高一英语暑假课（译林版2020必修第一册）unit3语法讲解.docx

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1、高一英语暑假精品课（译林版2020必修第一册）unit3语法讲解学习目标1 .初步掌握必修一第三单元的语法知识点-关系代词引导的定语从句2 .能够运用该单元的语法正确做题基础知识Unit 3关系代词引导的定语从句定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫 定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。关系代词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾 语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句。关系代词具体有：that, which, who, whom, whose定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。

2、但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句 和先行词被某些成分隔开。关系代词的基本用法使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题:a.在以下几种情况下只使用that不用whicho1 .先彳亍词是不定代词时，如：all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, mucho1.1 told him all (that) I know.2 .He gave her everything (that) he had.3 .先行词被 all, every, any, the very, the only, the just 等修饰时。1.1 have r

3、ead all the books (that) you gave me.2 . You can take any book (that) you like.3 .先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read.2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai.4.先行词既有人又有物时。1 .We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school.2 .The

4、people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found.5 .在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。1. Who is the boy that helped you?2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday?6 .若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the ti

5、me.7 .当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be.b.在以下几种情况下只使用which不用thato1 .引导非限制性定语从句时。I have lost my pen, which I like very much, (which 作宾语，指代主句中的 pen)New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句)2 .若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是whi

6、ch,另一个须用that。The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best.3 .先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时，引导词只用who不用thato1 .先行词为 all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时， 须用 whoo1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now.2. Those who wan

7、t to see the film please put up your hands.3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man.2 .在非限制性定语从句中，须用whooToms father, who is over sixty, still works hard.3 .在被分隔的定语从句中，须用whooA new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.4 .在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。There is a stranger who

8、 wants to see our headmaster.5 .若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that,另一个须用who。The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard.d. as和which的使用场合。如： As we all know, he studies very hard.比较： He studies very hard, as / which we all know.Ive never seen such a clever man as he is.He has

9、to work on Sundays, which he doesnt like.He was late, which made the teacher angry.The bridge is really wonderful, as (is) shown in the picture.The experiment is very important, as indeed it is.e. the same.as 和 the same. that的不同。This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.这本书和我昨天借给你的相似。(相似物)This is the same book that I lent you yesterday.这正是我昨天借给你的那本书。（同一物）