高考常用词汇词性转换13页.doc

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1、高中英语词汇词性转换第一组：1.ability (n. )能力；才能-able (a.)-unable (a.) disability (n. ) disabled (a.)be able to do= be capable of doing 2.absence (n. ) 缺席；不在 - absent (a.) -present (a.) presence (n.) be absent from; be present at3.absolute (a.) 绝对的；完全的-absolutely (adv.)4.abundant (a.) 丰富的；充裕的 -abundance (n.) be a

2、bundant in 5.academic (a.) 学院的，理论的 (n.) 大学教师 - academy (n.) 学院6.accept (v.) 接受-acceptable (a.)可接受的 - refuse (opp.) 拒绝7.access (n.) 通路，入门；（v.）接近；存取 -accessible (a.) have access to（to为介词）可以使用；可以接触8.accurate (a.) 正确的，精确的 - accuracy (n.) accurately (adv.)- (opp.)inaccurate 不准确9.achieve (v.) 取得，达到 - achi

3、evement (n.)10.acquire (v.) 获得，学到 - acquisition (n.)11.act (n. ) 法令，条例；（v.）表演；行动-action (n.) active (a.) 主动的 inactive (a.) actively (adv.) activity (n. ) 活动 -passive (a.) 被动的 -actor (n.) actress (n.)12.actual (a.) 实际的；现实的actually (adv.) = as a matter of fact 13.adapt (v.) 使适应；改编 -adaptation (n.) 适应，

4、顺应；改编，改编本 -adaptable (a.) 有适应能力的adapt oneself to 适应于; adapt(for sth.) from sth. 改编14.add (v.) 添加，增加;补充说- -addition (n.) -additional (a.) additionally (adv.) addto 将(添)加到 add to 增加，加强 add up加起来 add up to共计达in addition (to) 另外，除此之外15.addict (n.) 成瘾的人 -addicted (a.) addition (n.) -addictive (a.) 使成瘾的；上

5、瘾的；易令人沉溺的 be addicted to （to为介词）对上瘾16.adjust (v.) 调整，使适应 -adjustment (n.) - adjustable (a.) 17.admire (v.) 钦佩，羡慕 -admiration (n.) - admirable (a.)18.admit (v.) 承认，准许 ( admitted, admitted) - admission (n.) 19.adopt (v.) 收养，采用 -adoption (n.) - adopted (a.)20.advance (v.) 推进，促进；前进 （n.）前进，提升advanced (a.

6、) 先进的;高等的21.advantage (n.) 有点；好处 -disadvantage (n.) take advantage of利用；欺骗，占的便宜22.adventure (n.) 冒险，奇遇 - adventurous (a.)23.advertise (v.) 为做广告-advertisement (n.) 24.advise (v.) 建议，劝告-adviser (n.) 顾问，忠告者 - advice (n.) a piece of advice25.affect (v.) 影响 - affection (n.) 影响，感情 = have an effect on 26.A

7、frica (n.) 非洲 - African (a.) (n.)27.age (n.) 年纪 - aged (a.)老年的 elderly (a.) 28.agree (v.) 同意- agreement (n.) - disagree (opp)disagreement (n.) 29.agriculture (n.) 农业 agricultural (a.)30.allow (v.) 准许，允许-allowance (n.) 允许；紧贴，补助31.amaze (v.) 惊奇， 震惊 - amazement (n.) -amazed (a.) amazing (a.) to ones am

8、azement 32.ambition (n.) 抱负，雄心-ambitious (a.)33.amuse (v.) 使快乐 - amusement (n.) amused (a.) - amusing (a.) to ones amusement34.analyze (v.) 分析 - analysis (n.) 35.anger (n.) 愤怒 - angry (a.) 36.announce (v.) 宣布, 宣告 - announcement (n.) - announcer (n.) 37.annoy (v.) 使烦恼 annoyed (a.) - annoying (a.) - a

9、nnoyance (n.) to ones annoyance38.annual (a. ) 一年一次的，每年的 （n.） 年刊 - annually (a.) 39.anxious (a.) 忧虑的，焦急的 - anxiety (n.) 40.apologize (v.) 道歉 - apology (n.) apologize to sb. for sth.; make an apology to sb. for sth.因事向某人道歉41.appear (v.) 出现 -appearance (n.)外貌，外观；出现，露面 42.apply (v.) 申请 , 应用- applicatio

10、n (n.) 申请表 - applicant (n.) 申请人- applied (a.) 应用的43.appoint (v.) 约定，任命 appointment (n.) -make an appointment 约会44.appreciate (v.) 欣赏，感激 - appreciation (n.) 45.approve (v.) 批准，同意 - approval (n.) approve of赞成 (opp.) disapprove (v.) 不赞成 disapprove of46.argue (v.) 争辩，辩论argument (n.) 47.arrange (v.) 安排 -

11、 arrangement (n.) 48.arrive (v.) 到达 arrival (n.) 49.Asia (n.) 亚洲 -Asian (a.) (n.)50.assess (v.) 评价，估价 - assessment (n.) 51.assist (v.) 帮助，协助- assistance (n.) 帮助，援助 -assistant (n.) 助手，助理 52.associate (v.) 联系，交往- association (n.) - associated (a.)53.assume (v.) 假定，采取 - assumption (n.)54.astonish (v.)

12、使惊讶 - astonished (a.) - astonishing (a.) astonishment (n.) 55.astronaut (n.) 宇航员 - astronomy (n.) 天文学 - astronomer (天文学家)56.athlete (n.) 运动员 - athletic (a.) 运动员的；运动的；体格健壮的；行动敏捷的57.attend （v.）参加，照料 - attendance (n.)出席，参加 - -attender (n.) 出席者；参加者58.attention (n) 注意，专心- attentive (a) attentively (ad v.

13、) 59.attract (v.) 吸引 attraction (n.) - attractive (a.)60.aware (a.) 知道的，明白的 - awareness (n.) be aware of 61.bacterium (n.) 细菌 -(pl. ) bacteria 62.bad (a.) 坏的 - badly (adv. ) (worse, worst) - good (a.) well (a.) (adv.) (better, best)63.base (n.) 基地，根据地 (v.) 以为基地 - basic (a.) - basically 大体上64.basis (

14、n.) 基础，要素 - (pl.) bases 65.bath (n.) 洗澡，浴室bathe (v.) bathroom (n.) - bathtub (n.) 澡盆66.bear (v.) 忍受 (bore, borne)- bearable (a.) 可忍受的 - unbearable (opp.) 不可忍受的67.beat (v.) 敲打，跳动，打赢 (beat, beaten)68.beautiful (a.) 美丽的- beauty (n. ) - beautify (v.) 69.behave (v.) 行为，守规矩 - behavior (n.) 70.belief (n) 信

15、条，信念 -（pl.） beliefs- believe (v.) - believable (a.) -(opp.) unbelievable71.begin (v.) 开始，着手 (began, begun)- beginning (n.) 第二组：72.bend v. 使弯曲 （bent, bent）be bent on doing 一心想，决心要做73.benefit n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于 - beneficial adj.有益的, 受益的 benefit from从中受益； be beneficial to对有益 74.bitter adj.苦的, 痛苦的, 怀恨的

16、 -unpleasant adj不愉快的；讨厌的75.boring adj. 无聊的，乏味的(修饰物)-bored adj.无聊的, 无趣的, 烦人的（用于人）76.botany n.植物学 -botanical adj.植物学的77.brave adj.勇敢的 -bravery n.勇敢 -coward n.懦弱的人, 胆小的人78.boycott n./vt. 联合抵制, 排斥79.breath n. 呼吸, 气息 -breathe v.呼吸, 发出 -breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的80.bring vt. 拿来, 带来 -brought(分去式)-brought（过去分词）8

17、1.bury vt.埋葬, 掩埋, 隐藏 -buried(过去式或过去分词) be buried in sth 埋头做某事82.business n.商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意 -businessman -businesswoman 83.calculate v.计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算-calculation n.计算, 考虑 -calculator n.计算机, 计算器84.calm adj.(天气、海洋等)静的, 平静的, 镇静的, 沉着的 v. (使)平静, (使)镇定, 平息 calmness n.平静, 冷静, 镇静85.care n.注意, 照料, vi.关心, 顾虑, 照

18、顾, 喜爱vt.在意 -careful(a.) -careless (a.)86.catch v.捕获, 赶上(车船等), 发觉, 感染（疾病）-(caught, caught) 87.caution n.小心, 谨慎, 警告 vt.警告 -cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的88.celebration n.庆祝, 庆典 -celebrate v.庆祝89.certain adj.确定的, 某一个-certainly adv. -certainty n. -uncertainty n.无常, 不确定90.challenge n.挑战 vt.向.挑战-challenging adj.具有

19、挑战性的91.change n.改变, 变化, 找回的零钱 vt.改变, 变革 -changeable adj.可改变的92.character n. 人物，特点，性格，品质-characteristic n. 特性，特征93.chemical adj.化学的n.化学制品, 化学药品-chemist n.化学家, 药剂师-chemistry n.化学94.choice n.选择, 抉择, 精选品-choose v.选择, 选定(chose, chosen) 95.cloth n.布, 织物, 衣料-clothes n.衣服, 总称被褥, 各种衣服-clothing n.(总称)衣服96.col

20、lect vt. 收集-collection n. 收藏, 征收, 搜集品, 捐款-collective adj.集体的 n.集体fort n.安慰, 舒适 vt.安慰 -comfortable adj.舒适的municate v.沟通, 交流，传达-communication n. pete vi.比赛, 竞争 -competition n.竞争, 竞赛 -competitor n.竞争者-competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的；（指人）好竞争的100.conclude v.作出结论vt.推断-conclusion n. 结论101.confident adj.自信的, 确信的

21、-confidence n.信心-confidently adv.信赖地, 安心地102.conduct n.行为, 操行v. 组织, 实施，管理-conductor n. (乐队)指挥第三组：1. crazy adj.疯狂的 -craze n.狂热，疯狂；风行一时的东西； be crazy about 对疯狂/着迷； like crazy拼命地；发疯似地2create vt.创造，产生 （syn.）-produce creative adj - -creation n. 创造，创建-creativity n.创造力 -creator n.创造者；创作者 -create jobs/opport

22、unities/ a good image/ wealth3. crime n.罪犯 -criminal n.罪犯 -commit a crime 犯罪4. cross vt.穿过-crossing n.十字路口 -crossroads n.交叉路口 -at the crossroads 5. crowd n. 人群 vt. 拥挤-crowded adj. 拥挤的 -crowdedness n. 6.cruel adj. 残忍的，残酷的-be cruel to sb -cruelly adv.-cruelty n. 残忍7. culture n.文化 -cultural adj. -cultu

23、ral difference (shock) 文化差异；文化冲击 -multi-culture 多元文化8. cure n&v. 治疗；医好-a cure for cancer -cure sb of ones disease/ones habit9. curious adj. 好奇的；奇异的（about/to do sth） -curiosity n.好奇心；求知欲 satisfy ones curiosity 满足好奇心 -out of curiosity 出于好奇10. cycle vi骑自行车；循环-recycle v.再循环，回收再用-cyclist n.骑自行车的人11damage

24、 n&vt 毁坏，损害 -do /cause damage to (the earth) 对.造成损害12 danger n.危险 dangerous adj. 危险的 endanger vt 使濒临危险 -endangered animals 濒危动物 be in danger/be at risk 处于危险中 13. dead. adj. 死的 the dead/living -death n. 死亡-cause many deaths and injuries造成很多伤亡 deadly adj.致命的 die v. 死亡 dying adj. 垂死的，渴望的 be dying for s

25、th./to do sth14. decide n.决定 decisive adj. 决定性的 decision n. make a decision15. declare vt.声明；断言 - declaration n. declare war on Japan 像日本宣战 16. decorate vt.装饰，修饰 - decoration n. be decorated with17. decline n&v.下降,婉拒 I offered to give them a lift but they declined .18. decrease/increase n&v. 减少/增加-

26、increase/decrease to/by 20%19. defend vt. 防守，保卫 -defense in defense of 为保护某人 为辩护20. deliberate adj. deliberately adv.故意地 -on purpose21. delight n 快乐；乐事 delighted adj. be delighted with/by/at sb/sth take delight in 喜欢，以为乐 delight sb 使某人高兴 to ones delight 使某人高兴的是22. deliver vt.投递，接生，发表讲话 deliver parce

27、ls/ a baby/ a speech delivery n.23.depend vi依赖；依靠depend on sb dependent adj. 依赖的 be dependent on sb independent adj.独立的 be independent from/of sb independence n.独立24. deep adj/adv. 深的 -deeply adj.深深的 - depth n.深度 - deepen v.加深 far/deep into the night深夜 be deeply moved/touched/affected -Still water r

28、uns deep.静水流深/大智若愚25. describe vt.描述，描写 description n. give a description of sth26. design vt.设计 n.图案，图样 designer 设计师 be designed to 设计的目的是，计划是27. desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的 -be desperate for/to do sth 极渴望- desperation n.绝望 28destroy vt.破坏，毁坏- destroyed buildings 被毁的建筑物 destruction n. cause destruction

29、 to sth29. determine vt.决定，决心 be determined to do 决心做 determination n. 决心30. develop v. 发展，使发达，开发 冲洗（照片）development - with the development of developing world/developed world - develop an interest in sth -develop a new product31.devote vt.把奉献于； devote oneself/ones life/ones energy/time to sth/doing

30、sth devotion n.忠心，奉献精神 be devoted to sb 挚爱某人，对全心全意 32differ vi. differ from sth in 在什么方面不同于 different adj. difference n. -tell the difference between A and B - make a difference (to) 有影响，改变 ;大有作为33. difficult adj. difficulty n.困难 with/without difficulty, have difficulty with sth./(in) doing sth 做某事有

31、困难34. direct adj.直接的 -（反）indirect speech间接引语 -direct v.指挥，指导，导演 director n. 导演 -direction n.方向 in the direction of朝方向 35. disable v.使残疾 -disabled adj.残疾的 -help the disabled帮助残疾人 -disability n. -The traffic accident disabled him.36.disappear vi. 消失 （反）- appear -disappearance n. (反) appearance37.disag

32、ree with sb on/about/over sth -disagreement -be in disagreement with 38. disappoint vt.使失望 disappointment n. to ones disappointment令某人失望的是 make sb disappointed ；sb. be/feel disappointed with sb./at sth.某人对感到失望 39. discover vt.发现 discovery n. make a discovery 40.discrimination n.歧视 discriminate vt.歧视

33、，区分 discriminate A from B把区分开来discriminate against women 歧视妇女41.discuss vt discussion n.讨论 42.distance n.距离 distant adj.远的 ， 遥远的 in the distance 在远方keep sb at a distance 疏远某人，与某人保持距离 43. distinguish v.辨别distinguish A from B /distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别distinction n 差别 ；名声44distribute v.分布，分配 d

34、istribution n. 分配 distribute sth to /among sb把分发/分配给45. disturb vt.打扰；扰乱 Dont disturb the papers on my desk. -disturbed adj.心神不宁的，心烦意乱的 -disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的 a disturbing piece of news.46.donate v.捐赠 donate sth to sb将捐给 donation n. He donated 10,000$ to the earthquake disaster area. a donation

35、 of 200$ 二百美元的捐款47. educate v.教育 educator教育者 education n. -receive a good education受到良好的教育 48. effect n.效果，作用 effective adj.有效果的 affect v. 影响 have an effect on -take effect起到作用,有效果 -come into effect 生效；奏效49. elect v. election n.选举 He was elected president of the USA in 1986.50. electricity n. 电 elec

36、tric adj.电的 electric wire 电线 electrical adj. 电气的 electrical engineering电气工程 electronic adj. 电子的 electronic equipment51. embarrass v.使尴尬 embarrassed adj. be embarrassed about对感到尴尬 -embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的，难为情的 -embarrassment n.52. employ v.雇佣 employer n. 雇主，老板 employee n. 雇工，雇员employment n. 雇用，使用，职业 u

37、nemployment n. 失业53. encourage v.鼓励 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 discourage vt. 使泄气 discourage sb from doing 劝阻某人不做某事 encouragement n. 鼓励 courage n.勇气 54. energy n.精力，能量 energetic adj.精力旺盛的 be full of energy=be energetic55. enjoy vt. 欣赏，喜欢；享受之乐趣 enjoy equality (freedom, peace) enjoy doing enjoyabl

38、e adj.愉快的；有趣的 enjoyment n.享受;令人愉快的事物Children like to share interests and enjoyments with their parents.56entertain v.招待，款待；使有兴趣；使快乐 entertainment n. 娱乐活动 entertaining adj. 有趣的，使人愉快的57. environment n.环境 environmental adj. environmental protection/conservation / preservation 环境保护 environmentalist n.环境

39、学家58. equal adj.平等的 vt. 等于 be equal to等同；胜任 equally adv. treat sb equallyequality n. the principle of equality before the law 法律面前人人平等的原则 59. equip vt.提供设备；装备 equipment (UC) n. a piece of equipment be equipped with Our office is equipped with modern equipment.60 . escape n/vi 逃跑； 被忘掉 escape from bei

40、ng punished (punishment) a narrow escape 九死一生 an escaped prison 一名逃跑的犯人 61. Europe n.欧洲 European adj.欧洲的 n.欧洲人 a European 一名欧洲人62evident adj.明显的 evidence n.证据，迹象 The police havent found out the convincing evidence.63. exam(examination) n.考试, 测验 -examine v. 检查, 调查, 考试With the approach of the college

41、entrance examination, I study harder and harder.64. excellent adj.卓越的, 极好的 -excellence n.优秀, 卓越, 优点, 美德65. exhibit vt. 展览; n.展品 Visitors are requested not to touch exhibits in the museum. exhibition n.展览，展览会There will be an exhibition on next week in the science museum. 65exist vi.存在 existence n.生存，

42、存在 come into existence 开始存在 existing adj 现存的，现行的 existing laws现行法律 Does life exist on other planets?66. expect vt.预料，盼望；认为 expect sb to do Im expecting your early reply.Dont expect too much from your child. 不要对你的孩子期望太高。 expectation n.期望，预期 live up to your parents expectation不辜负父母的期望 have high expect

43、ation on sb.对某人有很高的期望67.expense n.消费，支出 以为代价 spare no expense to do不惜代价 at his own expense自费. at the expense of sb/sth 在牺牲情况下，做某事 cut down ones expense 减少开支 expensive / costly/dear adj.昂贵的 68.explain vt.解释 explanation n. 解释，说明 explain to sb. 向某人解释 He explained to me the reason why he was late again.

44、69.explode v.使爆炸 explosion n. explosive adj. 爆炸的;易爆炸的70. expose vt.揭露；使面临（危险）be exposed to 暴露于；接触；遭受 Being exposed to the sunlight for a long time is harmful to your skin. -exposure n. 71. express v. 表达；表示 I cant express myself in English. expression n.表情，表达，词句-facial expression expressive adj. 富于表情的；有表现力的72extend vt延长，扩大，扩展 extend the deadline -Im sure youll join me in extending a very warm welcome to our vi