初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came单元知识整理.doc

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1、八年级英语下册Unit 5知识点【Useful expressions】wait for 等待2.look for 寻找3.go off(闹铃)发出声音4.take a shower 洗澡5.pick up=pick up the phone 接电话;捡起6.make sure 确信;务必7.have fun 玩得开心8.fall asleep 入睡;睡觉9.die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失10.wake up 醒来;叫醒11.in a mess 乱七八糟12.in time of difficulty 在困难时期13.take photos 照相14.have a look 看一看15.

2、take a shower 洗淋浴16.do ones homework 做作业17.listen to the radio 听收音机18.clean ones room 打扫房间19.turn on 打开20.make ones way 行走;前行21.in silence 沉默地;无声地22.take down 摧毁;拆卸;记下23.the rest of 其余的24.have meaning to sb.对某人有（）意义25.look out of 向外看26.have trouble(in) doing sth.做某事有困难27.tell the truth 说实话28.point o

3、ut 指出29.go away 消失30.as well 也31.call out 喊出32.begin to do sth.33.at first 起初34.feel like 感觉像【Target sentences】-What was the boy doing when the rainstorm came?-He was sleeping.-What were they doing when the rainstorm came? -They were reading books.-What were people doing yesterday at the time of the

4、 rainstorm?I was waiting for the bus after work when it began to rain heavily.I was walking home from the supermarket.I was in the kitchen helping my mom.When you called, I was taking a shower.So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.Black clouds were making the sky very dark.Wit

5、h no light outside, it felt like midnight.Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windowswhile his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were

6、 everywhere.Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together.people often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.I had trouble thinking clearly aft

7、er that because I was very afraid.【Language points】1.My alarm didnt go off so I woke up late.（1）go off (闹钟)发出响声;在此处意为“(闹钟)发出响声”，是不及物动词短语。I usually set the alarm clock to go off at 7 a.m.（2）wake up 醒来 在此处意为“醒来”，用作不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。I usually wake up at six oclock in the morning.【拓展延伸】wake up还可意为“叫醒”，此时为

8、“动词+副词”型短语，其后可接宾语。当宾语是代词时，代词要放在wake和up中间。The alarm clock wakes me up at seven every morning.2.I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.（1）wait for sb./sth.等.wait for sb.to do sth.等某人做某事（2）begin v.开始 (过去式)began(现在分词) beginning（也可作名词，开始；开端）begin作动词，同义词是start。（3）heavily adv.在很大程度上；大量地hea

9、vy rain 大雨It rained heavily and I had to stay at home.3.I called at seven and you didnt pick up.pick up 接电话；在此处相当于pick up the phone, 与answer the phone同义。Lucy was watering the flowers in the garden, so she didnt pick up the phone/answer the phone.4.I called again at eight and you didnt answer then ei

10、ther.either adv.也；在此作副词，用于否定句中。Jenny wont go and Bill wont either.【拓展延伸】(1) either还可作代词，意为“（两者中的）任何一个”。You can keep either of the photos.(2) either还可作限定词，意为“（二者之中）任一的”，修饰可数名词单数。You can park on either side of the street.（3）either.or.要么.要么.;或者.或者.(就近原则)Either you or he is right.5.With no light outside

11、, it felt like midnight.（1）with+名词+副词，表示一种伴随状况，译为“由于; 因为”（2）light n.光; 光线；光亮 (不可数名词)（3）feel like 感觉像6.The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.report v.报道；公布(后面跟that引导的宾语从句) n.报道make a report 作报告reporter n.记者It is/was reported/said that+句子 : 据报道/说.7.Bens dad was putting pieces

12、of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.（1）wood n.木；木头(不可数名词)，a piece of wood一块木头；（2）make sure 确保；确认；查明其常见用法如下：make sure + (that) 从句 确保make sure of (doing) sth.确保（做）某事When we read a piece of news online, wed better make sure its true before sendi

13、ng it to others.Youd better make sure of the time and address.8.Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.beat v. 敲打；打败(1) beat在此处作不及物动词，意为“敲打”，其过去式为beat，过去分词为beaten。Sid was beating at the door with his hand.(2) beat还可作及物动词，意为“战胜；打败”。In yesterdays ga

14、me, Switzerland beat the United States two to one.【易混辨析】win与beatagainst prep.倚；碰；撞 (1) against在此处作介词，意为“碰；撞”。The child knocked his head against the tree.(2) against作介词，还可意为“倚着，靠着”。The worker put the ladder against the wall.against 短语play against.与比赛fight against.与作斗争fight for.为争取而斗争be against/for.反对

15、/支持against the law违法against the rules违反规定against the wall靠墙9.He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.（1）asleep adj. 睡着The little boy was so sleepy that he fell asleep in the sleeping bag.He is sleeping now.Dont make noise.（2）die down v.声音、光线逐渐变弱;逐渐消失10.When he woke up,

16、 the sun was rising.rise v.& n.升起；增加；提高【易混辨析】rise与raiseWhile we were raising the flag, the sun rose in the east.11.Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.fallen adj. 倒下的；落下的fallen在此处作形容词，意为“倒下的；落下的”，仅用于名词前作定语。fallen leaves 意为“落叶”。Autumn is a beautiful season with fresh air and fall

17、en leaves.【拓展延伸】fallen还是动词fall（落下，掉落）的过去分词形式。fall-fell-fallen Several of the books have fallen onto the floor.12.Youre kidding!kid v.开玩笑；欺骗kid作动词，现在分词为kidding，过去式和过去分词均为kidded。I didnt mean it.I was only kidding.Dont kid yourself (that) hell change.【拓展延伸】kid还可以作名词，意为“小孩”，复数形式为kids。正式用语或书面用语中用child表示。

18、Theyve got three kids.He is just a child.13.Kate realized her bag was still at home.realize v.理解；领会；认识到realize作及物动词，其后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语。He didnt realize his mistake.Listening is important in learning English, but he doesnt realize it.The man laughed when he realized what had happened.【拓展延伸】realize 还可意为“

19、实现”，主语一般是人，后面常接dream, goal等名词作宾语。In the end, Tim realized his dream.14.When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school.make ones way 前往；费力地前进make ones way意为“前往；费力地前进”，常与介词to/towards连用，表示方向，后接表示地点的名词。We slowly made our way to the mall through the crowd.15.My pa

20、rents were completely shocked! （1）completely adv.彻底地；完全地complete adj.完整的 v.完成(=finish)后接名词，代词，动名词（2）shocked adj.惊愕的；受震惊的shock n. 震惊 v.使震惊；使震动 16.and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.”（1）the rest of.其余的，剩下的，当其做主语时，谓语动词形式由其后名词决定。The rest of students are doing homewok in the classroom.The

21、rest of the water was polluted.（2）silence n.沉默silent adj.沉默的silently adv.沉默地=in silence 沉默地keep silent 保持沉默 17.More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists.（1）recently adv.不久前；最近recently作副词，可用于一般过去时（表示时间点）或现在完成时（表示一段

22、时间）中。We received a letter from him recently.I have been very tired recently.【拓展延伸】recent作形容词，意为“最近的”，修饰名词。Our way of life has changed a great deal in recent years.（2）take down 此处为“拆除”，还可意为“往下拽；记录”写下，记下，相当于write down18.I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.hardly adv.几乎不；几乎没有ha

23、rdly作副词，表示否定含义。当hardly出现在反意疑问句中时，后面的附加疑问部分要用肯定形式。有类似用法的词还有seldom, never, few等。We hardly have time to have breakfast.John can hardly understand any Chinese, can he?19.Kate didnt think her friend was telling the truth about the event.truth n.实情；事实truth在此处作不可数名词，是true的名词形式。to tell the truth“说实话”。That c

24、annot hide the truth.To tell the truth, I dont want to go to the party.【拓展延伸】It is true that young people truly love this new kind of shared bikes.You should believe the truth.20.But when I pointed it out to my friend, it went away.point out 指出; 是“动词+副词”型短语。代词作宾语时，只能放在point与out 之间。This is a photo of

25、 my family.Can you point me out?The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework.【拓展延伸】point to意为“指向”，所指的物体较远，point at意为“指着”，所指的物体较近。【Grammar Focus】1.过去进行时语法概述：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。其基本结构为“was/were+动词-ing”。when和while引导的时间状语从句语法概述：when和while都可意为“当时”，用来引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生的背景。when引导的时间状语从句 表示主句

26、动作发生的特定时间，既可指时间点，也可指时间段。When he was a child, he always tried out new ideas. 从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词（指动作可以延续一段时间，而不是瞬间结束），也可以是非延续性动词（指动作极为短暂，瞬间结束）；从句的动作和主句的动作既可同时发生，也可以是先后发生。It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 从句位于主句之前或之后，当位于主句之前时，与主句要用逗号分开。When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 当主句为将来时或表

27、示将来意义时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。The boy will be a writer when he grows up.while引导的时间状语从句 while引导的时间状语从句强调主句动作在从句动作进行的过程中发生，从句的谓语动词必须为延续性动词，常用进行时。While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping me with my homework.【Topic writing】 An Unforgettable ExperienceOn October 1st，2019，I planned to take the bus to the train

28、station.When I was waiting for the bus at the bus stop，it began to rain suddenly.Unluckily，I forgot to take my umbrella.I stood in the rain，with the rain beating heavily against my body.Just at that time，a car stopped and the driver offered to take me to the train station.I was so moved that Ill never forget this experience.I am always ready to help others like that driver from then on6