初三英语有哪些语法知识点.docx
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1、初三英语有哪些语法知识点初三英语语法知识点this, that 和 it 用法(1) this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:This is a flower.这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree.那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this,后说that。如:This is a pen. That is a pencil.这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is-,不说That is。如:This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom.这是海
2、伦。海伦,这是汤姆。(5)This is不能缩写,而That is可以缩写。如:This is a bike. That, s a car.这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如:一Hello! Is that Miss Green?喂,是格林小姐吗?一Yes, this is. Who, s that?是的,我是,你是谁?注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am-, Are you?/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that。如:一Is this a
3、 notebook?这是笔记本吗?一Yes, it is.是的,它是。一What?s that?那是什么?一It,s a kite,是只风筝。初三必背英语语法知识点总结一、定义过去将来时常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would +动词原形” 或“was / were going to +动词原形”来表达。过去将来时的基本特征,也就是我么年今天所谈到的“立足过去,着眼未来”。它 表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。例如:Mary told me that she would go to Shanghai by plane.玛丽告诉我说她 将要坐飞机去上海。二、
4、用法1 .表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。I didn t know when he would go to the park.He said that he would wait for me at the school gate.此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。用“was / were going to +动词原形”,“was / were about to +动词原形”表示将来的动作或状态。She told me she was going to fly to Yunnan.I was about to leave the house when the teleph
5、one rang.和一般将来时一样,也可用相应的其他形式表示。2 .过去进行时态有时可用来表示过去将来。He said the train was leaving atfive the next morning. He said he was coming to see me.常见于come, go等瞬间动词。(1)基本构成一一A ) would +动词原形如:He asked me if I would stay here.他问我是否要待在这儿。B ) was / were going to + 动词原形如:No one knew when he was going to finish hi
6、s homework. 没有人知道他什 么时候会完成作业。C ) was/ were ( about ) to + 动词原形如:He said that they were to leave at six. 他说他们将于 6 点动身。She said that the meeting was about to begin. 她说会议就要开始了D) come, go, arrive, leave, die等瞬时动词,用在过去进行时态中表示过去将 来。如:She told us that she was leaving for Yunnan.她告诉我们她将要去云南。 (2)基本用法一一A )主句为
7、过去时,宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。如:Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years.没有人知道百年 之后将会发生什么事。We wanted to know whether she was going to speak at the meeting. 我们想矢口 道她是否准备在会上发言。B )在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时,用过去将来时表示在当时看将来会发 生的事。如:It was a Sunday afternoon. A young woman named Maria had just left school.一个星期天的下午
8、,一位名叫玛丽亚的年轻人刚离开学校。He was going to start to work the next week, so she decided to buy some new clothes and a new pair of shoes.因为她准备下周开始工作,所以,决定买些 新衣服和一双新鞋子。C )过去将来时还可以用来表示非真实的动作或状态。如:If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Harvard University.如果我有机会出国学习的话,我就会去哈佛大学。I wish he would go with
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