2024年中考英语复习语法一轮复习考点疑问句和反义疑问句 考点剖析（讲义）.docx

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1、2024届初三英语中考一轮复习语法考点疑问句和反义疑问句 考点剖析（讲义）疑问句定义疑问句通常来说，是指提出问题，然后请对方回答的问句，要用问号结 尾。是中考中的高频考点。通常根据结构分为：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、 选择疑问句和反意疑问句。一般疑问句一般疑问句，一般用yes/no回答的，但口语中也可以用certainly, probably, of course, all right, with pleasure 等来代替 yes；用 never, not at all等代替no,如:Do you go to bed early?Yes, I do. /No, I dont.-Have you

2、 finished reading the novel?Yes, I have. / No, I havent.Could you do me a favor?Certainly.Have they ever been to New York?Never.肯定句中如有be动词和情态动词的各种形式，将其移至句首，原句 的主语大写改为小写，再把句号改为问号即可。We shall go home at once. Shall we go home at one?He is very happy.Is he very happy ?肯定句中如谓语动词为行为动词或连系动词(不包含be)的不同形 式，在句

3、首分别加助动词do, does, did后，将原句中的动词改为原形，原 句的主语大写改为小写，再把句号改为问号即可。I often go to school by bike.Do you often go to school by bike?He always goes fishing on Sundays.Does he always go fishing on Sundays?She ate the cake quickly.Did she eat the cake quickly?She looks worried.Does she look worried?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句(Spe

4、cial Questions),也可称为wh-questions,因为多数 都以 who, where, when, which, whose, why 等开头，如：Whaf s wrong with your pen?Whos on duty today?Where were you born?结构特殊疑问句的结构为：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句What shall we do next?Which book do you like best? 有时可以有一个以上的疑问词When and where did you meet? 有时以介词开头By whom is the novel written

5、? 疑问词作主语时，与陈述句的语序相同Who is knocking the window? Why dont.和Why not.二句型表示劝告、建议、责备等，不属于 特殊疑问句Why dont you go there?Why not go swimming?选择疑问句选择疑问句(Alternative Questions) 一般提出两种或两种以上的可能， 问对方选择哪一种。其结构可用一般疑问句，也可用特殊疑问句，供选择的 两部分用。r连接，前者用升调，后者用降调。Do you go to work by bike or on foot?Which do you like better, t

6、ea or coffee?Are they ready or not?反意疑问句反意疑问句（Disjunctive Questions）又称为附加疑问句，是常用于口语 的疑问句，由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是附加的一简短问 句（question tag）,中间用逗号隔开。反意疑问句前肯定后否定，前否定后 肯定。【主语一致原则；谓语一致原则；语气相反原则。】如：This is your new hat, isnt it?（前肯定+后否定）You didnt mop the floor yesterday, did you?（前否定+后肯定）She doesnt like coffee

7、, does she?（前否定+后肯定）There is little milk in the bottle, is there?（前否定+后肯定）语调通常陈述句部分用降调，附加问句用升调；She cant drive, can she?He speaks French, doesnt he?对自己的看法比较肯定而又希望听者同意这种看法时，前后都用降调。She doesnt like pop music, does she?No, she doesnt.（期望回答）She likes pop music, doesnt she?Yes, she does.（期望回答）答语反意疑问句的答语一般由

8、yes或no来回答，注意时态及人称的呼应。He is your teacher, isnt he?Yes, he is.No, he isnt.在前否定后肯定的句子中，yes意为“不”，而no意为“是He cant swim, can he?Yes, he can.不，他会。No, he cant.是，他不会。反意疑问句特殊形式陈述句为I am时，问句部分习惯上用aren,t I或ain5t I。I am late, arent I/aint I?陈述句的主语是 something, everything, nothing, anything 等不定代词 时，问句的主语用it。Nothing

9、is serious, isnt it?Everything is ready, isnt it? 陈述句的主语为 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody等不定代词时，问句的主语多用they。Everyone is here, arent they?No one was in danger, werent they?陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时，问句的主语通常用it；是 these, those时，问句的主语通常用they”。This is very important, isnt it?Those are te

10、apots, arent they?陈述句的主语为不定代词one时，问句的主语在正式场合用one,非 正式场合用you （美语也用he）。One should obey the traffic rules, shouldnt one/you/he? 陈述句的主语为从句、不定式或动名词时，问句的主语用it。What you said is true, isnt it?To learn English well is important, isnt it?Practising playing the piano isnt easy every day, is it? 陈述句为there be句型，

11、问句也用there be形式。There are some birds in the sky, arent there?There isnt a book in the bag, is there? 陈述句谓语动词为wish表示征求意见时，问句用may。I wish to see a film now, may I? 陈述句带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, barely 等否定意义的词时，也视为否定句，反意问句用肯定式。He never tells a lie, does he?She has few friends, does she

12、? 陈述句谓语动词为have to, has to, had to R寸，问句用dont, doesnt, didnt。They have to get up early, dont they?She has to study English, doesnt she?He had to go home now, didnt he? 陈述句谓语动词为used to 13寸，问句用usedn5t或didnt。She used to live here, usednt she/didnt she?There used to be a theater, usednt there/didn9t ther

13、e? 陈述句谓语动词为ought to时，问句用oughtnt,正式文体中 也用 shouldnt。She ought not to be punished, ought she?We ought to obey the rules, oughtnt we/shouldn9t we?注:正式文体中，有用ought we not/should we not这一形式。We ought to leave now, ought we not/should we not?They ought to finish the task soon, ought they not? 陈述句中dare和need为情

14、态动词，问句用dare或need；dare和need为实义动词时，问句用do的适当形式。We need do it again, neednt we ?She dare not say so, dare she?She doesn*t dare to go there alone, does she? 含有情态动词must时，有以下几种情况：must表示“有必要”时,用neednt。You must go home at once, neednt you?mustnt表示禁I上时，用must或may oYou mustnt laugh, must you/may you?must表示对现在的推

15、测，根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。She must be tired, isnt she?must表示对过去的推测时，如果强调对过去情况的推测（一般 有过去时间状语），问句用didnt；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有 过去时间状语），用havent或hasnt。She must have met him last night, didnt she?You must have read the novel, havent you? 陈述句为祈使句时，有以下几种情况需要注意：祈使句为肯定式时，问句用肯定式或否定式均可，肯定式在语 气上更委婉客气。Pass me the salt, wi

16、ll you/wont you?Stop talking in the library, will you/wont you?祈使句为否定时，问句只能用肯定式，肯定式在语气上更委婉 客气。Dont make a noise, will you?Dont be lazy, will you?以let飞开头的祈使句（表示“建议”，包括说话者和听话者）， 问句用shall we; let us开头的祈使句（表示“请求”，不包括听话 者），问句用will youoLefs go to school, shall we?Let us go to school, will you?口语中也可以用all r

17、ight/OKoLefs go swimming, all right/OK?陈述句为主从复合句的反意疑问句，复合句的问句一般与主句 保持一致。She said that they were happy, didnt she? 当陈述句为I think (believe, suppose) that等时，问句通常 与从句保持一致(注意否定前移)；主语为第二、第三人称时，问句与 主句保持一致。I suppose that it is too difficult, isnt it?I dont believe she will be back soon, will she?You think he is a good doctor, dont you?They dont think he knew anything about it, do they? 陈述句为并列复合句时，问句一般与邻近的分句的主语保持一 致。They must leave now or they cant get there on time, can they?Johnson is a top student, but his sister isnt a top student, is she?