Unknown： Cosmic Time Machine《地球未知档案：宇宙时光机（2023）》完整中英文对照剧本.docx

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1、宇宙大爆♥炸♥之后宇宙里充满了这种宇宙汤After the Big Bang, the universe was just filled是由氢气和氯气组成的with this sort of cosmic soup of hydrogen and helium gas.最终那些氢和氨原子Eventually, those hydrogen and helium atoms开始结合形成恒星started to form together to fuse stars.恒星可能聚集在一起变成了星系The stars were probably grouped into g

2、alaxies.那就是我们所说的第一缕光That was what we call the first light.为了看到第一缕光宇宙中的第一个星系To see first light, the first, uh, galaxies in our universe,遥远的过去就是创造发生的地方that distant past is where creation happened.当我们看着天空在我们银河系的星体之外When we look at the sky, beyond the stars in our Milky Way,我们只能看见黑暗we can only see darkn

3、ess.我们从来没有技术Weve never had the technology可以看到宇宙故事的第一部分to see that first part of the story of the universe.为了能够回到过去To be able to look back in time看到第一缕光to see the very first light,你需要史上最复杂的望远镜you need the most complex telescope in history.韦伯在美国宇航局的整个历史上是最冒险的任务Webb, in the whole history of NASAjs the

4、riskiest mission ever done.这项任务可能是技术上的胜利This mission could be a technological triumph也可能是令人心碎的灾难or a heartbreaking disaster.我们要把最大的望远镜送入太空160万公里之外Were putting the largest telescope in space,a million miles away.很多环节都可能会出错You know； you can think of a thousand things that can go wrong.这是有史以来所有任务中镜越大能聚

5、集的光线越多The bigger the mirror, the more light youre collecting.所以要真正看到第一缕光就一定要大So, to actually see first light, youre going to have to be big.我们有五个关注的概念这是原始的一个We had five. five concepts that we looked at.This was, uh, an original one.这些设计的细节才会出问题The devil in these designs are in the details,所以你要进入细节工程

6、才行so it isnt until you get to, you know, some detailed engineering到这种程度才能找到问题that looks like this, that you find the problems.最明显的问题是The most obvious problem,它的直径比运载它的火箭大its. its diameter is bigger than the diameter of the rocket that carries it.所以你要把它折起来So you have to fold it up.我们的部署让主镜堆叠起来We had

7、deployments that had the primary mirror segments stacked,看起来就像一个电唱机almost like a record player.我们其中一个概念是部署主镜And then one of the concepts that we had was, uh, to deploy the primary mirror 用两张看起来像连墙桌的叶片using two leaves that look like a drop table,这就是我们现在做的which is what were doing now.我们的初步设计评审是在2008年O

8、ur preliminary design review was 2008,那时起望远镜开始看起来像如今的样子了and thats where the telescope starts really looking like what we have today.这不是韦伯的最佳模型之一Its not one of the best models of Webb,但已经足够能给多数人展示特点了but its good enough to show most people the features.这是主镜星光进入There*s the primary mirror. Starlight com

9、es in,照到主镜聚焦到次镜hits the primary mirror, gets focused down to the secondary mirror,再送入这个黑色棱锥结构and gets sent into this, uh, black pyramidal structure.然后再回到仪器这里After that, it goes back here where the instruments are.摄像头分光仪.The cameras, the spectrometers.抱歉这个胶有点松了Im sorry, the. the glue is coming a litt

10、le loose on this,但这里这个是遮光板but this right here is the sunshield.遮光板阻挡了来自太阳、地球和月亮的光The sunshield blocks out the light from the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon.我们希望我们的望远镜保持冷态We want our telescope to be cold,不会比它要观测的微弱的星星更亮so that it doesnt glow brighter than the faint stars its looking at.在344个单点失效项目中Of t

11、he 344 single point failure items,225个与遮光板的部署有关225 are associated with the sunshield deployment.那是一次前所未有的部署That is a never-before-done deployment.首先发生的是The first thing that happens,你们看到的两侧的两个大托盘those two big pallets that you see on each side,把一个折下去然后折另一个fold down one, then fold down the other.它们托着遮光

12、板的折叠层They*re holding the folded layers of the sunshield.然后一个非常复杂的滑轮和张力电机系统Then a very complex system of pulleys and tensioning motors在六个顶点中的每一个都展开遮光板expand the sunshield at each of the six vertices.我们会分别拉紧这五层中的每一层And we will individually tension each of those five layers来获得正确的彼此之间连接的形状和位置to get not

13、only the right shape,but the right position, relative to each other.有34个单点失效There are 34 single point failure items与五层的拉紧有关associated with the tensioning of the five layers.第二层三个数后开始三、二、一Layer two, on three, two, one.这个太空任务The thing thats really different from this space mission和之前其他任务真正的不同是它的脆弱to p

14、retty much any other space mission ever done, is how flimsy it is.这不是金属片Its not a piece of metal.更像是折起来的伞Its more like a folded-up umbrella.我们进行了三个全面部署We did three full-scale deployments,不断折叠导致遮光板磨损and the refolding put wear and tear on the sunshield.遮光板的磨损到了我们说“不行”的地步The tearing of the sunshield th

15、at we were seeing got to the point where we said, No. “现在该停止测试和过度测试了Its time to stop testing and overtesting.1*当你处理大的片状东西When youre doing things like, you know, large sheets,数公里的电缆可能会纠缠起来its miles of cables, things that can get tangled,在零重力环境下电缆可能会到你不想让它们在的地方can go in places you dont want them to in

16、 zero-G.很多环节都可能出错You can think of a thousand things that can go wrong.我们把它揉碎、折叠我们要把它放到火箭上We bust it up, fold it up, were going to put it on a rocket,然后我们在太空里用电脑控制重建它and then we*re going to literally rebuild it robotically in space, 这是之前从没做过的and thats, uh. thatrs never been done before.发射14天后我们锁定主镜的两

17、边Fourteen days after launch, we latch both sides of the primary mirror.和主镜相关的有十个单点失效There are ten single point failure items associated with the primary mirror；每个侧翼上五个five for each wing.有18个单独的部分是建立镜的好方法Having 18 individual segments was a good way to build the mirror.每个镜都可以移♥动♥Each ind

18、ividual mirrors movable.这能帮助我们定位每个六边形That helps us to position each of those hexagons来用电脑控制聚焦到我们的望远镜to robotically focus our telescope.它要去距离地球大约160万公里的地方Its going out about a million miles away from the Earth, 比月球远四倍four times farther than the Moon.你不希望望远镜在低温下You dont want the telescope cracking, br

19、eaking,裂开、破碎when it gets down to cryogenic temperatures.美国宇航局在约翰逊航♥天♥中心NASA actually retrofitted改造了最大的冷冻舱the biggest Cryovac chamber down at Johnson Space Center.之前是阿波罗时代用的It was used for Apollo era.花了好几年才能容纳这个巨大望远镜It took years to be able to accommodate this huge telescope.它有三层楼的高度做温度

20、测试Its the size of a three-story building,tested at temperatures, you know, 在零下223度表现良好at 50 degrees above absolute zero, and it worked great.这简直是奇迹Thats almost miraculous.戈达德上演人们期待已久的There was this awesome day at Goddard期待数年的这么美好的一天that people have been looking forward to for years, really.他们把它直立起来朝

21、着观察区旋转They raised it upright and rotated it towards the viewing area, 我们都看到了那面镜子and we all got to see that mirror.那就像是“哇不能哭”的时刻And that was just a, like, Whew, don*t start crying moment.我是说因为你在这面镜子看到了自己的反射I mean, because youre. youre seeing your own reflection而就是这面镜子要去探测in the same mirror thats goin

22、g to detect light婴儿星系和遥远星球的光线from infant galaxies and distant planets.想到这面镜子上也能看到我？这也太酷了And to think that its also seeing me? Like, that was. that was really cool.我们设计了这个望远镜We*ve designed this telescope专门为了在红外光下看宇宙specifically to see the universe in infrared light.距离最远的星系太远了The most distant galaxies

23、 are so far away它们发出来的光都是红外光that they are emitting all of their light as infrared light,光会比你眼睛能看到的范围更红一点light thafs a little bit more red than what your eyes can see.就算我们有像哈勃一样的可见光望远镜Even if we had a telescope like Hubble, a visible-light telescope,那会更大that was much, much, much bigger,我们还是无法看到那些第一星系

24、发出的光we still wouldnt be able to see the light from these first galaxies.虽然我们设计这个望远镜主要是为了研究早期星系While we designed this telescope to primarily study early galaxies；它太大、太强了the fact that its so big and so powerful这意味着它会有空前的能力means that it will have unprecedented capability来帮助我们更多地了解系外行星围绕着其他恒星的行星in helpi

25、ng us learn more about exoplanets, about planets orbiting other stars.尤其是附近的行星是否In particular, about whether or not any of the nearby planets有可能适合居住might be potentially habitable.它的工作方式是The way it will do that观察那颗行星大气层中的分子is by looking at the molecules that are in that planets atmosphere.它可以探测到沼气二氧化

26、碳、水蒸汽It would be able to detect methane, carbon dioxide, water vapor.哪里有水哪里通常就有生命Where there*s water, theres usually life.可以好不夸张地说这架望远镜是我们Its not a stretch to say that this telescope在宇宙搜寻生命的下一个巨大飞跃is our next, sort of, giant leap in our search for life in the universe. 我是说如果我说看这里有五个星球那里看起来I mean, ho

27、w amazing would it be if I said, Took, here are five planets, 好像有生命多棒啊？it looks like there is life there?你能想象吗？这会改变一切Can you imagine? That changes everything.韦伯是人类最好的成果Webb is humans at its best, 对外太空存在的东西的无私追求a selfless pursuit of whafs really out there.多了解我们自己我们的历史、世界本身Learning more about ourselve

28、s, our history, about the world itself.我觉得非常棒I think its incredibly amazing.我在瑞士长大I grew up in Switzerland.我父亲是原教主义教会的传教牧师My father was an evangelist pastor in a fundamentalist church.我们几乎没听说过科学We hardly ever heard about science.我从小就被教导说整个宇宙是在七天内建立的I was taught all my youth that the whole universe w

29、as built in seven days. 然后我上了一堂课And then I went to one class.老师解释了科学是如何改变历史的The teacher explained how science changed the trajectory of history.我想这是我想要的工作And I thought, That the job I want.“我可以做科学并通过它改变历史“1 can do science, and through it, change the course of history. 我已经工作五年了Ive been in the job for

30、 five years.很多人认为我不够耐心Many people think of me as not patient enough.我的责任感有时会让人感觉很严厉My way of accountability sometimes can come across as harsh.但如果失败了But suppose it failed.这会让世界科学的整个历史倒♥退♥It would set the whole history of world science back十到二十年by one to two decades.我会追踪所有的里程I track all

31、 my miles.一整年.每年的目标是1600公里The whole year. A thousand is the goal every year.取决于今年的压力有多大上下波动压力越大距离越远Depending on how stressful the year is, its more or less.The more stress, the more miles. 接近2000公里Closing in on 1,200.美国宇航局对吧？是创造了标语的机构NASA, right? This is the agency that has coined the. the tagline,“

32、没有失败这个选项的机构Failure is not an option.11这是一个听起来很棒的标语It*s a tagline that sounds really good,但每次我们做任务的时候就是有失败这个选项but every time we do a mission, failure is an option.你一开始就有各种挑战There are all these challenges from the very beginning.空间望远镜研究所将负责管理望远镜This institute will be managing a telescope计划于2007年发射它wit

33、h a launch projected for 2007.目标预算是五亿美元The target price for doing this will be 500 million dollars.第一次有人说这个价格的时候The first time somebody talked about the price of that telescope,所有在哈勃太空望远镜上工作的人everybody who had. had worked on. on the Hubble Space Telescope,那个望远镜当时花了超过60亿美元which was close. more than s

34、ix billion dollars,他们都知道这完全是胡扯knew its total bullshit.随着项目的发展As the project grew, 突然间开销到了 60亿美元all of a sudden, the cost went to six billion dollars.霍华德先生你看过钱之坑这个电影吗？Mr. Howard, did you ever see the movie called The Money Pit?是的当然Yes, absolutely.我觉得那部电影的经典台词是“只剩两周了”I think the standard line in that

35、movie was, Its only two more weeks.u现在我们能怎么给选民们解释？Mm-hmm. Now, how can we justify this to our constituents?国会进行了调查There was an investigation by Congress.他们说我们杀了这个项目And they basically said, Lets kill that thing.当时感觉这个项目没有机会了It felt like it wasnt going to happen.国会打算叫停我们Congress was going to cancel us

36、.太震惊了It was a shock.我是个急着用这个望远镜做科学的年轻科学家Im a. a young scientist anxious to do science with this telescope, 现在我们要在这一切努力之后停止？and now were stopping after all this time?国会说我们会给你钱这个时候我就介入了Congress said, Well give you the money/ and thats when I came in.没人想谈这件事感觉像是这.没关系”Nobody wanted to talk about it.Its

37、like JOh, its. its not. its fine.你问“你表现如何？ 他们说“时间在白白流逝但没关系”Its like, Well, how are you performing? nWere losing time, but it will be fine. 并不是没关系It was not fine.我记得它准备好接受震动和声音测试了I remember it getting ready for vibration and acoustics.你要做的是试图破坏望这个远镜What you do is you try to break the telescope.你当然想让它

38、挺过来Of course you want it to survive, but you shake it但你要像它在火箭里那样摇晃它just like it will be shaken in the rocket.我们像在发射时那样对它进行声音轰炸And we blasted sound at it, just like it will see during a launch.第一个测试非常顺利The first test went really, really well.然后当我们用飞船和遮光板测试它的时候Then, when we tested it with the spacecra

39、ft and the sunshield,紧固件开始脱落the fasteners started falling down.那东西上能有一万颗螺丝Theres 10,000 screws on that thing.如果你修过自行车就会知道Now, if youve ever fixed a bicycle,如果你把紧固件放上需要拧紧它它才会锁上you realize if you put the fastener on, you need to tighten it, so it locks. 紧固件没锁上The fasteners were not locked.怎么会这样？How ca

40、n that be?它要去太空了紧固件需要被锁起来It needs to go to space. The fasteners need to be locked.所以我们必须重新检查所有的紧固件找到每一个紧固件So we had to redo all the fasteners, find all of them.用了六个月It took six months花了 1.5亿美元来修复这个问题and cost 150 million dollars to fix the problem.坦白说大家犯了很多不该犯的错Frankly, people are making more mistake

41、s than they should.太丢人了It*s embarrassing.在此期间与其他所有任务相比我们这个任务In the meantime, we got the largest number of negative news stories 得到了最多负面新闻of that mission, as compared to any and all of them.没人想成为失败的一部分Nobody wants to be part of a stinker.每个人都想成为成功的一部分就像任何运动比赛队一样Everybody wants to be part of a success

42、, just like any sports team.你要逆转局势不能再输了You need to turn it around. You need to stop losing.团队一直都是很棒的人The team, they were always amazing people.我认为这是领导力的问题I consider it a leadership issue.我们会有刮伤和损坏镜面的风险We run the risk of scratching and damaging the mirror,所以我们必须非常小心so we have to be very careful about

43、 that.我需要做的是取代领导者们来把团队凝结到一起What I needed to do is replace leaders to bring that team together来创造做这么伟大的事需要的那种专注力and create the attention that it requires to do something this magnificent.所以你想要这种能量“是的我们要做到”Right, so you want the energy, uYes, were going to do this.我觉得情况就是这样And then I think thats what

44、happened.我记得那天我I remember the day where I basically.第一次非常惊讶For the first time, I was really surprised.那两半The two halves,主镜和遮光板它们需要整合起来the primary mirror and the sunshield, they had to come together.我知道这会很困难I knew that was going to be really hard.那两半从没碰过面They had never seen each other, those two halv

45、es.所有的系统、所有的电缆一切都要运转良好All the systems, all the cables, everything had to work.当两半整合在一起时When the two halves came together.第一次就成功了it worked the first time.团队刚好完成了他们需要做的The team were just barely where they needed to be,他们并没有超前突然间他们就超前了and they were not ahead, and all of sudden, they got ahead.他们超出了人们的预

46、期They were better than what people had expected them to be.太棒了That is amazing.我们的任务基本已经准备好了We have a mission thats basically ready.如果有人问我你现在对发射韦伯有多确定了 ？Ifs the largest number of single point failures最大的单点失效数量of any mission ever done.试着想想不敢去想的事“如果失败To try to think the unthinkable of, If it doesn*t work./这绝对是个可怕的想法It*s a scary thought, for sure.任何成功任务系统的工程师Any successful mission systems engineer如果不觉得有运气成分要么是傻子要么是骗子who doesnt think there was luck involved is either a fool or a l