面试方法】面试技巧培训资料英文.docx

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1、Case QuestionsCase questions are most commonly used in consulting interviews, but they can be used in other situations, such as in interviews for marketing positions with consumer goods companies. Simply put, a case interview is the analysis of a business question. Unlike most other interview questi

2、ons, it is an interactive process. Your interviewer will present you with a business problem and ask you for your opinion. Your job is to ask the interviewer logical questions that will permit you to make a detailed recommendation. The majority of case interviewers don*t have a specific answer that

3、you, the candidate, are expected to give. What the interviewer is looking for is a thought process that is at once analytical and creative. Heres a sample case question:You are advising a credit card company that wants to market a prepaid phone card to its customers. Is this a good idea?You: What is

4、 the role of our company? Do we simply market the card or must we create them ourselves?Interviewer: This card will be co-marketed with an outside phone company. We don*t need to perform telecommunications functions.You: What are our expenses connected with the card?Interviewer: We must pay 15 cents

5、 for every minute we sell. We also have to pay $1.00 as a start-up cost for the card and card systems.You: What are our marketing expenses?Interviewer: We normally use slips of paper that are attached to the backs of our credit card payment envelopes. We sometimes also send customers a direct mailin

6、g - in a separate envelope. Or we can have telemarketers call selected customers.You: Whats the cost of each of these marketing techniques, and what is their response rate?Interviewer: Telemarketers have a 2 percent response rate, and cost $1.00 per call. Direct mailings cost us 40 cents per mailing

7、 and have a 0.50 percent rate of response. Our payment attachments have a 0.25 rate of response, but only cost us 5 cents each.You: Im going to assume we will sell one-hour phone cards. That will cost us $9.00 for the minutes and a dollar per card - so each card costs us $10.Interviewer: That sounds

8、 reasonable.You: And what is our expected revenue on a one-hour phone card? What is the current market rate for a 60-minute phone card?Interviewer: Assume its 50 cents a minute.You: So if we sell the cards for $30, we have a $20 profit, minus our expenditures on marketing.Interviewer: Whats our cost

9、 structure look like?HUDs statistics arm could help, or even conducting a small sample of the second calculation in a few representative towns is possible.Other guesstimates:1. How much orange juice is consumed each day in America?2. How many golfballs would fit into a 747?3. How many grocery stores

10、 are there in the U.S.?BrainteasersHigh-tech companies, investment banks and consulting firms are famous for their brainteasers. Anyone, after all, can come up with a canned answer to display their leadership and management skills - but fewer people can quickly come up with three solid reasons why a

11、 manhole cover is round. Whether youre applying for a technical, corporate finance or marketing position, expect to get a few of these beauties. Creativity and mental flexibility and speed are of paramount importance to high-tech firms, and one surefire way to test these qualities is through these s

12、lightly offbeat questions.If you field one of these brainteasers, your interviewer may give you a time limit. Dont become flustered. Simply try to think through the question from every angle you can. Most questions require either logic, that ever-popular out of the box1 thinking, or both.1. If you l

13、ook at a clock and the time is 3:15, what is the angle between the hour and the minute hands?The answer to this is not zero! The hour hand, remember, moves as well. The hour hand moves a quarter of the way between three and four, so it moves a quarter of a twelfth (1/48) of 360 degrees. So the answe

14、r is seven and a half degrees, to be exact.2. A company has ten machines that produce gold coins. One of the machines is producing coins that are a gram light. How do you tell which machine is making the defective coins with only one weighing?Think this through - clearly, every machine will have to

15、produce a sample coin or coins, and you must weigh all these coins together. How can you somehow indicate which coins came from which machine? The best way to do it is to have every machine crank out its number in coins, so that machine 1 will make one coin, machine 2 will make two coins, and so on.

16、 Take all the coins, weigh them together, and consider their weight against the total theoretical weight. If youre four grams short, for example, youll know that machine 4 is defective.3 Four members of U2 (Bono, the Edge, Larry and Adam) need to get across a narrow bridge to play a concert. Since i

17、ts dark, a flashlight is required to cross, but the band has only one flashlight, and only two people can cross the bridge at a time. (This is not to say, of course, that if one of the members of the band has crossed the bridge, he cant come back by himself with the flashlight). Adam takes only a mi

18、nute to get across, Larry takes two minutes, theEdge takes five minutes, and slowpoke Bono takes ten minutes. A pair can only go as fast as the slowest member. They have 17 minutes to get across. How should they do it?The key to attacking this question is to understand that Bono and the Edge are maj

19、or liabilities and must be grouped together. In other words, if you sent them across separately, youd already be using fifteen minutes.What does this mean? That Bono and the Edge must go across together. But they can not be the first pair (or one of them will have to transport the flashlight back).

20、Instead, you send Larry and Adam over first, taking two minutes. Adam comes back, taking another minute, for a total of three minutes. Bono and the Edge then go over, taking ten minutes, and bringing the total to 13. Larry comes back, taking another two minutes, for a total of 15. Adam and Larry go

21、back over, bringing the total time to 17 minutes.Illegal questionsInterviewers are legally barred from asking questions about your religion, color, race, national origin, marital status, sex, sexual orientation, childcare arrangements, or other family plans. Federal and State laws such as The Americ

22、ans With Disabilities Act (ADA,) the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII,) which was amended in 1991, allow you to avoid discussing any of this information. The interviewers ask should focus exclusively on the position and your experience and qualifications for

23、it. You do not have to reveal any private information that does not relate to your ability to perform on the job.Your interviewer might not realize theyre asking an illegal question they might think they are simply breaking the ice. So if they do ask a question of this sort, you should make a decisi

24、on about their intentions and whether or not you want to answer it. In some cases, the question might be innocuous enough that youll feel comfortable answering it. If you dont wish to discuss something that you fear might wrongfully be used against you, then you should tactfully say that question do

25、es not relate to your abilities to perform the job, abilities that include x,y, and z.Here are some examples of illegal questions: Are you married? Do you have any kids? Are you planning to have any(more)? What political party do you belong to? Do you have any illnesses we should know about? What na

26、tionality are you? What church do you go to? Do you smoke?Career EssentialsCommon Interview QuestionsQuestions asked by skilled and well-prepared interviewers always have a purpose regardless of how irrelevant to the position they may seem.It is important to realize that the purpose of many question

27、s is to test out whether you have the specific qualities and skills required for the position. There is not necessarily a right or wrong answer to such questions; rather interviewers are seeking evidence of such qualities as your motivation, energy, attitudes, initiative or maturity.An example of a

28、seemingly irrelevant question could be Tell me how would you go about buying a car? In this situation the interviewer is not concerned so much about what car dealer you would go to or the order in which you would go about doing this, but rather about the sort of approach you would use. Do you plan?

29、Do you give up easily? Do you seek assistance from other people? How do you budget your time and money?The following are examples of some of the more difficult questions you may be asked in interviews. The guidelines are intended only to stimulate your thinking. They are not model answers. You will

30、not necessarily be asked all or even many of these questions in one interview. The questions as set out here are not in priority/sequential order.Please note that these questions are in addition to those that relate to specific job competencies e.g. research skills, writing skills, technical knowled

31、ge, customer service skills etc. Look carefully at the job description or analyse the role carefully to identify the skills the interviewer is likely to focus on.Question 1nWhat do you have to offer us?nGuidelines - Answer in terms of the skills and personal qualities you have relevant to the job. Y

32、ou may refer to your academic qualifications, relevant sections of university courses, experience in the workplace, leisure activities or personal qualities.Question 2What has prompted you to apply for this position?0Guidelines - Explain why you are interested in the organization. If you have had a

33、long-term interest in them, say so. If location is significant, you could mention this after talking about your interest in the firm. Try not to focus on what you will get from the organization, but the qualities you will bring to them. You could mention that you see the position as offering challen

34、ge, a chance to learn new things and to enhance and develop skills and abilities necessary for the position.Question 3“What do you want from us?nGuidelines - This is a good time to talk about training or promotion opportunities giving some idea of long-term career plans. There may be aspects of the

35、organizations work that really interest you, and you may wish to move into another area of that organization later on. The interviewer is probably trying to assess your enthusiasm and ambition.Question 4nAt the end of the first year, if you got this job, how would you measure your success?*Guideline

36、s - In your preparation for the interview you would have developed a good understanding of the duties and personal attributes listed in the job description, as well as finding out about the goals and objectives of the organization. Think about tangible results you might be able to achieve on the job

37、 that contribute to those goals and objectives. The interviewer is not so interested here in what tasks or duties you plan to have completed, but how you go about planning and assessing your own performance. Are there any practical ways you currently measure your success in part-time work or study e

38、.g. sales figures, grades, and feedback from your supervisor or lecturer?Question 5What appeals to you about this job?”Guidelines - This is similar to Questions 2 and 3, but you may want to focus more closely on the specific duties outlined in the job description or what your understanding of typica

39、l tasks for this kind of job would be. Again, cover the kinds of skills, interests or knowledge from previous study or work that you would bring to the position.Question 6“What are your long-term plans?”Guidelines - If you are flexible about your long-term plans say so, however, it pays to give a ge

40、neral picture of what interests you now, and how you see that developing. You should not commit yourself to a long-term period with an employer if you do not honestly feel that you can do so. At this stage you may not be in a position to know how long you would see yourself staying in any one job. O

41、n the other hand, you are keen to put to work the skills that you have developed. Avoid T don*t know* and a shrug of the shoulders, as an employer is usually trying to assess how motivated and interested you are!Question 7nWhat do you see yourself doing in five years from now?”Guidelines - Similar t

42、o Question 6. Your answer will give evidence of whether or not you are the sort of person who plans ahead. Remember that fewer and fewer employers expect all their employees to make a life-long career in their organization. You may want to express a desire to progress as rapidly as ability and oppor

43、tunities allow within the organization, or what you would like to do on a broader scale.Question 8“How long do you expect to stay with us?nGuidelines - Do not commit yourself to a specific time unless you are quite clear on this. Indicate you anticipate staying in the position for as long as it take

44、s to learn the job and to gain experience in it, and that you then hope to move on within the organization. After making a comment yourself, you can always turn this question back to the employer and ask how long they would expect you to stay with them.Question 9Tell us about yourselfHGuidelines - I

45、f this is asked at the beginning of the interview give a quick run down of your qualifications and experience to date, and then ask whether the interviewer(s) would like you to expand. If the question is asked towards the end of the interview and you have already talked a lot about yourself, then th

46、is is the opportunity for you to elaborate on any positive points and put across any messages you have not had the chance to give so far.Question 10“Why should we appoint you?Guidelines - Answer in terms of the qualifications, skills and interests that you have which are relevant to the position, i.

47、e. summaries your suitability. Where a job description is available before the interview, make sure you have studied it thoroughly as part of your preparation for the interview. Your reply should be based on the required skills outlined in the job description. Do not compare yourself with other appl

48、icants even if you know some of them. If you are invited by the interviewers to compare yourself with other applicants, politely state that you are not in a position to judge others, and leave that side of the interviewing to them!Question 11Have you applied for other jobs?nGuidelines - Be honest. T

49、his question is often used during graduate recruitment. Your approach to job hunting indicates how you approach challenges. Employers are aware of the competitiveness of the job market. They would be most surprised if you indicated that you have not applied for other jobs and may question your initiative or motivation.If you are not a student/graduate participating in a university recruitment