高频核心考点单词精讲DAY16.docx

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1、高频核心考点单词精讲DAY16301.(got,got/gotten) 得/收/挣到；取/带来；购买；患上；使，让；link v. 变得，成为【拓展】get sb./sth. done让某事被做；完成某事get sb. to do sth.让某人去做某事get about徘徊，走动 get across度过，通过；说服get along/on with与相处get around/round四处走走；逃避；流传get at到达；暗示；发现 get away离开；逃脱get away from离开；逃脱；摆脱get away with做(错事)而未被发觉/未受惩罚get back取回；归还 get

2、 by 通过；设法；被疏忽 get down 咽下；写下；使沮丧；下降；get down to (doing) sth. 开始做某事get in进入，陷入；牵涉get into进入；卷入get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动车get on上车；穿上；进步；相处get out 走开；把弄出来；泄露get over越过；恢复；克服get through到达；完成；通过；合格get to到达；开始；接触到get together积累；商谈；取得一致意见get up起床get-together n.聚会【例句】He isnt good at talking but he gets on/alon

3、g well with other people.他不善言辞，但是他与其他人相处得很好。Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing.公共交通为人们游览北京提供了低价位的出行方式。Luckily, he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.幸运的是，他通过了考试，他的努力有了好结果。A number of people are trying to get away from the noise and dirt in the city很多人正在努力摆脱城市的喧

4、嚣和灰尘。【串记】It s quite easy to get around London. So, dont worry, well get along without you and well try and get off straight after lunch. Whatever, I ll talk to you when I get back. Actually, we need to get down to some serious talking. 伦敦出行很容易的，所以，你别担心，没有你我们也能应付，并且我们会在午饭后马上离开。不管怎样，我回来后再和你谈。事实上，我们也需要

5、认真谈谈。302. give /gv/ (gave, given) v./n. 给，给予，提供；赠送，授予；举办/行【拓展】give away 放弃；分发；泄露give back 归还；反射；恢复 give in 屈服；让步 give off 发出；长出give out 发出；公布；用尽 give up 放弃；交出given a. 特/指定的；prep. 考虑到 given that 考虑到，如果【例句】The argument went on for hours because neither side would give in.因为双方都不肯让步，争论持续了几个小时。She gave t

6、he answer away accidentally.她无意中泄露了答案。He has refused to give out any information on the matter.他已拒绝发表有关此事的任何消息。You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year.你应该戒烟，我去年就戒掉了。303. go /g/ v. & n. 走，去；去(从事)；运转，进展；消失，流逝；link v. 成为，变成【拓展】go about 着手做；四处走动go after 追逐go against 反对；违背go ahead 前进；继续go aw

7、ay 离开；走掉go back to 回去；追溯到go by 经过；过去go down下降，沉默go for 支持；赞成go in for 喜欢；参加；赞成go into 进入；加入；变得 go off 走开；爆炸go on 继续；接下去go out 出去；熄灭；离开；退休go over 温习；检查；越过go round/around 走来走去；四处走动go through 审查；履行；通过；经历；忍受go through with 完成，实行；把进行到底go to 转到；定位；去参加go up 走；达到；运转；趋于go with 伴随；与相配；和交朋友go without 没有也行go wr

8、ong 出毛病；弄错；发生故障【例句】Meat soon goes bad in hot weather if it isnt put in the fridge.天热时，如果肉不放进冰箱，很容易变坏。He has gone through a lot of hardship and become stronger. 他经历了许多艰难困苦，变得坚强了。If you go in for a particular activity, you decide to do it as a hobby or interest. 如果你参加某项活动，你决定把它作为一种爱好或兴趣。【串记】I used to

9、go around with a bad crowd. Afterwards, I felt so sick with them and I just wanted to go back to bed. At the same time, I found that ignoring the crime problem wont make it go away. When I grow up, I need to choose a job. I never really went in for study. So, So I chose to be a nurse. Actually, I al

10、ways wanted to go into nursing. 我过去常和一群坏家伙混在一起。之后，我和他们在一起就不舒服，我只想回去睡觉。同时，我发现忽视犯罪问题并不能解决问题。当我长大了，我需要选择一份工作。我从未真正喜欢学习。所以，所以我选择了做一名护士。事实上，我一直想从事护理工作。304. good /gd/ a. 好的，高质量的；好心的，善良的；有益的，合适的；擅长的；充足的；n. 好处，利益；善(行)【拓展】be good at (doing )sth.擅长的be good for有效，适用，胜任It is no good doing sth. 做某事是没有用的do good t

11、o 对有益make good偿付，实现。成功goodbye int. 再见goodness n. 善良，美德；仁慈goods n. 商品；动产【例句】It was good of you to help them你真好，帮了他们的忙。【串记】The quality of the goods is good because the boss has goodness. 这件商品质量这么好是因为老板很善良。graduate vi.大学毕业；获得(学士)学位vt.向(毕业生)授予学位n.毕业生(1)graduate from/at从毕业graduate in毕业于专业(2)graduation n.

12、毕业on graduation一毕业It has been 20 years since we graduated from high school.我们高中毕业已经20年了。【串记】He graduated in physics from/at Cambridge University. On graduation from college，she got a good job.他毕业于剑桥大学物理专业。他大学一毕业就找到了一份好工作。305. grow /gr/ (grew, grown) v. 生长；发育；扩大；种植；(逐渐)变成【拓展】grow up成长，长大grow up to be

13、 成长为grow into (渐渐)成长为grow on sb. 使(某人)越来越喜爱grow away from sb.逐渐疏远某人grown-up a. 成熟的；n. 成年人growth n. 增长；发展；生长；种植【例句】She is growing into a beautiful young woman.她渐渐出落成美丽的姑娘。She has nearly grown up and must soon be looking after herself.她已经长大了,不久就要自己照顾自己了。【串记】You ve really grown since I last saw you, an

14、d you have grown into a man. 你比我上次见到时长了不少啊，已经长成一个大人了。306. guard /gd/ n. & v. 保/守卫，警卫/戒(人员)【拓展】off guard 不提防；不警惕on guard 警惕；站岗on (ones) guard against戒备；防备bodyguard n. 保镖guardian n. 监护人；守护者【例句】When we go shopping, we should be on guard against pickpockets.当购物的时候， 我们应该提防扒手。Dont be off guard! You mustnt

15、 tell anything to him.不要放松警惕，你一定不要告诉他任何事情。【串记】As a bodyguard, you should always be on guard. 作为一个保镖，你要随时保持警惕。guarantee rnti vt.保证；担保；为作担保；使必然发生 n保证(书)；担保(物)；抵押品；保修单【拓展】(1)guarantee to do sth.保证做某事 保证某人得到某物be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事guarantee . against/from . 保证免遭(2)give sb. a guarantee 给某人保证/承诺u

16、nder guarantee 在保修期内【例句】They guaranteed to look into the case at once.他们保证马上调查此案。Can you guarantee the watch to keep good time?你能保证这表走得准吗? If you yell at him, hes guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want.如果你冲他大喊大叫，他肯定会跟你对着干。 Can you give_me_a_guarantee that the work will be finished on ti

17、me? 你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？ 307. guide /gad/ n. 向导，导游者；指南，手册；v.指/引导【拓展】be guided by ones sense of duty 在责任感支配下。be guideed by sth 以为领导 guide sb in his studies 指导某人学习 guide sb to sth引到guidance n. 指导，引导；领导guideline n. 指导方针【例句】Teachers should guide students toward a better mastery of the art of writing.老师应当指导学生

18、们更好地掌握写作技巧。 You must not be guided by your feelings.你绝不应让感情来支配你。 【串记】One needs guides and guidelines if we want to be successful. 一个人如果想要成功就需要有向导和指导方针308. habit /hbt/ n. 习惯，习性【拓展】be in the habit of 有的习惯get out of/break/kick the habit of 改掉的习惯fall into/get into/develop/form the habit of 养成的习惯out of h

19、abit 出于习惯habitat n. 住房；栖息地【例句】Some grown-ups are in the habit of lying to my friends. 有些成年人对朋友撒谎的习惯。【串记】I stay up late out of habit, but Im trying to break the habit. 我熬夜是出于习惯，但是我正试图改掉这个习惯。【辨析】habit, custom这两个词都有“习惯,习俗,风俗”的意思。其区别是：custom指群体经过一段时期不断沿用而变成的习惯或惯例; habit指某个人反复地做某种动作,久而久之形成的自然习惯或习性,行动时不用思

20、索。常指不好的习惯,而custom则常指良好的习惯。309. hand /hnd/ n. 手；指针；人手；v. 帮助；递交【拓展】at hand在近处，在手边；即将到来by hand用手，用体力in hand在进行中，待办理；在掌握中on hand在手边，在场，临时on(the)one handon the other hand一方面另一方面give / lend sba hand给予(某人)帮助hand back交还hand down把传下去hand in交上，交出hand in hand手拉手，同时并进地，密切关联地hand on依次，传递hand off请勿动手，不许碰hand out分

21、发，发给hand over交出，移交，让与Hands up!举起手来!clap ones hands拍手raise ones hand举手shake hands握手wave ones hand挥手handbag n. 手提包handful n. 少数；一把；handkerchief n. 手帕；头巾，围巾handle n. 把手；柄handshake n. 握手handsome a. 英俊的；可观的；大方的handwriting n. 笔迹；书法/写；手稿handy a. 有用的；便利的【例句】I would like a job which pays more, but on the oth

22、er hand, I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment. 我想要一份报酬更多的工作，但另一方面，我喜欢我现在的工作。When he writes, he always keeps a dictionary at hand. 当他写作时，他总是手里拿着一本字典。People in different parts of the world should work hand in hand to fight against pollution. 世界不同地区的人们应该携手同场，与污染作斗争。Students who write notes by hand d

23、uring lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops. 在讲课时用手写笔记的学生比使用笔记本电脑的学生在考试中表现更好。【串记】The man with the handbag is really handsome and his handwriting is very nice. I want to know him. Fortunately, you found his handkerchief. Maybe we should hand it back. 那个拿着手提包的男子真英俊，而且字也很好看。我想认识他。

24、幸运的是，你找到了他的手帕。也许我们应该把它还给他。310. hang /h/ (hanged, hanged) v. 处绞刑；上吊；下垂 (hung,hung) v. 悬挂，吊着；把吊起【拓展】hang about/around徘徊；闲荡hang out 挂出；闲逛hang on 坚持下去；不挂断；握住不放（同hold on)hang up 挂断电话；搁置，拖延【例句】The line was engaged and the operator asked if Id like to hang on.电话占线，话务员问我是否愿意稍等一下。After I hung up, I realized

25、I forgot to ask him his telephone number. 挂断电话后，我意识到我忘了问他的电话号码。I hung about/around the station for an hour but he never showed up. 我在车站周围闲逛了一个小时，但他从未出现过。【串记】She hung up and hung around anxiously. 她挂断电话焦急的在周围徘徊。【点津】hang意义过去式过分现分绞死，吊死hangedhangedhanging悬挂，垂下hunghunghanging311. happen /hp()n/ vi.（偶然）发生

26、(同occur)【拓展】as it happenshappened碰巧 by chancehappen to do sth. 碰巧做某事it happens that 从句 碰巧happening n. 事件，意外发生的事【例句】I happened to have no money with me(=It happened that I had no money with me)恰巧我没带钱。【串记】There have been reports of strange happenings in the town. At this moment, I happened to see Jame

27、s in town. 镇上不断传出有怪事发生。就在这时，我碰巧在镇上遇见詹姆斯。【辨析】 happen/take place/occurhappen“发生”通常指具体事物的发生，常带有意外和偶然性，happen是普通用词；take place“发生”往往强调所发生的事物是事前已有安排；occur是正式用词，表示具体或抽象事物的发生，可以是意外的，也可以是意料或计划之中的，所指的事物和时间都是比较确定的。注意：当表示具体事情的名词作主语时,用happen和occur都可,如果不是表示具体事情的词则多用happen。在否定句里一般用occur。312. happy /hp/ a. 幸福的；快乐的，

28、高兴的【拓展】be happy to do sth. 乐意做某事be happy about/at/with 因感到高兴；对感到满意happily ad. 快乐地；幸福地happiness n. 幸福【例句】She was not happy with his work and made him do it again她对他做的活不满意，让他重做了一遍。Well be happy to help if you need如果你需要，我们将很乐意帮助你。【串记】On the whole, I m happy with the way I look, because it brings me hap

29、piness. 总体来说，我对自己的外貌比较满意，因为它给我带来了幸福。313. hard /hd/ ad. 努力地；使劲；猛烈地；a. 硬的；困难的，艰难的；猛烈的；冷酷的，严格的【拓展】be hard at在下功夫be hard on对过分严厉，难为be hard to do(难做的)have a hard time doing sth. 很难做某事harden v. 使变硬；hardship n. 困苦；苦难；hardware n. 计算机硬件hardworking/hard-working a. 勤/奋勉的【例句】It is hard to believe that shes only

30、 nine. 很难相信她只有九岁。【串记】Tom is a hard-working man and he suffered many hardships during that long winter. Eventually, he invented computer hardware. 汤姆是个勤奋的人，在那个漫长的冬季，他吃了很多苦头。最终，他发明了计算机硬件。314. harm /hm/ n. & v. 伤害；损伤(同damage)【拓展】come to harm受到损害do sbharm对某人伤害，伤害某人(其反义词组do sbgood对某人好处)do more harm than

31、good弊大于利there is no harm in doing做某事无害harmful a. 有害的；能造成损害的 be harmful to对有害harmless a. 无害的；无恶意的【例句】I believe that no one can harm you but yourself. 我相信没有除了自己没人能伤害你。【串记】Insects are classified as harmful and harmless. 昆虫被分为有害的和无害的。【辨析】harm, damage, hurt, injure, wound这组词的共同意思是“损害,损伤”。damage表示损害了表面,损害

32、了人或物的某个部分或使之完全失掉用途; harm表示人的心理、健康、权力或事业上的损害,程度较轻; hurt多用来表示伤害身体或某一部位,或表示剧烈的疼痛或精神上受到伤害; injure表示身体或精神上各种性质及任何程度的伤害,多表示意外受伤; wound主要指在战斗中武器或凶器等造成的外伤或剧烈的痛苦。harmony hmni n融洽，一致；协调【拓展】(1)in harmony with .与协调out of harmony with . 与不协调live in harmony 和睦相处，和谐共处(2)harmonious adj. 和谐的，和睦的；协调的【例句】We must ensur

33、e tourism develops in harmony with the environment. 我们必须确保旅游业与环境相协调。When children grow up, their ideas will be out of harmony with their parents. 当孩子长大后，他们的想法会与父母不和谐。You should create a harmonious environment to get along with others, which can help you greatly. 你应该创造一个和谐（和谐）的环境，与他人相处，这可以大大帮助你。The “

34、Chinese Dream” is a dream to improve peoples wellbeing and a dream of harmony, peace and development.“中国梦”是一个提升人民幸福感的梦，也是一个和谐、和平以及发展的梦。【串记】Social harmony is very important to us. Only if people live in harmony with each other can we have a harmonious society . It is also very important to be in harm

35、ony with nature. If we are out of harmony with nature, it will punish us in turn. 社会和谐对我们非常重要。只有和睦相处，才能有一个和谐的社会。与自然和谐相处也是非常重要的。如果我们与自然不和谐，就会反过来惩罚我们。315. have /hv;hv/ v. 有；进行，做；持，喝，抽(烟)；使，令，让 【拓展】(1) have sth.done使，让(某事被人做、遭遇、做完、解决等，自己也可能参加)have sb.do sth. 要，叫，使(某人做某事)have sb.doing sth. 让，使(某人做某事)hav

36、e sb./sth.+副词(或介词短语)使(某物(人)处于某种状态)，请(某人到某处)have+ sb./sth.+adj.让，使(某人(物)处于某种状态)(1) have a good time玩得很愉快have back要回，收回haveon穿着、戴着haveto do with和有关had better(or best)(+do)最好have to do必须，不得不【例句】He had one of his legs broken while playing football.踢足球时，他摔断了一条腿。Dont be worried. Ill have Tom help you fini

37、sh the work.别担心，我会让汤姆帮你完成工作。I cant have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner. You must apologize to her immediately.我不允许你用粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。I have a lot of reading to complete before the end of this term.在这个学期结束前，我要读完很多书。316. head /hed/ n. 头(部)；前端；头脑，才智；首脑/长；v. 动身，出发；率领【拓展】head for驶向，向方

38、向前进head on迎面，迎头hold ones head high 趾高气扬；扬眉吐气lose ones head慌乱，仓皇失措，不知所措keep ones head保持镇静headache n. 头疼heading n. 标题；（足球）头球；headline n. 大标题，内容提要headquarters n. 总部headmaster/headmistress n. (中小学的)男/女校长 head teacher n. 中小学的校长/班主任ahead ad. 朝前地，在前面ahead of 在之前go ahead前进；做/说/干吧【例句】Weshouldheadforthe cinem

39、aearly.我们应该早点动身去电影院。【串记】The headmaster had a headache because he couldnt think of the heading. 这个校长因为想不出标题而头痛。317. health /hel/ n. 健康；卫生【拓展】have good health身体健康lose(recover)health失去(恢复)健康To your health!祝你健康j(敬酒的用语)healthy a. 健康的/不健康的(反unhealthy)【例句】The guard works out to stay healthy. 这个卫兵锻炼身体以保持健康。

40、【串记】Although he is in poor health, he has health insurance. 虽然他身体不好，但是他有医疗保险。318. hear /h/ v. (heard, heard) 听见/说【拓展】hear about(of)听到，听说hear from接到的信hear of(与will not连用)不允许，不愿hearing n. 听力/觉；审/听讯 【例句】You should shout to her so that she can hear you. 你应该向她大声喊叫，这样她才能听见你。【串记】He heard something about hi

41、s fathers health. Until later he heard from his mother that his father had lost his hearing. 他听说他父亲身体不好。直到后来，他从母亲那里得知他父亲的听力已经丧失。【辨析】hear/listen这两个词的共同意思是“听”。其区别是：hear强调听的结果“听到”; listen强调听的动作“倾听”,而不管是否“听到”。319.heart /ht/ n. 心(脏)；心形；内心，心/感情；核/中心【拓展】at heart在内心，实质上break ones heart 使某人人伤心/心碎by heart牢记，凭

42、记忆learn by heart记住，背诵heart and soul全心全意lose heart丧失勇气，失去信心heartily ad由衷地，诚恳地; 完全，十分hearty a衷心的，热诚的；精力充沛的；丰盛的warm-hearted a. 热心的【例句】The old ladys heart beats very fast那位老太太的心脏跳得很快。Take heart and go on，you are sure to succeed in the end鼓起勇气，坚持下去，你最终一定会成功的。【串记】You are a warm-hearted person and you alwa

43、ys serve the people heart and soul. Every time I see you, my heart beats for you. However, your words broke my heart just now and I almost lost heart. 你是一个热心肠的人，你总是全心全意为人民服务。每次见到你，我的心都为你而跳。然而，你刚才的话使我心碎，我几乎失去了信心。320. help /help/ v. & n. 帮/援助；有帮助的人/物；有用【拓展】help (sb.) with sth. 帮助(某人)做某事help sb. in doi

44、ng sth. 帮助某人做某事;help (sb.) (to)do sth. 帮助(某人)做某事;cant help doing sth./cant help but do sth. 禁不住做某事/忍不住做某事;help oneself to 随便吃；自便/取help sb. out 帮助某人解决难题；帮助be of help to对有帮助的with sb.s help/with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下helpful a. 有帮助的；有益的helpless a. 无助的；没用的【例句】Ill help you (to)solve the problem我将帮助你解决那问

45、题。【串记】He was so helpless that I couldnt help wanting to help him. So, I had to help him out. However, I didnt help him to do it because I cant help it. 他那么无助，我禁不住想帮助他。所以，我不得不帮助他。但是我没有帮助他做那件事，因为我无能为力。【趁热打铁】一、 语法填空。 1. The sportsman has always been perfectly (health) until now. 2. My cousin happened (

46、see) James in town the other day. 3. The lady (give) a huge bunch of flowers for her fortieth birthday. 4. I had no reason to believe there was anyone within (hear). 5. A (grow) number of people are going vegetarian. 6. His aunt is his legal (guard). She is responsible for him. 7. Children need moral (guide) or they can