a scientisfs experiment29. We learn from Paragraph 2 that.A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are

32、bom with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do30. Children may learn the rules of language by.A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experiments D. observing their parents behaviors31. What is the autho

33、rs tone when he discusses the connection between scientists research and babies5 play?A. Convincing. B. Confused. C. Confidence. D. Cautious.DAdults are often embarrassed about asking fbr help. Seeking someones assistance can make you feel like you arc broadcasting your incompetence. New research su

34、ggests young children don*t seek help in school fbr the same reason.Kayla Good, a graduate student in developmental psychology at Stanford University, and Alex Shaw, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Chicago, applied a classic technique from developmental psychology to learn

35、more about how children think about reputation. Across several studies, they asked 576 children, aged four to nine, to predict the behavior of two characters, Tom and Jack, in a story. Tom genuinely wanted to be smart, and Jack merely wanted to seem smart to others. In one study, they told children

36、both characters did poorly on a test, and asked which of them would be more likely to raise their hands in front of their class to ask the teacher fbr help.The four-year-olds were equally likely to choose either of the two characters as the one who would seek help. But by age seven or eight, childre

37、n thought Jack would be less likely to ask fbr assistance. And childrens expectations were truly reputational in nature-they were specifically thinking about how the characters would act in front of peers. They could still imagine situations where Jack would seek help: when assistance could be sough

38、t privately （on a computer rather than in person）, children thought both characters were equally likely to ask fbr it.Given the findings, it seems quite possible that when children themselves are the ones struggling, they, too, might avoid seeking out help if they arc concerned about reputation. If

39、so, this unwillingness to seek help when others are present could obviously impede academic progress. To improve in any field, one must work hard, take on challenging tasks and ask questions. All of these efforts can be difficult when someone is concerned about their appearance to others.32. What we

40、re the children asked to do about the two characters?A. To assess their intelligence.B. To predict their academic progress.C.To discuss their possibility to get help.D. To judge their willingness to ask fbr help.33. Who was likely to seek private aid according to the cight-ycar-olds?A.Tom.B.Jack.C.B

41、oth.D. Neither.34. What does the underlined word impede1 in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Prevent.B.Guarantee.C.Accelerate. D.Monitor.35. What is the authors suggestion fbr kids?A. Be ready to help others.B. Be brave to ask fbr assistance.C. Care more about reputation.D. Make efforts to be smarter.第二节

42、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.1went to live there in order to be him. I hated the place .1 had never 42 .been so unhappy . My husband was ordered out on a long-term

43、 duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was -almost 125 F even in the shade of a cactus(4ll J、掌) a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the every air I breathed,werewith sand , sand, sand !I was so sorry fbr myself that I wrote to my parents. I told

44、them I was and coming back home.I said I couldnt stand it one minute longer. I be in prison! My father answered my with just two lines-two lines that will always sing in my - two lines that completely changed my life :Two men looked out from prison barsOne saw the mud ,thc other saw the starsI read

45、those two lines I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 51. ; I would look fbr the stars. I made friends with the natives,and their 52. amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 53.to sell to tourists . I studied the de

46、lightful forms of the cactus .1 watched fbr the desert sunsets,and 54.fbr seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean 55.What brought about this 56.change in me ? The desert hadnt changed , 57.I had .1 had changed my 58.And by doing so , I changed an un

47、happy experience into the most amazing 59.of my life . I was excited by this new world that I had discovered Ihad looked out of my selfcreatded prison and 60._ the stars C. nearD.beyond41.A. offB. behind42.A. beforeB. alreadyC. thenD. still43.A. inflexibleB. incomprehensibleC. uncontrollable44.A. On

48、lyB. NotC. Many45.A. coveredB. filledC. buriedD. charged46.A. catching upB. keeping upC. giving upD.getting up47.A. ought toB. might wellC. would ratherD.had better48.A.requestB. call49.A. comparisonB. imaginationC. considerationD. memory50.A. over and overB. by and byC. up and downD. now and then51.A. companyB. occupationC. situation52.A. movementB. reactionC. guidance53.A. refusedB. failedC. managed54.A. askedB. huntedC. waited55.A. floorB. surfaceC.rock56.A.shockingB. challenging