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1、考点3-细节理解之细节排序题-练高考-心中有数1. （2014年，四川卷）A schoolgirl saved her fathers life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic （过敏的）reaction which stopped his heart.Izzy, nine, restarted father Colms heart by stamping （踩）on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.Izzys

2、mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR.However, she quickly discovered her arms werent strong enough, so she stamped on her father chest instead.Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compress

3、ions （按压）until the ambulance arrived.Izzy, who has been given a bravery award by her school, said: I just kicked him really hard. My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasnt strong enough to use hands. I was quite scared. The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse. My mum said that Dad was g

4、oing to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”“Shes a little star,” said Debbie, I was really upset but Izzy just took over. I just cant believe what she did. I really think all children should be taught first aid. Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up. Colm had to have more treatment on the

5、way to the hospital and weve got to see an expert.”Truck driver Colm, 35, suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital, but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day. The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled, preventing him from breathing, h

6、is blood pressure dropped suddenly, and his heart stopped for a moment.He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.1 .Izzy kicked her father in the chestA.to express her helplessnessB.to practise CPR on himC.to keep him awakeD.to restart his heart2 .Whafs the right order of the events?Izzy ki

7、cked Colm.Debbie called 999.Izzy learned CPR.Colms heart stopped.A.3124B.4231C.3421D.43123 .What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?A.What Colm suffered.B.Colms present condition.C.What caused Colms allergy.D.Symptoms of Colms allergic reaction.52 .词义猜测题。划线词的this是关键词，指代上文内容。根据上文“Nearly two hundred y

8、ears later, Leeuwenhoeks discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. Pasteurs theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were th

9、e result of Leeuwenhoeks original work.（近两百年后，Leeuwenhoek 对微生物的发现帮助 法国化学家和生物学家Louis Pasteur发展了他的疾病理论。Louis Pasteur的理论后来帮助医 生对抗传染病，包括炭疽、白喉、小儿麻痹症、天花、破伤风和伤寒。所有这些突破都是 Leeuwenhoek独创的成果。）可推知，划线词指代的是Leeuwenhoek的贡献。故选C项。53 .推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话“And therefore; whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thou

10、ght it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be infonned thereof. （每当我发现了什么不寻常的东西，我就认为我 有责任把我的发现写在纸上，以便让科学界知道这一点。）可推知，他认为共享知识是科学 进步的关键。故选D项。54 .细节理解题。根据首段的第二句In the late 1600s. Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses he used to examine cloth, built

11、some of the first-microscopes.（在 17 世Z己末。 Leeuwenhoek受到他用来检查布料的放大镜的启发，制造了一些最早的显微镜。）可知，显 微镜的发明在放大镜之后。根据第二段的第三句He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood.”（他在池塘水、雨水和人体血液样本中发现了不同 的微生物。）可知，在显微镜发明之后发现不同的微生物。根据尾段的第一句“In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to

12、 science this way:（在 1716 年的一封信中，他这样描述了 自己 对科学的贡献）以及第三段的首句Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease.” （近两百年后，Leeuwenhoek对微生物的发现帮助法国化学家和生物学家路Louis Pasteur发展了他的疾病理论）可知，疾病理论的提出在后。故选A项。6.Fauja Sin

13、gh, 109, who broke marathon records and was called SupermarT before hanging up his running shoes six years ago, will be the subject of a Bollywood film, Fauja, tracing his remarkable career.Mr. Singh, born in India in 1911, was an enthusiastic amateur runner in his youth, but gave it up. After a ser

14、ies of personal tragedies including the deaths of his wife and two of his children, he returned to his former passion in his eighties.He moved to the UK soon after and now lives in Lyford, east London. He arrived for his first training session in Redbridge in a three- piece suit, and his first race

15、was the London marathon in 2000. Three years later in Toronto, he broke the world record for the 90-plus. In 2011, when he turned 100, Mr. Singh set eight world records in a day. He ran the 100m in 23.14, then added the 200m. 400m, 800m, 1.500m, the mile, the 3.000m and 5.000m world records. Three o

16、f the events had never been attempted by anyone over the age of 100 before. Days later, he became the firstcentenarian to complete marathon, again in Toronto, with a time of 8: 25: 27.Mr. Singh retired from competitive running in 2013 but continued jogging for pleasure. When asked about the secret o

17、f longevity he owed it to a vegetarian diet and avoiding smoking, alcohol and fried food. Of marathon running he said, “The first 20 miles are not difficult. As for the last six miles, I keep talking to myself, Keep it up, old boy! 55. What do we know about Fauja Singh?A. He was first trained in Tor

18、onto.B. He is the inspiration for a movie.C. He used to be a professional runner.D. He is still active in competitive running now.56. Whafs the right order of the events?Fauja moved to the UK.Fauja hung up his running shoes.Fauja set 8 world records in a dayFaujas wife and two of his children died.B

19、.D.B. Smoking less.D. His healthy lifestyle.B. A Lifelong RunnerD. A Centenarian RunnerA.C.57. What contributes to Mr. Singhs long life?A. His personal tragedies.C. His passion for marathon.58. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Fauja Singh Turs 109C. The Birth of a Bollywood Superstar【答案】

20、BCDD【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了现年109岁的Fauja Singh曾打破马拉松纪录， 在6年前他挂上跑鞋之前就被称为“超人”，他将成为宝莱坞电影华嘉的主角，追溯他非 凡的职业生涯。文章介绍了他的个人经历和长寿原因。55.细节理解题。根据第一段Fauja Singh, 109, who broke marathon records and was called “SupermarT before hanging up his running shoes six years ago, will be the subject of a Bollywood film, Fauja, t

21、racing his remarkable career.（现年 109 岁的 Fauja Singh 曾打破马拉松纪录，在 6 年前他挂上跑鞋之前就被称为“超人”，他将成为宝莱坞电影华嘉的主角，追溯他非凡的 职业生涯）”可知，Fauja Singh是一部电影的灵感来源。故选B。56.细节理解题。根据第二 段中“After a series of personal tragedies including the deaths of his wife and two of his children, he returned to his former passion in his eightie

22、s.（在经历了一系列的个人悲剧，包括他的妻子和 两个孩子的死亡后，他在80多岁时重拾了他以前的激情广；第三段中“He moved to the UK soon after and now lives in Lyford, east London.（不久之后,他搬到了英国，现在住在伦敦东部 的 Lyford）； “In 2011, when he turned 100, Mr. Singh set eight world records in a day.（ 2011 年 Singh 100岁生日时，他在一天内创造了八项世界纪录）以及第四段中“Mr. Singh retired fromcomp

23、etitive running in 2013 but continued jogging for pleasured 2013 年，Singh 退出了长跑比 赛，但仍以慢跑为乐）”可知，事件顺序为。故选C。57 .细节理解题。根据第四段中“When asked about the secret of longevity he owed it to a vegetarian diet and avoiding smoking, alcohol and fried food.（当被问及长寿的秘诀时，他把它归 功于素食和避免吸烟、喝酒和油炸食品厂可知，Singh先生长寿的原因是他健康的生活方式。

24、故选Do58 .主旨大意题。根据第一段Fauja Singh, 109, who broke marathon records and was called “SupermarT before hanging up his running shoes six years ago, will be the subject of a Bollywood film, Fauja, tracing his remarkable career.（现年 109 岁的 Fauja Singh 曾打破马拉松纪录，在 6 年前他挂上跑鞋之前就被称为“超人、他将成为宝莱坞电影华嘉的主角，追溯他非凡的 职业生涯）”

25、结合文章介绍了他的个人经历和长寿原因。可知，D选项“一个百岁跑步者最符 合文章标题。故选D。7.An egg sinks to the bottom if you drop it into a glass of ordinary drinking water but what happens if you add salt? The results are very interesting and can teach you some fun facts about density （密度）.What youll need：*One egg *Water *Salt *A tall drink

26、ing glassInstructions：Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.Mix in lots of salt（about 6 tablespoons）.Carefully pour in plain water until the glass is nearly full（be careful not to mix the salt water with the plain water）.Gently lower the egg into the water and watch what happens.Whaf

27、s happening?Salt water is denser than ordinary tap water. The denser the liquid is, the easier it is for an object to float in it. When you lower the egg into the liquid it drops through the normal tap water until it reaches the salt water, and at this point the water is dense enough for the egg to

28、float. If you were careful when you added the tap water to the salt water, they would not mix, enabling the egg to amazingly float in the middle of the glass.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了鸡蛋放入盐水中的实验过程。1. Which of the following is the CORRECT order?Mix in lots of salt.Gently lower the egg into the water.Carefully pou

29、r in plain water until the glass is nearly full.Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.A.B.C.D.【答案】B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三部分的“Pour water into the glass until it is about half full/和:Gently lower the egg into the water and watch what happens可知，往杯子里倒半杯水是第一个步骤，而轻轻把鸡蛋放进 水里，观察结果是最后一个步骤，故选B。2. Wha

30、t will happen if you drop an egg into a glass of water with about 6 tablespoons of salt?A. It will float in the water.B It will sink to the bottom.C. Nothing will happen.D. The result is not known.【答案】A【解析】 考查推理判断。根据第四部分中的The denser the liquid the easier it is for an object to float in 和最后一句If you w

31、ere careful when you added the tap water to the salt waterthey would not mix, enabling the egg to amazingly float in the middle of the glass;可推知 , 鸡蛋放入盐水里会浮起来。3. Why can the egg float in the water according to the passage?A. Because ordinary tap water is denser than salt water.B. Because ordinary ta

32、p water is as dense as salt water.C. Because the denser the liquid is, the easier it is for an object to float in it.D. Because the more the liquid there is, the easier it is for an object to float in it.【答案】c【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一部分中的“Salt water is denser than ordinary tapwater.The denser the liquid is,

33、the easier it is for an object to float in it.”可知，液体的密度越大，物体越容易漂浮，而鸡蛋能够在盐水中浮起来是因为盐水的密度大，故选C。4.Why does the author write the news?A.To describe a serious accident.B.To prove the importance of CPR.C.To report a 9-year-old girls brave act.D.To call peoples attention to allergic reaction.【答案】l.D 2.C 3.A

34、 4.C【解析】本文是记叙文。作者主要讲述了 9岁的小女孩Izzy当父亲心脏病发作时采取急救 的事情。Izzy的母亲曾经教给Izzy 一些急救措施，当看到父亲心脏病发作的时候，她因为 手的力气小，而用脚去踩父亲的胸口，以达到使心脏恢复跳动的目的。机智勇敢的Izzy不 仅救了父亲，而且还因此受到了学校的奖励。1 .细节理解题。根据文章第二段 Izzy, nine, restarted father Colnfs heart by stamping （踩）on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.可知，Izzy 用脚

35、踩父亲胸 口的目的就是 为了让他的心脏恢复跳动。故选D。2 .细节理解题。Izzy学会急救方法是最先发生的事情，之后是父亲晕倒之后，母亲去拨打了 急救电话，而Izzy怕医生不能及时赶到，而又去对父亲采取了必要的急救措施。故选C。3 .主旨大意题。在文章第八段中作者对Colm,也就是Izzy的父亲进行了介绍，这位卡车司 机因病而住院接受治疗，然而在出院的第二天病症又次发生，以至于呼吸停止，由此可知本 段内容主要讲述了 Colm发病的事情。故选A。4 .推理判断题。在文章中作者主要讲述了当父亲发病，呼吸心脏停止的时候，Izzy采取急救 行动救父亲的故事，通过这件事描写了小女孩Izzy的勇敢，而其他

36、选项内容片面，不能反 应文章的中心。故选C。2. （2013山东卷）You cant always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Bel yaev doesnt think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result i n you getting wet. Thats why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with its own r

37、ain sensing umbrel la.The designer says he come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russi a.Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up peop le trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy（

38、伞 蓬）built into a street lamp/ he said.The Lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a bui It-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors（传感 器）then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.In

39、 addition to the rain sensor, theres also a 360 motion sensor on the fiberglass street lam p which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used th e canopy is closed.According to the designer, the lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to

40、cause harm tothe pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lighting strike. E ach Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only bea danger for the tallest of pedestrians.While there are no plans to take l

41、ampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introdu ced his creation one Moscow Department, and insists this creation could be installed on my street where a lot of peoplewalk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.66. For what purpose did Belyaev create the lampbrella?A. To predict a

42、heavy rainB. To check the weather forecastC. To protect people from the rainD. To remind people to take an umbrella67. What do we know from Belyaevs worlds in Paragraph!?A. His creation was inspired by an experienceB. it rains a lot in the city of Saint PetersburgC. Street lamps are protected by can

43、opiesD. He enjoyed taking walks in the rain68. Which of the following show how the lampbrella works?A. motor一canopy一sensorsB. Sensorsmotor一canopyC. motor一sensors一canopyD. canopy一motorsensors69. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the lampbrella?A. Its moving speedB. Its appearanceC. Its insta

44、llationD. Its safety70. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The designer will open a company to promote his productB. The lampbrella could be put into immediate productionC. The designer is confident that his creation is practicalD. The lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow66 .C考查细节理

45、解。根据第一段的最后两句可知，他发明这种灯伞的目的是让行人免遭雨 淋。67 . A考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可知，Belyaev在俄罗斯的一次下雨天的经历激发了 他的灵感，发明了灯伞，所以选A。68 .B考查细节理解。根据文章的第三段内容可知，传感器可以感知雨水的降落，然后灯伞 里的电动马达就会把伞打开，由此可知，其顺序为：传感器一马达一伞篷。69 .D考查推理判断。第五段中提到儿个关键词语：不会对行人造成伤害，使行人免遭雷击, 离地面两米，这些都是安全方面的问题。70 .C考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的Belyaev says. insists his creation could be

46、 installed on any street可知，他认为自己的发明可 以被安装在任何有许多行人的街上，这表明他认为他的发明很实用。3.After beating bone cancer, Hayley Arceneaux thinks rocketing into orbit on SpaceXs first private flight should be no problem at all. St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital announced the 29-year-old doctors assistant will rocket into

47、space later this year.Arceneaux, a former patient at St. Jude, will become the youngest American in space, beating NASA record-holder Sally Ride by over two years. She will travel with businessman Jared Isaacman, who is using the spaceflight he bought to raise money for charity. Two other yet-to-be-

48、chosen space flyers will join them. Arceneaux will be the first person to launch with a prosthesis an artificial device that replaces a missing or injured part of the body. When she was 10, Arceneaux had an operation at St. Jude to replace her knee and a piece of metal was put in her left leg. She still limps and has occasional leg pain.“My battle with cancer really prepared me fbr space travel J she recently told The Associated Press. It made me tough, and then also I thin