高中英语Unit1Greatscientists培优练习（含解析）新人教版必修5.docx

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1、Unit 1 Great scientists培优练习1 .根据首字母或汉语提示，用本单元所学的单词完成下列句子。1. The following （图表）shows the links among these age groups.2. These rules will have（积极的）influence on the development of the local market.3. Actually they are watching the（移动）of the fish going up the river.4. I was looking （向后地）over my shoulde

2、r when I recognized one of my old friends.5. My sister can （旋转） on her toes like a dancer.6. He doesn t know much about this subject, but he s very e.7. The scientists are c about using the new medical treatment on humans.8. Surprisingly, one of my best students was r by his dream university.9. The

3、earth is only one of the planets in the u.10. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make s.n.根据语境，用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。（每个短语仅使用一次）under construction; be absorbed into; apart from; become interested in; die of; look into; expose. to-; （be） suspected of; put forwar

4、d; slow down1. stopping water pollution by law, it is everyoneJ s responsibility to make good use of water.2. I like watching English programmes so I English.3. We consider it quite necessary tothe failure before doing anythingelse.4. The train suddenly, the lights went off, and then there was fire

5、and smoke.5. My mother cancer when I was 10 years old, so I have to learn to live alone.6. Potatoes turn green when they the light.7. . With the development of economy, our countryside is increasingly the large cities.8. The naughty boy was having damaged the computer.9. Many people are likely to ac

6、cept any idea by experts on TV.10. A new eight-kilometer road is that links the airport with the city,m.根据语境用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. One of the passengers (injure) in the accident was my friend.2. When we came in, we saw the glasses were (break).3. Can you tell me what the language (speak) in Germany is?4. T

7、he club, (found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.5. They were (determine) to finish the work as soon as possible.6. The first textbook (write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.7. They are (satisfy) with the girl, who has finished h

8、er work ahead of time.8. So far nobody has come to take away the books (discover) in the library.9. Don t drink (pollute) water, because it carries the virus.10. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope (provide).IV.语篇填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It is re

9、ported that many middle school students are just not getting enough sleep, especially during the school week. The problem seems to get L (bad) as they get older. Year 7 students sleep 8. 4 hours in a school night, and Year 9 students only 6. 9 hours.It s also reported that not getting enough sleep c

10、an cause 2 (problem) in a student, s life. Many students fall 3. (sleep) in school or while doing their homework, so it is not 4. (surprise) that they get lower grades than those who get enough sleep. Scientists suggest nine hours a night for middle school students. Of the students who feel 5. (happ

11、y) and nervous, 73% don t get enough sleep at night.W hy aren? t students getting enough sleep? Many students have one of the6.(follow) things, like telephone, television, or computer in their bedrooms. 7.(use) them on a school night not only takes their time away from homework, but also makes 8. di

12、fficult for them to sleep. As a result, many students can t sleep before 11 p. m, yet they must get up early 色(go) to school.Scientists also suggest students should not do exciting activities for an hour 10. bedtime.V.阅读理解AIt s school time again! You re probably feeling excited and maybe a little sa

13、d that summer is over. Some kids feel nervous or a little scared(害怕的)on the first day of school because of all the new things:new teachers, new friends, and even a new school. Luckily, these “new worries only stick around for a little while. Lets find out more about going to a new school.Most teache

14、rs kick off the new school year by introducing themselves and talking about all the stuff you 11 be doing that year. Some teachers give students a chance to tell something about themselves to the rest of the class, too. When teachers do the talking on the first day, they often go ov.er classroom rul

15、es and school rules so you 11 know what, s allowed and what, s not. Please pay close attention.You might already know a lot of people in your classes on the first day, but it s a great day to make new friends, so try to say hello to kids you know and new ones that you don t. Make the first move and

16、you 11 be glad, and so will your new friends!Seeing friends you haven t seen in a while can make the first day a good one. You can make the day feel special by wearing clothes that you really like. Maybe you got a great T-shirt on one of your vacations, or a pair of sneakers (运动鞋).It also can make y

17、ou feel good to be prepared and have all the things you need, such aspencils, folders, and whatever else you11 be needing. But make sure that you packthem the night before in case you dont have time in the morning.1. The underlined phrase “kick off”in the second paragraph probably meansA. start2. Th

18、e last paragraph mainly tells us .A. what to know about a new schoolB. how to prepare for a new schoolC. what to do on your first day of schoolD. how to spend your first day of school3. According to the passage you usually do everything on the first day of school EXCEPT .A. introduce yourselfB. lear

19、n about the school rulesC. make new friendsD. go over your new lessons4. If you happen to see an old friend on the first day of school, from the passage we know that you will feel .ABThe Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “Dr

20、iveLAB“ in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated（隔 绝）and inactive.Led by

21、Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation（导航）tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: For many

22、 older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in pe

23、ople avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to. ”Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the ke

24、y stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so we

25、re more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We? re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions （解决方案）to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”5. Wh

26、at is the purpose of the DriveLAB?A. To explore new means of transport.B. To design new types of cars.C. To find out older drivers problems.D. To teach people traffic rules.6. Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?A. It keeps them independent.B. It helps them save time.C

27、. It builds up their strength.D. It cures their mental illnesses.7. What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?A. Improve their driving skills.B. Develop driver-assist technologies.C.Provide tips on repairing their cars.D. Organize regular physical checkups.8. What is the best title for the te

28、xt?A. A New Model Electric CarB. A Solution to Traffic ProblemsC. Driving Services f.or EldersD. Keeping Older Drivers on the Road答案和解析I.根据首字母或汉语提示，用本单元所学的单词完成下列句子。n.根据语境，用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。（每个短语仅使用一次）1. Apart from 2. become interested in 3. look into 4. slowed down 5. died of6. are exposed to 7. being

29、 absorbed into 8. suspected of 9. put forward 10. under constructionm.根据语境用所给动词的适当形式填空。IV.语篇填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据后文as they get older可知，此处应用bad的比较级形 式。2. problems【解析】考查名词复数。这里表示问题不至一个，所以用复数形式。3. asleep【解析】考查动词固定短语。fall asleep入睡。4. suprising【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词转化的形容词作表语。5

30、. unhappy【解析】考查词义。这里指的是感到不高兴和紧张的学生，所以需用happy的反 义词 unhappy o6. following【解析】考查非谓语动词。following表示“接下来的”，为形容词，所以这 里需用形容词修饰名词thingo7. Using【解析】考查动名词。这里是动名词作主语，所以需将use改为using。8. it【解析】考查代词。这里用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to sleepo9. to go【解析】考查动词不定式。get up to do sth起床做某事，所以这里需用动词不定式。10. before【解析】考查副词。这里指的是在睡觉前。V.

31、阅读理解LA【解析】第二段叙述在新生开学时教师向学生进行自我介绍及说明学生在这一年所需做 的事情等,据此可推知答案为A项。2. B【解析】本文第二、三段主要介绍新生开学第一天的情况,最后一段讲述的是为此应做的 准备。3. D【解析】由第二、三段的叙述可知A、B、C三项都有涉及，唯独没有涉及“复习新课”这一项。4. C【解析】根据最后段第句 “Seeing friends you haven t seen in a while can make the first day a good one. ”可知开学第一天遇到老朋友是件高兴的事。5. C【解析】细节理解题。从第一段 . a mobile

32、laboratory named DriveLAB in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.”可知，DriveLAB的目的在于发现老年司机驾驶汽车所面临的问题。6. A【解析】细节理解题。从第四段第二句driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without h

33、aving to rely on others.可知，在Phil Blythe看来，驾驶汽车对于老年人之所以重要，是因为驾驶能让 他们保持独立。7. B【解析】细节理解题。从第六段The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems. 可知，研究者们想为老年司机研制一种辅助驾驶 的技术。8. D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是首尾两段可知，本文主要介绍纽卡斯尔大学智能 交通研发团队对一款电动汽车进行实验，以发现老年司机驾驶汽车的难题并加以解决，以便 他们在路上更安全行驶。故选D项。