原版英语RAZ 教案Battling for Independence_DS.pdf

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1、Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.Battling for IndependenceA Reading AZ Level Y Leveled BookWord Count:1,655WritingImagine you are Thomas Jefferson and you have been asked to write the Declaration of Independence.Write a modern-day version and read it to your class.Social Stud

2、iesChoose one major battle of the Revolutionary War.Write a research report summarizing the battle and how a different outcome of the battle could have impacted the war.Connectionswww.readinga-Battling for IndependenceYZ1Z2Part Two of The American RevolutionWritten by Terry Miller ShannonLEVELED BOO

3、K YBattling for Independencewww.readinga-How did the battles of the Revolutionary War lead to the creation of the United States of America?Focus QuestionPart Two of The American Revolution Written by Terry Miller Shannon24IndexAllen,Ethan,8Arnold,Benedict,8,15Boston,7,9,11,12,21,22Breeds Hill(Bunker

4、 Hill),911Burgoyne,John,16,21Camden,Battle of,18,19,22Canada,12,15,16Charleston,S.C.,18,19,22Clinton,Henry,17,21,22Common Sense,13,21Concord,4,7,9,21,22Continental Congress,58,13,17Cornwallis,Charles,19,20,22Declaration of Independence,13,14,21de Lafayette,Marquis,22Fort Ticonderoga,8,16,21,22Fort W

5、ashington,14Fort West Point,15France(French),17,19,20,22Gage,Thomas,9,21George III(King),4,5,7,21Georgia,18Green Mountain Boys,8Hale,Nathan,14Hancock,John,13Jefferson,Thomas,13,21Kings Mountain,Battle of,19,22Lexington,Mass.,4,7,9,21Long Island,Battle of,14,19,22Loyalists,8,13,18Monmouth,Battle of,1

6、7New Jersey,6,14,15New York,8,12,14,16Paine,Thomas,13,21Pennsylvania,5,17Philadelphia,5,14,18Ross,Elizabeth(“Betsy”),18Saratoga,Battle of,16,17,21Savannah,Ga.,18,22South Carolina,18,19Trenton,Battle of,6,15Valley Forge,17,22Virginia,5,19,20Washington,George,57,12,15,17,1922Yorktown,20,2223Glossaryal

7、lies(n.)people or groups that join with others for a common cause(p.17)amends(n.)acts that are intended to make up for causing a bad situation or loss(p.7)colonies(n.)areas or countries that are ruled by or belong to another country (p.4)delegates(n.)chosen or elected people who represent and act on

8、 behalf of others(p.5)gunpowder (n.)a dry explosive material used in guns,fireworks,and for blasting(p.10)independence(n.)freedom from the control,influence,support or help of others(p.5)Loyalists(n.)citizens of the thirteen colonies who remained loyal to Great Britain during the American Revolution

9、(p.8)momentum (n.)the strength or force that keeps something moving or increasing over time(p.16)morale(n.)the level of confidence or enthusiasm of an individual or a group when working on a project or toward a goal(p.8)Patriots(n.)people who supported the independence of the thirteen colonies durin

10、g the American Revolution(p.8)petition(n.)a formal written request,usually accompanied by the signatures of a large number of citizens(p.7)rebels(n.)people who speak or act out against authority(p.15)representation(n.)the action or role of speaking or acting on behalf of another person or group of p

11、eople(p.4)retaliated(v.)attacked in response to having been attacked(p.16)self-governing(adj.)having the right to create and enforce laws without outside interference(p.13)Battling for Independence Level YBattling for IndependenceLevel Y Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Terry Miller ShannonAll rig

12、hts reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover:courtesy of Library of Congress,P&P Division LC-USZCN4-159;title page,pages 4,5,12:Bettmann/Corbis;pages 6,8,22:North Wind Picture Archives/Alamy;page 7:The National Archives/HIP/The Image Works;page 10(top):National Maritime Museum,London/The Imag

13、e Works;page 10(center):The Board of Trustees of the Armouries/Heritage-Images/The Image Works;page 10(bottom):Brand Z/Alamy;page 13:The Declaration Committee,published by Currier&Ives,New York(colour litho),American School,(19th century)/Private Collection/Peter Newark American Pictures/The Bridgem

14、an Art Library;page 14:Richard Levine/Alamy;page 15:Jupiterimages Corporation;page 17:courtesy of Library of Congress,P&P Division LC-USZC4-4969;page 18:courtesy of Library of Congress,P&P Division LC-USZC4-2791;page 20:North Wind Picture Archives/AP Images;page 21(top):SuperStock/SuperStock;page 21

15、(bottom):Lebrecht Music and Arts Photo Library/AlamyPart Two of The American RevolutionBattling for Independence tells about the major battles of the Revolutionary War.Read Seeds of Revolution to find out what events lead to the war.Then read Building a Nation to find out what happens after the war

16、is over.CorrelationLEVEL YT4040Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAallies amends colonies delegates gunpowder independence Loyalists momentum morale Patriots petition rebels representation retaliated self-governingWords to Know3Table of ContentsIntroduction .4The Second Continental Congress .5The Patr

17、iots Take Ticonderoga .8Bunker Hill(and Breeds Hill).9Declaring Independence .13Battling for Freedom .14Southern Battles .18Major Players in the Revolutionary War .21Glossary .23Index .24French and Indian War Boston MassacreSugar Act passedBoston Tea PartyCoercive(Intolerable)Acts passedQuartering A

18、ct and Stamp Act passedTownshend Acts passed First Continental Congress meetsApril 19,1775 Revolutionary War starts with“shot heard round the world”at Lexington and Concord1750 1755 1760 1765 1770 1775Seeds of RevolutionBattling for Independence Level Y22Charles Cornwallis:British general under Henr

19、y Clinton;was in charge of the South;surrendered at Yorktown on October 19,1781Marquis de Lafayette:A young Frenchman who served as a commander under Washington;instrumental in attaining the French military assistance that helped win the warCharles CornwallisYorktownSavannahCharlestonKings MountainA

20、TLANTIC OCEANValley ForgeCamdenQuebecTiconderogaBostonConcordLong IslandImportant Sites during the Revolutionary War4IntroductionAmerica was not always a country.Over 200 years ago,it was a collection of thirteen colonies ruled by Great Britain.Britain began taxing the colonists and enforcing unpopu

21、lar new laws.The colonists objected,saying they wanted“no taxation without representation”in British Parliament.Over time,the disagreements between the two groups only increased bad feelings and violence.Britains King George III tried to gain control over the colonists,but failed.A series of events

22、led to a confrontation on April 19,1775,between British soldiers and colonists at the towns of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts.Shots were exchanged on the village green in Lexingtonno one knows which side fired first.That first shot became known as“the shot heard round the world,”signaling th

23、e beginning of war between Britain and its thirteen colonies.The Battle of Concord21Major Players in the Revolutionary WarGeorge Washington:Commander of the Continental Army;later became the countrys first presidentThomas Gage:Commander of British troops in the colonies;army was trapped in Boston af

24、ter battles at Lexington and ConcordJohn Burgoyne:British commander of the northern army;captured Fort Ticonderoga but was defeated at SaratogaKing George III:Twenty-two years old when he became Great Britains king;was determined to keep the colonies at all costsThomas Jefferson:Wrote the Declaratio

25、n of IndependenceThomas Paine:Wrote a booklet called Common Sense,which inspired many colonists to choose independenceWilliam Howe:Commander of the British army in North America,17751778Henry Clinton:Replaced Howe as British commander in 1778George WashingtonKing George IIIBattling for Independence

26、Level Y5 The Second Continental CongressOn May 10,1775,the Second Continental Congress met at Independence Hall in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania.The delegates unanimously chose George Washington,one of the delegates from Virginia and a former officer in the British army,to command the colonys troops.The

27、 Congress voted to call the troops the Continental Army,and declared it would be made up of volunteer soldiers from each of the thirteen colonies.Give Me Liberty!When King George refused to repeal the taxes,it became obvious that the colonies would have to fight for their independence.After the Firs

28、t Continental Congress,Patrick Henry returned to Virginia and made a speech in which he cried,“Give me liberty or give me death!”During the war,“Liberty or Death!”was a Patriot battle cry.Battling for Independence Level Y20The most important battle of the war was about to begin.French ships drove of

29、f the British ships sent to rescue Cornwallis at Yorktown,on the coast of Virginia.The French fleet also brought extra soldiers to help the fight on land.The French and Patriot troops moved into Yorktown,surrounding the British army.The British fought for three weeks before surrendering on October 1

30、9,1781.The Revolutionary War was over.The Patriots had won their war and were now independent from Britain.Now a group of colonies that was used to being supported by another country had to come together and build a brand new nation.Cornwallis surrenders to Washington at YorktownThinking CriticallyW

31、HAT do you consider to be the greatest challenge faced by people of any new nation?IN YOUR MIND,why might one challenge be greater than others?6Washingtons job as commander of the Continental Army wasnt going to be easy.Washington had a ragtag group of farmers,carpenters,and blacksmiths with few wea

32、pons and little or no training.These soldiers would be fighting against powerful Britain,with its well-trained and well-supplied army and navy.He expected to fail,telling Patrick Henry,“From the day I enter upon the command of the American armies,I date my fall,and the ruin of my reputation.”Althoug

33、h he thought his reputation would be ruined,Washington believed so strongly in the cause of American independence,he took the challenge as its commander and insisted that he not be paid for his services.George Washington accepts the surrender of British troops in Trenton,New Jersey,1776.Thinking Cri

34、ticallyWHAT does a unanimous vote reveal about the delegates perception of George Washington?IN YOUR MIND,how might a unanimous vote benefit the delegates?19The tide of the war started to turn in favor of the Patriots in October when they won a battle at Kings Mountain,South Carolina,in a speedy six

35、ty-five minutes.They again won battles at Camden and Cowpens.Next,they forced British General Charles Cornwallis north into Virginia.Cornwallis had aided the British victory at Long Island and had taken command of British troops in the South.The Patriots alliance with the French began to pay off.Fre

36、nch soldiers helped hold the British back and fought alongside colonists as part of the troops Washington led into Virginia.CharlestonCamdenGeorgetownWilmingtonATLANTIC OCEANFrontier MilitiaCowpensKings MountainCornwallisRansours MillMonks CornerSouthCarolinaBattling for Independence Level Y7Not eve

37、ry colonist wanted to be independent from Britain.So while George Washington headed to Concord and Lexington near Boston to lead his new troops,the Continental Congress continued to try to make amends with Britains Parliament.The delegates sent a petition to King George III asking him again to grant

38、 the colonists rights and to proclaim the colonists as loyal English subjects.King George refused to even read the petition,and declared that the colonists“had proceeded to open and avowed rebellion.”The Olive Branch PetitionThe petition that the Second Continental Congress sent to King George III w

39、as called the Olive Branch Petition.An olive branch is a symbolic offering of peace.Battling for Independence Level Y18Southern BattlesBritish forces captured Savannah,Georgia,in December 1778.Then they attacked and captured Charleston,South Carolina,in May 1780.They won yet again at Camden,South Ca

40、rolina,in August 1780.Many colonists in the southern colonies were Loyalists.Although Britain was winning the South,the Patriots would not give up.Its a Grand Old FlagCongress decided on a flag for the new republic on June 14,1777.It was to have thirteen stars on a blue field and thirteen red and wh

41、ite stripes.Many people believe Philadelphia seamstress Elizabeth“Betsy”Ross sewed the first national flag.However,no real evidence supports this story.8The Patriots Take TiconderogaOn the same day the Second Continental Congress met,the Colonist soldiers scored a victory over the British at Fort Ti

42、conderoga.A rough,tough farmer named Ethan Allen and his backwoods friends had formed a group called the Green Mountain Boys.The Congress asked the Green Mountain Boys to capture the British fort on Lake Champlain in New York.Another soldier named Benedict Arnold also was ordered to attack Fort Tico

43、nderoga.Both Arnold and Allen wanted to be the leader of the attack,so they argued all the way to Ticonderoga,but they managed to conquer the fort together on May 10,1775.The victory gave the Patriots a morale boost.It also served as an announcement that war had indeed begun.Colonists were now force

44、d to take sides either as Loyalists,those who wanted to remain part of Britain,or as Patriots,those who wanted independence from Britain.Ethan Allen at Fort Ticonderoga17The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the war because it proved to France and other European countries that the Patriots m

45、ight win the war.France joined the fight against its long-standing enemy Great Britain by sending supplies to the Continental Army.Soon after,Spain would declare war on Britain.Supplies grew scarcer for the Continental Army.Soldiers often lacked food,clothing,and shelter.The Continental Congress nee

46、ded allies such as France to help supply the troops.George Washingtons troops suffered through a cold and hungry winter at Valley Forge,Pennsylvania,before supplies reached them.In June 1778,after that horrible winter,Washington attacked the British army,now under the command of General Henry Clinto

47、n,at the Battle of Monmouth.Neither side won the fight,which was the last major battle in the northern colonies.A depiction of the legend of Molly Pitcher,a woman who took her husbands place after he died in battleBattling for Independence Level Y9Bunker Hill(and Breeds Hill)After the Battle of Lexi

48、ngton,in which“the shot heard round the world”started the first battle of the American Revolution,the British soldiers,led by Major John Pitcairn,had retreated to Boston.The colonist soldiers camped outside Boston,gathering forces.Around 16,000 Patriot troops eventually surrounded Boston,cutting off

49、 supplies to the British.With Patriot troops surrounding Boston,British General Thomas Gage worried enemy troops might fortify the hills across the Charles River from BostonBunker Hill and Breeds Hill in Charlestown.NORTH AMERICALexingtonConcordBostonATLANTIC OCEANCharlestownBritish retreatMap areaB

50、ritish troops retreated to Charlestown and crossed the river to Boston after their defeat at Lexington and Concord.Battling for Independence Level Y16Britain retaliated in June 1777,by moving a large army led by General John Burgoyne south from Canada.Burgoyne planned to conquer the Hudson River are