年中考英语语法复习被动语态导学案.docx

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1、被动语态一、相关概念1 .含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子中主语和谓语动词的关系.如果主语是动词的执行者,则使用 语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用 语态，在句中，不强调动作的执行者时, 通常使用 语态.2 .主动语态变被动语态主动语态：The boyH动作执行者被动语态：The window 动作承受者3 .构成：broke动词主动形式was broken动词被动形式the window动作承受者 by the boy动作执行者yesterday.yesterday.(1)肯定句：主语+ be + done(过去分词)+ (by.). 英语被许多人说.Englishmany peo

2、ple.(2)否定句：主语+ be not + done(过去分词)+ (by-.). 这条路不经常被使用.This roadvery often.(3)一般疑问句：Be+主语+done(过去分词)+(by.)？ 那座桥是被建在长江上吗? that bridgeover the Changjiang River?(4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+done(过去分词)+(by.)？ 电话是什么时候被发明的?the telephone?4.知识拓展：注意人称，时态和数的变化.(以give为例)时态主动语态被动语态结构一般现在时give/gives现在进行时is/am/are giving一般将

3、来时shall/will give现在完成时have/has given一般过去时gave过去进行时was/were giving情态动词must/can/may give二、主动语态变被动语态的几种特殊情况和注意事项：1 .用于词组的被动语态，常用于表示“据说”或者“相信”，例如:据说人们相信据报道人们认为有望众所周知2 .巧记口诀：感使动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪。主动语态,被动语态感使役 The boss made him work all day. -Heall day (by the boss). I often hear her sing this song. -She often

4、 this song (by me).3 .动词短语变为被动语态时，不能丢掉动词后的介词或者副词.【介不丢】by her every day.politely by people. She takes care of the baby every day. -The baby People should speak to the old politely. -The old This dictionary mustntthe library.A. take away B. be taken away C. be taken away from4 .主动形式表示被动含义（主表被）1)像,等系动词

5、(系动词无被动语态)This shirt feels much softer than that one.Everything will prove to be all right in the end.2)表示主语特征、状态、性的v:,，This kitchen cleans very easily. 这种食物尝起来好卖的也好.This food tastesand well. 这支笔写的很糟/很流畅.This penbadly/smoothly. 这家商店八点营业.The shopat 8 AM.3)表示发生的v: , , , The accident happened last week

6、.The news spread quickly and at last our teacher knew it. Great changes in the last 3 years.A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. have happened昨天这个城镇发生了一场事故.An accidentin this town yesterday.4) want/need / require/ be worth doing (doing 表被动意义) 你的衣服需要洗.Your clothes need. = Your clothes need

7、 This book is worth.(read) This stamp is worth/collect)三、自我挑战1 .(2022济南)The story of Xiaohui is so touching that it will never by us.A. is forgottenB. forgetC. be forgottenD. forgot2 .(2022滨州)The 24th Winter Olympics in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in2022,from February 4th to 20th.A. heldB. was heldC. wi

8、ll be heldD. has been held3 .（2022武汉）During the Tang dynasty, nearly everything produced in the world _ on the streets of Changan.A. is foundB. has been found C. will be found D. could be found4 .（2022湖北）-Many DIY cards to mothers on Mothers Day every year .-How creative!A. is sendingB. are sending

9、C. is sentD. are sent5 .（2022贵港）-People to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during theCOVID-19 pandemic（新冠疫情）.I think its a good way to protect ourselves.A. are askingB. are asked C. askedD. ask6 .（2022广西）Chinese by more and more people in the world.A. speakB. speaksC. is

10、speaking7 .（2022贺州）After the boys homework, he went out to play.A. finishedB. finishes C. was flnished8 . （2022河池）Some new schools in our city next year.A. are builtB. were built C. will build9 .（2022重庆）His guitar as a gift for him last week.A. buysB. is bought C. boughtD. is spokenfinishedD. will b

11、e builtD. was bought10.（2022遂宁）-More and more hightechnology products in China.-country is becoming stronger and stronger.D. are madeA. is making B. are making C. is madeWriting:在过去的很多年(In the past years ),我们已经做了很多工作去改善我们的教学环境。众所周知, 一栋新教学楼已经建成并将投入使用(put into use)。此外，新的图书馆正在建造之中，这将给学生们提供 一个更好的学习环境。花园里我们正在种植新的树木，这样可以在夏天给我们提供阴凉(shade)。总而言之, 学校会变得越来越漂亮，在这里我们可以开心地工作和学习。