PEP小学英语语法要点及习题.docx

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1、PEP小学英语语法要点及精选习题四、一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、支配或打算做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day (week, month, year.), soon, the day after tomorrow (后天)等。二、基本结构：(1) be going to + do;(2) will+do.三、否定句：在be动词(am, is, are)后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。 例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. 一 Im not going to hav

2、e a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outing this weekend五、对划线部分提问。一般状况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种状况。L问人。Who例如：Im going to New York soon.Whos going to New York soon ?2 .问干什么。What . do,例如： My father is g

3、oing to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon ?3 .问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine.When is she going to bed六、同义句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow. = I will go swimming tomorrow.一、填空。1. 我打算明天和挚友去野炊。I have a picnic

4、 with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛我想去打篮球。Whatnext MondayI play basketball.What you do next MondayI play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。your mothergo shopping this Yes, she . She buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time you meet二、改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改

5、否定）Nancy going to go camping.6. Uli go and join them.（改否定）I go join them.7. Um going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)to get up at 6:30 tomorrow8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.(又寸划线部分提问)she after school1

6、0. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) going to see a play the day after tomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often (go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He (go)

7、to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends I usually(watch) TV and (catch) insects15. Its Friday today. What she ( do ) this weekend She (watch) TV and (catch) insects.16. What (do) you do last Sunday I(pick) apples on a farm. What (do) next Sunday I (milk) cows.17. Mary (visit) her gr

8、andparents tomorrow,18. Liu Tao (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I (plan) for my study now五、一般过去时1 .一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语 连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2 . Be动词在一般过去时中的变更：(1) am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not二wasnt)(2) are 在一般过去时中变为 were。(were

9、not=werent)(3)带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变更和is, am, are 一样，即否定句在 was或were后加not, 一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3 .句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否 定句：didnt + 动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday特殊疑问句：(1)疑问词+ did +主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday(2)疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如:Who wen

10、t to home yesterday动词过去式变更规则：1 . 一般在动词末尾加 一 edo如：pull - pulled, cook - cooked2 .结尾是 e 加 d。如：taste - tasted3 .末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再力口 - ed0如：stop - stopped4 .以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的,变y为i,再加一 edo如:Study - studied5.不规则动词过去式:am, iswasare weredo didseesawsay saidgive 一gaveget - gotgo一wentcome cameha

11、ve hadeat atetake tookrun ransing sangput putmake maderead readwrite -wrotedraw - drewdrink drankfly -flewride rodespeak spokesweep sweptswim 一swamsit 一sat一、写出下列动词的过去式is amflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdo二、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp

12、 last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.9. I an English teacher now.10. She happy yesterday.1

13、1. They glad to see each other last month.12. Helen and Nancy good friends.13. The little dog two years old this year.14. Look, there lots of grapes here.15. There a sign on the chair on Monday.16. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June.It Childrens Day. All the students very excited.

14、三、句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：2. All the students were very excited.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：3. They were in his pocket.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：4. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：5. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：6. Nancy went to school early.

15、否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：7. We sang some English songs.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：8. They played football in the playground.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：三、中译英1 .我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。2 .他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧房里了。3 .一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。4 .格林先生去年住在中国。5 .昨天我们参观了农场。6 .他刚才在找他的手机。7 .我们上周五看了一部电影。8 .他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。9 .你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。10 .你上周在哪儿在野营基地。11 他的挚

16、友在照看他的弟弟。12 .去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟竞赛。13 .他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。四、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.3. We (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy(pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I(make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They (play) chess in the classroom

17、 last PE lesson.7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls (sing) and (dance) at the party.9. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.10. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.11. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park, (go)12. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival13. he (fly

18、) a kite on Sunday Yes, he .14. Gao Shan (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.15. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother .16. What she (find) in the garden last morningShe (find) a beautiful butterfly,五、用动词的适当形式填空1. It (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all (have) a good time last nigh

19、t.3. He (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday, (read)6. He football now, but they basketball just now. (play)7. Jim5s mother (plant) trees just now.8. they (sweep) the floor on Sunday No, they .9. I(watch) a cartoon on Monday

20、.10. We(go) to school on Sunday.11. It (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White (go) to his office by car.12. Gao Shan (put) the book on his head a moment ago.13. Dont the house. Mum it yesterday, (clean)14. What you just now I some housework, (do)15. They(make) a kite a week ago.16. I want to ap

21、ples. But my dad all of them last month, (pick)17. he the flowers this morning Yes, he. (water)18. She (be) a pretty girl. Look, she (do) Chinese dances.19. The students often(draw) some pictures in the art room.20. What Mike do on the farm He cows, (milk)六、形容词和副词的比较级一、形容词的比较级1 .形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人

22、的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带 有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词 用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2 .形容词加er的规则：(1)一般在词尾加er ;(2)以字母e结尾，加r ;(3)以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ;(4)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾，先把y变i,再加er。3 .不规则形容词比较级：good better, beautiful more beautiful二、副词的比较级1 .形容词与副词的区分(有be用形，有形用be;有动用副，有副用动)(1)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之

23、后(2)副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2 .副词比较级的变更规则基本与形容词比较级相同3 .不规则变更：well better, far farther一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级oldyoungtalllongshort strong big smallf at thi nnic e goo d1 ow h i ghlat e early二、依据句意填入单词的正确形式：heavy 1 i ghtbeautifuls 1 ow fastf ar we 111. My brother is two years(old) than me.2. Tom is as(fat) as Jim

24、.3. Is your sister(young) than you Yes, she is.4. Who is (thin), you or Helen Helen is.5. Whose pencil box is (big), yours or hers Hers is.6. Marys hair is as (long) as Lucys.7. Ben (jump) (high) than some of the boys in his class.8. Nancy sing(well) than Helen Yes, she.9. Fangfang is not as(tall) a

25、s the other girls.10. My eyes are (big) than (she)11. Which is (heavy), the elephant or the pig12. Who gets up (early), Tim or Tom13. the girls get up(early) than the boysNo, they.14. Jim runs (slow) . Bi11 Ben runs (slow),15. The child doesnt (write) as (fast) as the students.三、翻译句子：1 . 谁比 Jim 年纪大？

26、是你。 is than Jim ? are.2 .谁比David更强壮?是Gao Shan.than David Gao Shan .3 .谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。pencil is , or?4 .谁的苹果更重,is,I think.你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。apples, youror your5 .你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。as as your uncle Yes, I am.6 .他和他的挚友Jim一样年轻。He as as Jim.7 .她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。asastwinNo,than him.8 . Yang Ling每天睡得比

27、SuYang晚。Yang Ling to than Su Yang every day.9 .我跳得和 Mike 一样远。I as as Mike.10 . Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的，他和我跑得一样快。Tom than youNo, he . He as as.11 .多做运动，你会更强壮。more exercise, you，11 soon.12 .我的科学很好，但是语文不好。I at Science. But I dont well in Chinese.13 .你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。you the kite than Wang bingNo, I it than .

28、14 .我宠爱游泳。我全部的挚友都游得比我慢。I like . All mythan me.15 .我的姐姐起得比我早。My up than me.16 .女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。the girlsthe boys Yes, they .17 .她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesntin PE.But I dont than .18 .你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。you football than your classmatesNo, they as as me.19 .我母亲比我父亲年纪小。Mythan my.20 .她的毛衣和我的一样重。sweat

29、er as as .21 .我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。My dress too . I want to a one.22 . r m taller than Mike .（该成用原级的比较）I5 masas Mike .七、There be句型与have, has的区分1. There be句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2. 在there be句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is ;主语是复数，be动词用are ;如有几件物品，be动词依据最近be动词的那个名词确定。3. there be句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4. there be 句型与 h

30、ave (has)的区分：there be表示在某地有某物(或人)；have (has)表示某人拥有某物。5. some和any在there be句型中的运用：some用于确定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。6. and和or在there be句型中的运用：and用于确定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7. 针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many + 名词复数+ are there +介词短语？How much +不行数名词+ is there +介词短语？8. 针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What5s +介词短语？一、选择 have、has 或者 there is、the

31、re are 填空。1. I a good father and a good mother,2. a telescope on the desk.3. He a tape recorder.4. a basketball in the playground.5. She some dresses.6. They a nice garden.7. What do you 8. a reading room in the building9. What does Mike 10. any books in the bookcase11. My father a story book.12. a

32、story book on the table.13. any flowers in the vase14. How many students in the classroom15. My parents some nice pictures.16. some maps on the wall.17. a map of the world on the wall.18. David a telescope.19. Davids friends some tents.20. many children on the hill.二、用恰当的be动词填空。1.Therea lot of sweet

33、s in the box.2.Theresome milk in the glass.3.Theresome people under the the big tree.4.Therea picture and a map on the wall.5.Therea box of rubbers near the books.6.Therelots of flowers in our garden last year.7. There a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.8. There four cups of coffee on the

34、table.三、选择have或has填空。1. I a nice puppet.2. He a good friend.3. They some masks.4. We some flowers.5. She a duck.6. My father a new bike.7. Her mother a vase.8. Our teacher an English book.9. Our teachers a basketball.10. Their parents some blankets11. Nancy many skirts.12. David some jackets.13. My

35、friends a football.14. What do you15. What does Mike16. What do your friends17. What does Helen18. Ilis brother a basketball.19. Her sister a nice doll.20. Miss Li an English book.八、人称代词和物主代词1. 人称代词主格和宾格的区分：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2.物主代词形容词性与名词性的区分：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则 单独运用，后面不带名

36、词。人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一 人称单数1 （我）memy （我的）mine复数we （我们）usour （我们的）ours其次 人称单数you （你）youyour （你的）yours复数you （你们）youyour （你们的）yours第三人称单数he （他）himhis （他的）hisshe （她）herher （她的）hersit （它）itits （它的）its复数They （他/她/它们）themTheir （他/她/它们的）Theirs一、用所给词的适当形式填空2. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but i

37、s verybig. （I）3. The dress is . Give it to. （she）4. Is this watch (you) No, if s not . (I)5. is my brother. name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are . (he)6. dresses are red. (we) What colour are (you)7. Here are many dolls, which one is (she)8. I can find my toy, but where9s (you)9. Show your kite, OK

38、(they)10. I have a beautiful cat.name is Mimi. These cakes are. (it)11. Are these tickets No, are not. arenthere, (they)12. Shall have a look at that classroom That is classroom. (we)13. is my aunt. Do you know job a nurse, (she)14. That is not camera.is at home, (he)15. Where are I cant find. Lets

39、call parents,(they)16. Dont touch . not a cat, a tiger!17. sister is ill. Please go and get . (she)18. dont know her name. Would you please tell . (we)19. So many dogs. Lefs count. (they)20. I have a lovely brother. is only 3, I like very much, (he)21. May I sit beside (you)22. Look at that desk. Th

40、ose book are on . (it)23. The girl behind is our friend, (she)一、名词复数规则1 .一般状况下，干脆加-SO如：book books, bag bags, cat cats, bed beds2 .以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾，力口 - eso brushes, watch - watches如：bus buses, box boxes, brush3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾，变y为i,再加-eso如：family - families, strawberry strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,

41、再加-eso 如：knife knives5.不规则名词复数:man menwoman - womenpoliceman policemenpolicewomanpolicewomenmouse micechild childrenfoot feettooth teethfish fishpeople 一peopleChinese ChineseJapanese Japanese写出下列各词的复数Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefyo yopeachsandwichmanwoma

42、npaperjuicewatermilkricetea二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I a boy.you a boy No, I not.2. The girl Jacks sister.3. The dog tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes a teacher.5. your brother in the classroom6. Where your mother She at home.7. How your father8. Mike and Liu Tao at school.9. Whose dress this10. Whos

43、e socks they11. That my red skirt.12. Who I13. The jeans on the desk.14. Here a scarf for you.15. Here some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk for me.19. Some tea in the glass.20. Gao shan，s shirt over there.21. My sisters

44、 name Nancy.22. This not Wang Fang5 s pencil.23. David and Helen from England24. There a girl in the room.25. There some apples on the tree.26. there any kites in the classroom27. there any apple juice in the bottle28. There some bread on the plate.29. There a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.30. You, he and I from China.二、一般现在时一般现在时的功能1 .表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue,天空是蓝色的。2 .表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3 .表示客观现实。50： The earth goes around the sun.地球围着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1 . be 动词：主语+ be (am, is, are) + 其它。如：I am a boy,我是一个男孩。2 .行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We s