高中英语Module4GreatScientistsGrammar课时素养评价外研版必修.docx

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1、Module 4 Great ScientistsGrammar语用训练I.单句语法填空1. The teacher will get angry if your homework is not finished(not finish) on time.2. Everyone dislikes being made(make) fun of by others.3. He hoped that he would b。 given(give) a more suitable job.4. Shakespeare? s play Hamlethas been made(make) into at

2、least ten different films over the past years.5. 一So what is the procedure?一All the applicants are interviewed(interview) before a final decision is made by the authority.6. We are confident that the environment will ba improved(improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.7. The government a

3、nnounced that six highways had been built(build) by the end of last year.8. A dinner party was being held(hold) in celebration of the great achievements she had made when I called her yesterday.9. It is reported that many a new house is being built(build) at present in the disaster area.10. A lot of

4、 water is wasted(waste) every year. It s a serious problem.II.单句改错1. The building built by our school last year, (building 后力口 was)2. My father enjoys his spare time by reading newspapers or listen to music.(listen-glistening)3. As we all know, bananas are usually sold by the weight.(去掉 the)4. Havin

5、g shown around the classroom, we were taken to the library.(Having 后加 been)5. I haven t moved into my new house, for it is painted.4 .【解析】第三句中去掉that。考查宾语从句。句意：越来越多的人已经意识到这个问题 是多么严重。此处的宾语从句由how引导，how在从句中作状语，that多余，故去掉that。5 .【解析】第四句中boring f bored。考查形容词。句意：但他们从不对它感到厌倦。此 处主语“they”指人，故应用-ed形式，表示“感到厌倦的。

6、故boring改为bored。6 .【解析】第五句中other others。考查代词。句意：一些人认为吸烟是一种时尚，另 一些人认为吸烟可以提神。结合句意”一些人，另一些人”可知此处应用复数形式。 故 other 改为 otherso7 .【解析】第五句中himself -themselveso考查反身代词。此处的反身代词应与主语 “others”保持一致,表示“他们自己，故himself改为themselves。8 .【解析】第七句中causing-caused。考查非谓语动词。句意：吸烟引起的最严重的疾病 是肺癌。illness”与“cause”是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故ca

7、using改为 causedo9 .【解析】第八句中waste前面加a。考查冠词。句意：同时，吸烟也是一种对钱的浪费。 此处用不定冠词表示泛指，a waste of是固定用法，意为“浪费”。故waste前面加a。10 .【解析】第九句中danger -dangerous。考查形容词。句意：更糟的是，粗心的吸烟者 可能引起危险的火灾。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词fires。故danger改为dangerous。（is 后力口 being）III.完成句子1. The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference bookswhile the

8、 magazines serve as reading materials.教科书和字典可以作为参考书，而杂志可以作为阅读材料。2. That kind of cloth washes well, so it won the welcome of housewives.这种布料很好洗，因此它受到了家庭主妇们的欢迎。3. All the preparations have been completed/ finished. 所有的准备都做完了。4. As far as I am concerned, I think that the column concerning entertainment

9、 should be removed.就我而言，我认为有关娱乐的专栏应该被删除。5. The prisoner was seen to stealthe money.有人看见这个犯人偷了钱。主题阅读I .阅读理解（2020 牡丹江高一检测）There are hundreds of types of birthday cake in the world. You are likely to enjoy one during at least one of your birthday parties. But have you ever stopped and wondered, “Why am

10、 I eating this? What makes this dessert fit to celebrate the day of my birth? ”It s because you are as important and beloved as the gods.The ancient Egyptians are thought to have “invented” the celebration of birthdays. They believed when pharaohs （法老）were crowned, they became gods, so their coronat

11、ion （力口冕）day was their “birth” as a god.Ancient Greeks borrowed the tradition, but realized that a dessert would make the celebration more meaningful. So they baked moon-shaped cakes to offer up to the goddess of the moon. They decorated them with lighted candles to make the cakes shine like the moo

12、n. It is the reason why we light our birthday cakes on fire.Modern birthday parties are said to get their roots from an 18th century German celebration. On the morning of a child s birthday, he or she would receive a cake with lighted candles that added up to the kid s age, plus one. This extra cand

13、le was called the ulight of life, “ representing the hope of another full year lived.And then, torture一 because no one could eat the cake until after dinner. The family replaced the candles as they burned out throughout the day. Finally, when the moment came, the birthday child would make a wish, tr

14、y to blow out all the candles in one breath, and dig in.Since the ingredients （原料）to make cakes were pretty expensive, this birthday custom didn t become popular until the Industrial Revolution. More ingredients were available, which made them cheaper, and bakeries even started selling pre-baked cak

15、es.【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了生日蛋糕的起源。1. What is the passage mainly about?A. The origin of birthday cakes.B. The significance of birthday cakes.C. The history of birthday parties.D. The introduction of cake production.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第一段中，“我为什么要吃这个？是什么让这个甜点适合庆祝 我的生日呢？ ”短文以提问的形式点明主题以及根据下文的具体介绍可知，本文讲述了生日 蛋糕的起源。故选

16、A。2. Who established the tradition of celebrating birthdays with cakes according to the passage?A. Germans.B. Pharaohs.C. Ancient Greeks.D. Ancient Egyptians.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段古希腊人借鉴了这一传统，但意识到甜点会让庆祝活 动更有意义。所以他们烤月亮形状的蛋糕来供奉给月亮女神。他们用点燃的蜡烛装饰蛋糕，使 蛋糕像月亮一样闪闪发光。这就是我们为什么把生日蛋糕点着的原因。所以是古希腊人建立 了用蛋糕庆祝生日的传统。故选C。3

17、. The underlined word “torture” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to .A. pleasureB. replacementC. sharingD. suffering【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第六段And then, torture because no one could eat the cake until after dinner.大家只有在晚餐后才能吃蛋糕，这是一种折磨。所以画线词 的意思是suffering “折磨”。故选D。4. Why was the birthday cake custom unpop

18、ular before the Industrial Revolution?A. The transport was inconvenient.B. The ingredients of cakes were expensive.C. The cake could not be eaten before dinner.D. The bakeries would not sell pre-baked cakes.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，因为制作蛋糕的原料非常贵，直到工业革命 生日蛋糕风俗才受欢迎。所以在工业革命前生日蛋糕风俗不受欢迎的原因是原料很贵。故选Bo II.完形填空G

19、oran Kropp was a famous Swedish adventurer and climber. In 1972, at the age of six with his father, s help, he Galdhopiggen, the highest mountain in Northern Europe. Twenty-three years later, he stood on the highest peak in the world, Mount Everest. His journey to the 2 shows just how independent an

20、d strong-willed this 3 man is.4 most people arrive at the foothills of Mount Everest by some means of modern 5, Kropp bicycled 7, 000 miles from his home in Sweden. Travelling by bike was not 6 , He stopped many times to 7 his bike because rough roads caused it to break down. Besides, he was run aft

21、er by dogs, stung by hornets and was caught in the rain several times before he 8 the base of the mountain.Kropp 9 to climb Mount Everest the same way he travelled to the mountain: without the 10 of others and without modern conveniences. Unlike other 11 , Kropp climbed the mountain without a guide

22、or helper. He did not 12 bottled oxygen to help him 13 at high altitudes and he carried all of his 14 himself in a pack that weighed about 140 pounds.It 15 Kropp two tries to reach the top of Mount Everest. The first time, he had to 16 only 350 feet from the top because the weather was too dangerous

23、.Just a few days earlier, at that same level eight climbers had 17 when a sudden snowstorm had hit the mountain. He felt deep sorrow（悲痛）for them and thus became more 18 . The climber waited out the storm, 19 , and tried again a few days later. This time he was 20 . After he walked down the mountain,

24、 he got back on his bike and rode the 7, 000 miles back to Sweden.【文章大意】Goran Kropp是瑞典的冒险家和登山者。他知名于他的珠峰攀登，他用自行车带 着所有登山装备从瑞典出发，不用氧登顶，然后骑车回家。1. A. enjoyedB. visitedC. sawD. climbed【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据前面一句可知，Goran Kropp是瑞典著名的冒险家和登山者, 所以此处指他在六岁时就登上了（climb）北欧最高的山脉。2. A. topB. countryC. areaD.valley【解析】选A。逻辑推理

25、题。根据上一句的he stood on the highest peak in the world可 知，他爬到了珠穆朗玛峰的山顶(top)。3. A. greatB. kindC. normalD.honest【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文提到的他爬珠穆朗玛峰没有带瓶装的氧气也没有导游，这 说明他很了不起，所以用great来形容。4. A. UnlessB. OnceC. WhileD. Because【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。此处指虽然大多数人通过某种现代的交通工具到达珠穆朗玛峰的山脚，但是Kropp却是骑自行车抵达。while表示“虽然”。5. A. designB. transpo

26、rtC. materialD.technology【解析】选B。习语搭配题。means of transport表示“交通工具/方式”。6. A. boringB. easyC. tiringD. busy【解析】选B。背景常识题。根据常识可知骑自行车从瑞典到珠穆朗玛峰是不容易的(easy)。7. A. lock8. repairC. findD. ride【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据句中的break down(出故障)可知，此处指修理(repair)自 行车。8. A. leftB. reachedC. discoveredD.toured【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。此处指在他抵达(reac

27、h)山脚前，他被狗追，被马蜂童，被雨淋。9. A. choseB. refusedC. agreedD. hated【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。Kropp选择(choose)同样的方式攀登珠峰：没有他人的帮助也没有现代的便利的设施。10. A. absenceB. confidenceC. assistanceD. knowledge【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下一句中的without a guide or helper可知。11. A. observersB. travelersC. climbersD. runners【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据文中多次出现的climber可知。12.

28、A. gatherB. orderC. shareD. bring【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此处指他没有带(bring)瓶装氧气。13. A. breatheB. walkC. liveD.stay【解析】选A。背景常识题。带氧气的目的就是帮助呼吸(breathe)。14. A. medicineB. foodC. clothesD. equipment【解析】选D。背景常识题。登山应该带着装备。15. A. tookB. spentC. costD. used【解析】选A。词语辨析题。此处指Kropp经过两次尝试后到达了珠峰的顶峰。take可以用于 it takes sb. + 时间段/次数

29、+to do sth.,表示“做某事需要某人多长时间/多少次”；spend表示“花费”，主语是人；cost表示“花费”，主语是具体某物。16. A. go onB. get upC. set outD. turnback【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据下文可知,他的第一次尝试失败是因为恶劣的天气迫使他返回(turn back)。17. A. succeededB. wonC. diedD. appeared【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下一句Hefelt deep sorrow for them可知八名登山者遇难了。18. A. surprisedB.strong-willedC. please

30、dD. disappointed【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。虽然他为遇难者感到悲痛，但他爬山的意志更加坚定。19. A. hidB. stoppedC. survivedD. rested【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此处指Kropp在等待暴风雨过去，休息了一下，几天后再次尝试。 wait out表示等到结束，wait out a storm等到风暴过去。此处waited, rested, tried是并列谓语，表示一连串的动作。20. A. hopefulB. successfulC. carefulD. meaningful【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据最后一句可知他第二次尝试成功了，然后下山骑

31、车回家了。 III.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Water Splashing Festival (泼水节)of the Dai ethnic minority falls in April. It is the most important festival 1.(observe) by the Dai people in the Dehongarea of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province.During the festival 2. lasts three or four days, people a

32、re dressed in their best clothes and participate in a variety of rich and colorful 3. (activity). Dragon boat racing, fireworks displays and other performances such as Peacock Dance 4. (hold) on the first day. And the most popular event 5.(be) water-splashing on the second day. People splash water o

33、n each other, hoping to take away sicknesses and disasters. The wetter you get, the6.(lucky) you will be. The last day is usually for the young people to play games as a way 7.(express) their love for each other.The Water Splashing Festival 8. (vivid) exhibits the Dai s respect for water and the cul

34、ture of music and dance, food, and costumes. It is also a cultural bridge 9. Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asian countries that share 10. same festival culture of water-splashing.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在四月举行的傣族泼水节的活动和意义。1 .【解析】。bserved。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知observe在句中作非谓语动词，与 逻辑主语“festival”构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填obser

35、ved。2 .【解析】which/that。考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词festival,且先行 词在从句中作主语，指节日，故用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。3 .【解析】activitieso考查名词的数。activity为可数名词，由a variety of 各种各 样的”修饰可知应用复数形式。故填activities。4 .【解析】are held。考查动词时态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事 实用一般现在时，主语为Dragon boat racing, fireworks displays and other performances

36、 ,故谓语动词用复数形式。故填are heldo5 .【解析】is。考查主谓一致。此处主语为形容词最高级，谓语动词应用单数。且描述客观 事实用一般现在时，故填is。6 .【解析】luckier。考查比较级。句意：你越湿，你就越幸运。此处为“the+比较级，the+ 比较级”结构,表示“越,越”。故填luckier。7 .【解析】to expresso考查非谓语动词。句意：最后一天通常是年轻人以玩游戏的方式来 表达他们对彼此的爱。修饰名词way用不定式作后置定语，a way to do sth. “做某事的方 式 o 故填 to expresso8 .【解析】vividly。考查副词。修饰后面的

37、动词exhibits应用副词vividly,表示“生动 地”。故填 vividly。9 .【解析】betweeno考查介词。根据短语between.and.表示“在和之间”。故填 between。10 .【解析】the。考查冠词。句意：它也是西双版纳和那些拥有一样的泼水节文化的东南 亚国家之间的文化桥梁。此处表示“一样的泼水节文化。故填the。【补偿训练】短文改错（2020 江西高一检测）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该

38、加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Many young boys and girls had the habit of smoking though they are middle schoolstudent. As we all know, smoking do harm to human beings. More and more people have realized that how serious this problem is. Bu

39、t they are never boring with it. Some people think smoking is a kind of fashion, and other think smoking can refresh himself. In fact, smoking causes many illnesses. The most serious illness causing by smoking is lung cancer. Meanwhile, smoking is waste of money. What s worse, careless smokers may c

40、ause danger fires.答案：Many young l)oys and girls had the habit of smoking havethough they are middle school sludenl. As we all know, studentssmoking do harm to human l)eings. More and more doespeople have realized that how serious this prol)lem is. But they are never boring with it. Some people think

41、 smoking boredis a kind of fashion, and olher think smoking can refresh othershimself . In fact smoking causes many illnesses. The themselvesmost serious illness causing l)y smoking is lung cancer, causedMeanwhilesmoking is A waste of money. Whats worse, acareless smokers may cause danger fires, dangerous【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，讲述了吸烟对青少年的危害。1 .【解析】第一句中had -have。考查动词的时态。句意：许多年轻的男孩和女孩有吸烟 的习惯，虽然他们还是中学生。本文陈述一个客观事实，要用一般现在时。故had改为have。2 .【解析】第一句中student f students。考查名词的数。根据前面的“they are”可知此 处要用复数形式students作表语。故student改为studentso3 .【解析】第二句中do -does。考查主谓一致。句意：众所周知，吸烟对人体有害。动名词smoking作主语，谓语动词用单数。故do改为does。