● Grammar and Usage (译林牛津版高二英语选修八教案教学设计).docx

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1、 Grammar and Usage （译林牛津版高二英语选修八教案教学设计） Grammar and UsageStep 1: General introductionThe grammar items in this unit focus on negative statements. You are expected to understand the meanings of negative statements. You will also learn the ways to make a negative statement. Then you may apply what you

2、 have learnt to practical use by finishing two exercises.Step 2: ExercisesTurn the following into negative statements:1. They re listening to pop music now.2. Many people can speak English nowadays.3. You must make your bed after you get up every day.4. His mother has a beautiful car.I can see nothi

3、ng/nobody.Nothing can be so simple as this.Neither of them is right.5）连续否定You didnt see him, neither/nor did I.You dont know, I dont know either.He doesnt know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French.6）半否定句We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.I know little Engl

4、ish.I saw few people.7）双重否定You cant make something out of nothing.Whats done cannot be undone.There is no sweet without sweat.No gain without pains.I can t help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.No man is so old but (that) he can learn.8)排解否定Everyone is ready except you.He did nothing but play.But

5、for your help, I couldnt do it.9)加强否定I won t do it at all.I can t see it any more.He is no longer a boy.Step 4: Consolidation1. Multiple choice2. His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV, but .A. a little did he hear B. little did he hearC. little heard he D. a little h

6、eard he3. During the war, but also he lost his wife and his child.A. not was his job in the lab taken awayB. not only was his job in the lab taken awayC. not merely his job in the lab was taken awayD. not just was taken away his job in the lab4. I think this is the first time that we have met. _anyw

7、here.A. Before have we never seen each other B. Never before we have seen each otherC. Each other have we seen never before D. Never before have we seen each other5. - The old man wouldn t stay at home for a rest even if it rained.一一 . He would feel sick if he stayed home for oneA. So would my grand

8、pa B. So wouldn t my grandpaC. Neither would my grandpa D. Nor wouldn t my grandpa6. By no means to our plan for the trip.A. will she agree B. she will agree C. agrees she D. will agree she7. They went into a small house but .A. no persons did they find B. not a person found theyC. not a person did

9、they find D. not a person they found8. Henry often helps look after Granny Wang, but.A. seldom is George B. seldom George doesC. seldom does George D. seldom looks George after Granny Wang9. Nothing but two ancient Chinese coins after they took out the jar.A. did they find in it B. they found in itC

10、. in it did they find D. in it found theyIL Translation1 .这两本书都不是英国出版的。2 .你们当中我一个也不熟悉。3 .我不同意全部这些方案。4 .在他还没来之前，我们就把全部的工作都做完了。5 .这些规章制度多不完善！6 .未经允许，任何人不得入内。7 .听到这个消息后，没有一个人不感到惊异。8 .人们直到失去了健康才知道健康的珍贵。9 .直到五月的一个星期六下午，玛格丽特才支配我与她姐姐见 面。10 .不久他就告知了我们这件事。11 .对他的成果我们怎么赞扬也不过分。12 .他刚进办公室，电话铃就响了。13 .只有傻瓜才会做这种事情

11、。14 .她是班里最自私的了。15 .他的失败完全是由于他自己的马虎大意。Keys :I. 1-5 BBDCA 6-8 CCB1. Neither of the books is published in England.2. I know none of you.3. I agree to none of these plans.4. We had finished all the work before he came.5. How imperfect the rules and regulations are!6. Nobody can come in without permissio

12、n.7. Having heard the news, everybody felt surprised.There was nobody who did not feel surprised.There was nobody but felt surprised.8. People do not know the blessing of health until they lose it.9. It was not until a Saturday afternoon in May that Margaret could arrange for me to meet her elder si

13、ster.10. It wasn，t long before he told us about this affair.11. We can hardly praise his achievement too much.12. No sooner had he entered the office than the telephone rang.13. None but a fool would do such a thing.14. Nobody is more selfish than her in the class.15. His failure was due to nothing

14、else than his own carelessness.文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有 需要的人。5. We need a pen and piece of paper.6. I need wear a warm coat.7. The old man always goes for a walk in the park after supper.8. The doctors volunteer in the countryside every year.9. Mike does sports in the afternoon.10. You d better

15、talk with your parents right now.Keys:1. They aren t listening to pop music now.2. Many people can t speak English nowadays.3. You don t have to make your bed after you get up every4. His mother doesn t have a beautiful car.5. We don t need a pen and piece of paper.6. I needn t wear a warm coat.7. T

16、he old man seldom goes for a walk in the park after supper.8. The doctors don t volunteer in the countryside every year.9. Mike doesn t do sports in the afternoon.10. You d better not talk with your parents right now.Step 3: Explanation and practice1. Make a list of the most commonly used negative w

17、ords:no, not, never, neither, hardly, seldom, few, little, barely*2. Please decide whether it is a true statement: John Keats was a famous short story writer.This statement is untrue. We can correct an untrue statement in the following way:John Keats was not a famous short story writer.3. As we lear

18、ned, negative statements are often used to correct a mistaken idea. Let s recall the ways to make negative statements.4 Read Part 1 and Part 2. When not is used with a negative prefix, the meaning of the sentence is positive. However, the positive meaning is not as strong as that of a direct positiv

19、e statement. For example:Students are not discouraged to discuss things with their classmates. (Students are encouraged to discuss things with their classmates.)Your actions were not inexcusable, but they were certainly not appropriate. (Your actions were excusable, but certainly not appropriate.)It

20、 is not uncommon for him to be late. (It is very common for him to be late.)not can be used before a phrase of time, distance or a noun phrase to emphasize the negative meaning of the phrase. For example:It is not a long distance from the city center to the new railway station. (=It is very near fro

21、m the city center to the new railway station.)It will not be long before most people around the world know how to use a computer. (=Soon, people around the world will know how to use a computer.)There were not many people present for the lecture. (=There were very few people present for the lecture.

22、)5. Read Part 3. In informal English, the negative expressions can be used with whether and if to show doubt or uncertainty. For example:I wouldnt be surprised if they didn t buy a house soon. (=1 wouldn t be surprised if they bought a house soon.)I wonder whether/if I shouldnt get a haircut. (=1 wo

23、nder whether/if I should get a haircut.)I wonder whether/if I shouldnt buy a new suit. (=1 wonder whether/if I should buy a new suit.)6. Read Part 4. Pay attention to some negative expressions.on no account, in no circumstances, never before, nowhere, at no time, by no means,7. Read a book report wr

24、itten by Sharon. Try to cycle the negative statements.AnswersA 1 he experiences an abnormal childhood without any parents.2 He is raised in a place with other children who also have no parents.3 He is then sent to a workhouse, where he has to work very hard and hardly has time to relax.4 Oliver does

25、 not like anything about the workhouse.5 He is treated very badly and seldom has enough food or water.6 Fagin is not a good character and cares only about himself.7 Oliver does not know anything at first and stays with Fagin.8 He does not want to steal from anyone, but in order to survive, Oliver is

26、 forced to become a criminal.9 Mr Barnlow is a man without any of Fagin s vices.10 Unless Oliver can escape, he will never be reunited with Mr Barnlow.11 He will have only misfortune, not a real family and the love he deserves, which is the major theme of the book.8. Finish Part B individually.Answe

27、rsB 1 surprised if, didn t2 not uncommon3 Not many4 wonder whether/if, shouldn tFor referenceThere are some other patterns which can be used to express negation.1 too + adjective +to-infinitiveIn this pattern too, with the meaning very , is used before an adjective. After the adjective, an infinitiv

28、e is used to mean (somebody) cannot do or something cannot be done. Sometimes for somebody can be used before the infinitive. For example:My father is too old to have such a long journey. (=My father is very old and cannot travel so long.)She is too happy to say a word at the party. (=She is so happ

29、y that she cannot say anything at the party.)The box is too heavy to carry. (=The box is so heavy that no one can carry it.)The house is too expensive for us to buy. (=The house is so expensive that we cannot buy it.)2 few + a countable noun; little +an uncountable nounWhen we use few to modify a co

30、untable noun, we mean not many , and the noun should be in its plural form. When we use little to modify an uncountable noun, we mean not much . And few or little here has the negative meaning. For example:Few students in our class have ever read Katherine Mansfield s short stories. (=Not many/Only

31、one or two students in our class have ever read Katherine Mansfield s short stories.)We have little rain all this summer. (=It almost does not rain during this summer.)Because few or little has the negative meaning, we do not use the negative form in question tags. For example:Few people liked his p

32、ainting at that time, did they?There is little ink in the bottle, is there?For reference关于英语中的否定句1） 一般否定I don t know this. No news is good news.There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house.2）特指否定He went to his office, not to see him.I am sorry for not coming on time.I don t think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.3）部分否定I don t know all of them.I can t see everybody/everything.All the answers are not right.（并非全部答案都对。）All is not gold that glitters.（闪光的不肯定都是金子。）Both of them are not right.（并非两人都对。）4）全体否定None of my friends smoke.