2023年雅思考试备考复习试题带答案.docx

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1、2023年雅思考试备考复习试题带答案2023年雅思索试备考复习试题带答案对一件东西的爱好是由学问产生，学问愈精确，爱好也就愈剧烈。 要达到这精确，就须对所应爱好的事物全体所由组成的每一个总分都 有透彻精确的学问。以下是我为大家搜寻整理2023年雅思索试备考 复习试题带答案，期望能给大家带来帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注 我们应届毕业生考试网！From The Economist print editionHow shops can exploit peoples herd mentality to increase sales1. A TRIP to the supermarket may no

2、t seem like an exercise in psychological warfarebut it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than ch

3、eaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how swarm intelligence (that is, how ants, bees or any social animal, including humans, behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome, Zeeshan

4、-ul-hassan Usmani, a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology, described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance, by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs

5、 at the back of the store, forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes, also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be

6、popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmanis supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information, a

7、nd every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it

8、too.4. Mr Usmanis swarm-moves model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the right productthat is, the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the

9、 real world, mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work, and testing will get under way in the spring.5. Another rece

10、nt study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could, indeed, be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14, 000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The resear

11、chers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded, they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank, but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed, the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced

12、. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.6. In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category,

13、and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem, a company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.7. And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shop

14、pers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home, you can still be part of the swarm.Questions 1-6Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.1. Shopowners realize that the smell of c

15、anincrease sales of food products.2. In shops, products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more .3. According to Mr. Usmani, with the use of swarm intelligence phenomenon, a new method can be applied to encourage.4. On the way to everyday items at the back of the store, sho

16、ppers might be tempted to buy .5. If the number of buyers shown on the is high, other customers tend to follow them.6. Using the swarm-moves model, shopowners do not have to give customers to increase sales.Questions 7-12Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading pas

17、sage? For questions 7-12 writeYES if the statement agrees with the informationNO if the statement contraicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage7. Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.8. P

18、eople tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.9. Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.10. People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.11. Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen a

19、ccording to the sales data of other shops.12. Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.Answer keys：13. 案：(freshly baked) bread.(第 1 段第 2 行：Shoppers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they i

20、ntended.)14. 案：expensive.(第 1 段第 4 行：Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)15. 案：impulse buying.(第 2 段第 1 句：At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome,Zeeshan- ul- hassan Usmani, a computer scie

21、ntist from the Florida Institute of Technology, described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)16. 答案:other (tempting) goods/things/products.(第 2 段 第 2 句：Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance, by placing everyday i

22、tems such as milk and eggs at the back of the store, forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)17. 答案：screen.(第 3 段第 4 彳亍：As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If t

23、he number is high, he is more likely to select it too.)18. 案：discounts.(第 4 段第第 1 句：Mr Usman is swarm- moves model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)19. 案：NO.(第 4 段第 3、4 句：The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world, mainly b

24、ecause radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal- Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interested in his workd, and testing will get under way in the spring. 短 语get under way，的意思是“开头进行，在Wal-Ma

25、rt的试验要等 到春天才开头)20. 案：NOT GIVEN.(在文中没有提及该信息)21. 案：YESo (第 5 段第 3 句：The reseachers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they have been downloaded, they followed the crowd.)22. 答案：NOo (第 5 段最终两句：When the songs are not ordered by rank, but the number of times they had been

26、 downloaded was displayed, the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so. pronounced 的.词义是显著 的、明显的)23. 答案：YES。(第 6 段第 1 句：In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.)24. 答案：YESo (最终一段最终一句：Even in the privacy of your home, you can still be part of the swarm, home 应当算 是 everyday life 的一部分文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有 需要的人。