高中英语Unit15LearningSectionⅤReading（Ⅲ）（Lesson4CommunicationWorkshop）讲义北师大版必修.docx

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1、Section V Reading (III) (Lesson 4 & CommunicationWorkshop)新生词汇。iliRXIIMSHEbJC；CIHUICHLJSHII.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思)1.acquire)2.worthy)3.defence)4.ignore)5. assumption)6. urge)7. inspire)8.vital)9.beneficial)10. adaptA.3以值得的B.北力劝，强烈要求C.匕启发；鼓舞D.a以有用的，有益的E.%（使）适应F.己以极其重要的G. ,忽视，不顾H. .保卫，保护I.获得，得到J. 假定,假设答案1一5

2、IAHGJ 6-10 BCFDEH.选择下列句中相应词组的汉语意思( )1. Conditions here are not what she is accustomed to.( )2.These foreigners have put forward a proposal for a joint venture.( )3. We cant approve of this sort of thing.()4.His novels tend to be very boring.()5. As a whole, our efforts did not prove to be futile.答案1

3、5 DBECA教材语篇O珊lAOCAIYUPIANXIYAN教师独具匚课遍(教师用书独具)uWho questions much, shall learn much, and remember much. ” Francis Bacon (1561 -1626)It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding.To start with, you need questions. Then, to find answers, you observe the world around you and study the

4、facts. After that you consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world，s problems

5、 with this type of analysisluckily for us.However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge , he was going against the views of the day. Bacon held an important rank under King James (1566 1625) of England but his true interest was not

6、 the day to day bureaucratic details of the government, but the worthy search for knowledge. This was certainly not the interest of most people in his day. At that time, people believed more in religion than in facts and people like Galileo Galilei (1564 1642), who proved scientific ideas such as “t

7、he Earth is not the centre of the universe” , were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed,They preferred to make assumptions about the world based

8、 on the experience of others. In fact, when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe, instead of believing him, people chose to believe views that were almost 2000 years old!“勤于提问的人学到更多，并且记忆更多。”一一弗兰西斯培根(1561 1626)我们如何获取知识以及如何理解现在似乎很显而易见。首先，你需要问题。然后为了找 到答案你观察自己周围的世界，并且研究事实之后你考

9、虑可能的答案，并且加以测试来找出 正确的答案。尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎敲进几个关键词，等待互联网吐出答案，现 代的科学家和思想家们仍然在用这种分析方法来解决世界的问题对我们来说很幸运。然而，在17世纪，当弗兰西斯培根提出这种思考方式是获取知识的方式时，他背离 了当时的观念。在英国詹姆士(15661625)统治时期，培根是一位身居要职的官员，但是他 真正的兴趣不是政府每日的繁文缗节，而是对知识的不断追求。这当然不是他那个时代大多 数诗人的兴趣。那时人们更愿意相信宗教，而不是事实。伽利略(15641642)这样证明了例 如地球不是宇宙的中心等科学观点的人常常受教会惩罚。教会和许多人经常忽略事

10、实，不愿 意去挑战他们一直坚信的一切，他们宁愿以前人的经验为依据对世界做出假设。事实上，当 伽利略证实地球不是宇宙的中心时，人们不相信他的话，却要相信几乎是两千年以前的观点。助读讲解it作形式主语，真正的主语是how引导的从句。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the 17th century； that引导宾语从句。what引导从句作challenge的宾语。It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philos

11、opher Aristotle (384 322 BC), He said that the Earth must be the centre of the universe because it felt like the Earth was standing still. Galilei disagreed. At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in p

12、rison. They didn，t want to challenge what theyd always thought was true.This also shows how people didn，t want to search for their own understanding or educate themselves. And this is still often true today. People feel that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it mu

13、st be so. But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at timesore our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing. In other words we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say, “W

14、e know it all” .因为这些观点是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(384 322 BC)提出来的，人们愿意相信这些 古老的见解这也不足为奇。亚里士多德认为地球是宇宙的中心，因为从感觉上来讲地球是静 止不动的。伽利略不同意这种说法。起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是当他 证实亚里士多德的观点是错误的时候，他们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。他们不愿意挑战他 们向来认为是正确的东西。从这一点可以看出，人们是多么不愿意追求自己对事物的理解或自己教育自己。在今天, 这仍然是事实。人们认为，如果某位重要的和受尊敬的人说某事是正确的，那一定是正确的。 但是即使是亚里士多德这样一位鼓舞了许多后继的科

15、学家和哲学家的伟大人物，有时也会犯 错误。伽利略也犯过错误。虽然他当时以天文学之父而闻名，但是他认为地球以一个精确的 圆圈围绕太阳而转动。这是不正确的。因此，我们对周围世界的理解是不断的发展和变化的。 换句话说，我们每天都在学习更多的东西，谁也不能悠闲地说：“我们都知道。”助读讲解It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语；本句中as引导原因状 语从句。even though引导让步状语从句；who引导定语从句修饰先行词a great man。in other words换句话说。We need to thank the great men of the past for the wisd

16、om to know that we dont know it all and probably never will, for that would mean a world without questions 1 So much of our knowledge and understanding of the world today is due to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave enough to step out from tlie shadows of conventional thought in order to

17、find the kingdom of knowledge that todays civilisation is built upon.These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for ； more vital to a man, and more beneficial to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world.“All truths are easy to understand once they are discove

18、red; the point is to discover them. “ 一Galileo Galilei (1564 1642)我们要感谢历史上伟人的才智，它让我们懂得，我们不是什么都懂，也许我们永远有不 懂的地方，因为那将意味着世界上没有问题了。我们今天对世界拥有这么多的知识和理解, 是因为有培根和伽利略这样的人，为了发现建造今天文明的知识王国，他们勇敢地从传统思 想的阴影中走出。他们懂得获得知识和理解是要奋斗的。有人说，对个人或人类来说，它比 世界上所有的金钱都重要，都有益。“所有的真理一旦被发现都很容易理解：问题是要去发现它们。”伽利略(15641642)助读讲解for是并列连词，表

19、示原因。fight for为而战G 课宓理解 G第一步速读一一了解文章主题和段落大意速读-43教材课文,匹配段落大意1. Para. 12. Para. 23. Paras. 3 44. Para. 5A. People thanked the great man who study in a scientific way.B. The writer，s suggestions of understanding things.C. People believed in religion in ancient time.D. People believed in what someone imp

20、ortant and respectedsaid.答案14 BCDA第二步细读一一把控文章关键信息 细读P42-3教材课文，选择最佳答案1. What is the first step to acquire knowledge and understanding?A. To find answers.B. To study the facts.C. To test answers.D. To put forward questions.2. Who solve/solved problems by thinking and analyzing according to the passage

21、?A. People nowadays.B. People in the 17th century.C. Modern scientists and thinkers.D. The great philosopher Aristotle.3. People in the 17th century didn，t believe Galileo Galilei because .A. they believed more in religionB. the Earth was standing stillC. Bacon put forward the view that the Earth mu

22、st be the center of the universeD. Galilei couldnt prove his view that the Earth was not the center of the universe4. Whats the aim of the writer when Aristotle and Galilei are referred to in the fourth paragraph?A. Aristotle was wrong.B. Its unbelievable for great men to be wrong.C. Galilei was wro

23、ng.D Everyone can be wrong at times.5. What，s the main idea of the sentence “All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them” ?A. All truths are easy to discover.B. Its most important to discover truths.C.Its more important tounderstand truths than to discov

24、er them.D.If we want to discovertruths, we should first understand them.答案1一5 DCADB第三步研读一一能力升华接轨高考根据Pi2T3教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式“Who 1. questions (question) much, shall learn much, and remember much. saidFrancis Bacon. Now 2. jt seems obvious how we acquire knowledge and understanding. However

25、, in the 17th century, people 3.believed(believe) more in religion than in facts. People with 4. scientific (science) new ideas may be punished by the church.As a result, people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge5. what they had believed. Till today, people still feel 6. that

26、 if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so. 7. But sometimes great men such as Aristotle and Galilei might make mistakes. Therefore our 8. understanding(understand) of the world around us is constantly growing and changing. In other words, we learn 9. more (much) every day and none of us can simply say, “We know it all” .“All truths are easy to understand once they are 10. discovered (discover) ; the point is to discover them. ” said Galileo Galilei.