高中英语2024届高考复习高考真题中的熟词生义汇总.docx

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1、高考英语真题中的熟词生义attend【熟义】Vt.出席，参加【生义】vi.照应，照料；处理，料理（+to）1. What should you do if you want to attend the taster session of Jodie s fitness classes? （202L 新高考 H 卷）如果你想参加Jodie的健身课试听课程，你应该怎么做？2. Please excuse me. I must attend to some business.请原谅，我必须处理一些事情。3. The hotel staff attended to my every need.宾馆员工

2、对我照顾得无微不至。charge【熟义】n.费用；冲锋vt.收费，索价；指控【生义】Vt.充电；装（满）；攻击；猛冲V.1. They always charge a lot for the service. （2011 .安徽卷）他们总是对这项服务收费很高。2. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free （users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data）. （2017.江苏卷）这些服务远非向消费者收取高昂的价格，实际上许多服务是免费的

3、（用户实际上是通过交出 更多的数据来支付的）。3. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged. （2018.新课标 HI 卷）当雄性猩猩拍打胸膛并向我冲过来时，噪声震动了树木。我迅速低下身子，避开直视他的眼 睛，以免让他感到被挑衅。4. Before use, the

4、 battery must be charged.电池使用前必须充电。n.1. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. （2022.全国乙卷）根据财政部的数据，由于制造商努力避免这项费用，现在的饮料中糖的含量已经减少了 4500 万公斤。2. There s an apparent laziness that surrounds you here. It s

5、 what this place offers, and it s free of charge. The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down. （ 2014.湖北卷）这里似乎有一种明显的懒散气息环绕着你。这就是这个地方所提供的，而且是免费的。拍打 海岸线的小浪似乎让一切都放慢了节奏。3. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.

6、 （2013.全国甲卷）虽然DIY传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究表明现在是女性在引领这个潮流。coin【熟义】n.硬币【生义】vt.造币，铸币；创造，杜撰（新单词或短语）1. The term cardboard city, was coined to describe communities of homeless people living in cardboard boxes.harder to gather during the area， s annual pony drift （迁移）.（2015.湖1 匕卷）尽管有标志告诫他们不要这么做，但是，游客们仍然不断地给小马们喂食，导致这

7、里的小马 们调皮捣蛋。喂小马的行为增加了它们被汽车撞到的风险，并且在该地区一年一度的小马迁移期 间，会使得它们更难以聚集起来。hold【熟义】vt.拿着，握着；举行，召开【生义】vt.使身体保持某种姿势；抑制，控制；容纳；拥有，持有（金钱、土地、职位等）; 认为；保持，继续2. Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. （2022.全国新高考 H 卷）想象一下这个场景：我的孙子坐在我膝盖上，我把书举在前面，这样他就能看到书中的图片。3.

8、Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. （2021.全国新高考I卷）工作人员为客人们举办了许多酒吧活动，比如免费烈酒试饮、酒吧跳转和卡拉0K。4. The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into m

9、y side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break. （2014.匕京卷）熊猛击相机，将其从三脚架上打落。我抬起左臂保护我的脸；这只猛兽紧紧抓住三脚架，将 其压向我的身侧。我的手臂不能动，我感觉我的骨头就要断了。5. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. （2016.四| 卷）母大熊猫用前爪抱着宝宝，就像人类一样。6. They could hold their attention for

10、long. （2019全国 III 卷）他们能长时间地保持注意力集中。7. Some people believe that they can t help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat. （2014.重庆 卷）有些人认为随着年龄的增长，他们无法阻止体重的增加，而另一些人则认为如果他们停止锻 炼，他们的肌肉会变成脂肪。8. Mrs Thatcher held the post of prim

11、e minister longer than anyone else last century.撒切尔夫人在上个世纪担任首相的时间比任何其他人都要长。9. I d thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book,but no one could see me immediately. （2013.重庆卷）我本以为可以忍受到我的牙医从假期回来，但是

12、疼痛真的无法忍受。我开始打电话给电话簿 上的牙医，但没有人能立即看我。10. He smiled and said. She doesn, t know me, but I know who she is. I had to hold back tears as he left. （2010.全国 I 卷）他微笑着说：“她不认识我，但我知道她是谁。”当他离开时，我不得不强忍住泪水。11. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large, warm, and s

13、oft object in its environment, particularly if that object also gives it milk. （2013.浙江卷）在生命的最初几天，婴儿会接近并紧紧抓住环境中几乎任何大的、温暖的、软的物体，特别 是如果那个物体还能给它奶。12. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants, overall health status. （2020.浙江卷）即使科学家们考虑了参与者的整体健康状况，这个结果仍然是成立的。13. In 18

14、70, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim一were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens greatnes

15、s is unchallenged. （2018.浙江卷）1870年，当狄更斯去世时，世界以其首位职业作家和出版商的身份为他哀悼，他在小说的出 版和读者群的扩大上引领了一次爆发，他的角色一一从奥利弗特维斯特到小提姆一一被视为道 德的试金石。如今，狄更斯的伟大地位无人质疑。land【熟义】n.陆地，土地v.（使）登陆【生义】vt.捕（鱼），抓住或钓上（鱼）；成功得到（工作）1. China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. （2020.全国I卷）中国已经成为第一个在月球背面

16、着陆宇宙飞船的国家。2. Congratulations!v Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job. （2013.山东卷）恭喜！ ”吉米坐下来，他们共享了一杯应得的咖啡，因为他找到了一份新工作。3. It wasn t until 1980 - 32 years into his career 一 that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! （2021 .浙江卷

17、）直到1980年一一他的职业生涯已经过去32年一一他在飞机大战中获得了他似乎天生就 应该扮演的角色。4. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: Safe! Safe! Safe!” And thats what matteredlanding tricks, being a good skater. （2021.全国甲卷）几分钟后，当我完成了那个特技，我的朋友们大声地敲打他们的滑板，大喊：“成功！成功！ 成功！”这就是重要的一一完成特技，成为一个优秀的

18、滑板手。last【熟义】adj.最后的vt.持续，延续；使得以维持【生义】adj.最不可能的；最不适当的1. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing. （2014 .北京卷）墨尔本海洋生物水族馆每年的每一天，包括公众假期，都从上午9:30开放至下午6:00。最 后的入场时间是在下午5:00,即在关闭前的一

19、小时。2. So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night s leftovers - it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat i

20、t tomorrow. （2009全国 II 卷）所以早上要吃点东西，无论是什么。我知道很多朋友最后完全不吃早餐，只是喝咖啡或橙汁。 我建议，试试加热昨晚的剩菜-这听起来可能有点疯狂，但如果对你有用，就去做吧！我发现, 如果我告诉自己，“你总是可以明天吃。”3. Elli and I feared the fence wouldn t last through 30 more minutes of the bear s punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. （2020.1折江卷）埃利和我都担心围栏无法经受住熊接下来

21、30分钟的猛攻。营地经理建议我使用辣椒喷雾。4. Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. （2020.全国新高考 H 卷）在过去的七年里，大多数州已经禁止驾驶员在驾驶时发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种方 法来说服人们在

22、驾驶时放下手机。5. The last thing she needed was more work,她最不需要的就是更多的工作。6. After a long while, he at last found his voice: Hey!Whose Christmas miracle is this?” （2013 .湖北卷）过了很长一段时间，他终于找回了声音：“嘿！这是谁的圣诞奇迹？ ”lead【熟义】Vt.领导n.铅【生义】vt .通向（to）;导致（to）;（在比赛中）领先；过（生活）n.榜样，带头作用1. I was asked to lead a small team of loc

23、al people in building a new schoolhouse. （2014. 广东卷）我被要求领导一个由当地人组成的小团队，建造一所新的学校。2. If it s a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead you back to the classroom. （2014.四川卷）如果是错误的警报，没有火灾，你的老师会带领你们返回教室。3. Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life. （2012.浙江卷）只有接受这个现实

24、的人才能过上真正充实的生活。4. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better. （2012.全国课标卷）但是其他方法，比如和你信任的人交谈，可以帮助你解决问题，或者至少会让你感觉好一些。1. In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes

25、to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead, with more tactics （策略）.（2015.重庆卷）在古埃及，一位店主发现他仅仅通过改变店铺的环境就能吸引客户。现代商业一直在效仿他 的做法，并使用了更多策略。6. Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quanti

26、ties of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney （肾）failure and death. （2016.北京卷）铅中毒已经证明更难处理。当秃鹫吃含铅的其他动物的尸体时，它们会吸收大量的铅。这影 响了它们的神经系统和生育幼鸟的能力，并可能导致肾功能衰竭和死亡。7. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was

27、the lead author of the study. （2019.浙江卷）许多因素导致了这种衰退，研究的主要作者、生态学家帕特里克麦金泰尔说。8. A decade of data breaches （数据侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they? re able to carry out individually targeted ca

28、mpaigns to cheat people. （2019 .北京卷）十年来，个人信息的数据侵入导致了骗子可以轻易获取到你母亲的姓名，甚至更多信息。有 了这些知识，他们就能实施针对个人的欺诈活动。9. These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding, but that they also lead to superior revision in the future. （2014.辽宁卷）这两项实验表明，手写笔记不

29、仅对即时学习和理解有更大的帮助，而且还能在未来的复习中 表现出优越性。10. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal wit

30、h the conflict. （2012.浙江卷）例如，一个学生每天午餐都吃花生酱三明治，这个事实可能会引发争斗。对三明治的嘲笑可 能会导致侮辱，进而可能引发暴力。问题并不在三明治上，而在于学生们处理冲突的方式。leave【熟义】vt.离开；留下；忘了带，丢下【生义】Vt.使处于某种状态；听任n.假期（不可数）1. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet （芭蕾）dancer. （2015.

31、胡1 匕卷）如果你让手臂伸出来，在零重力环境下它们会自由地漂浮着，这经常会让正在睡觉的宇航员 看起来像个滑稽的芭蕾舞者。2. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways. （2011.匕京卷）但同样有可能这些资金会被浪费掉，留下新的问题，就像铁路和公路一样。3. Repeated use of um, ah, like, you know and some other

32、 useless noises can drive an audience crazy.It makes the speaker sound uncertain and unprepared, and it can leave listeners so annoyed that they can t pay attention. （2012.陕西卷）频繁使用“嗯”、“啊”、“像”、“你知道”和其他无意义的噪音可能会让听众发疯。这会让演 讲者听起来不确定和没有准备好，而且会让听众感到非常烦恼，无法集中注意力。4. Since it was our turn next, we were left

33、wondering what scene wou 1 d be prepared for us. （2012.全国课标卷）由于接下来轮到我们了，我们不知道会为我们准备什么场景而感到疑惑。5. I decide to make the trip next October on my annual leave. （2014.陕西卷） 我决定在明年十月利用我的年假去旅行。leave for It s high time we left for the airport. （2011 .天津卷）我们该马上动身去机场了。major【熟义】adj.大的；主要的【生义】n.大学主修科目vt.主修，专攻1 .W

34、ere now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes. （2021.北京卷）我们现在正在阿尔斯加博物馆建造一座时钟，它反映了几条阿拉斯加主要河流的总流量，这 些河流对当地和全球环境变化非常敏感。2 . Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major ci

35、ties of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. （2015. 湖北卷）Hilversum是荷兰北荷兰省Gooi地区阿姆斯特丹和乌得勒支两个主要城市之间的一个中等规 模的城市。与荷兰大部分地区不同，Hilversum实际上位于一个多山的地区，土壤主要由沙子组 成。

36、3 .There are many social science majors in large companies who fill important positions. For example , a number of research studies found that social science majors had achieved greater managerial success than those who had technical training or pre-professional courses. （2014.全国 I 卷）许多大公司中有很多社会科学专业

37、的人担任重要职位。例如，一些研究发现，社会科学专业的人在管理方面比那些有技术培训或预职业课程的人取得了更大的成功。monitor【熟义】n.班长【生义】n.监听器，监控器；检测vt.监控；检查1. Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems. （202

38、0. W匕京卷）她的监测显示，空气污染水平越靠近地面越高，这凸显了婴儿和幼儿可能更容易患上肺部问 题的担忧。2. They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early,or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users. （2018. 江苏卷）他们应该更好地监控他们的网站，以防止儿童过早注册，或者他们应该根据年龄较小的用户 的需求调整他们的网站。3. While Jennifer was

39、 at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor （监控器） a few hundred miles away was watching her every move. （2013.广东卷）当詹妮弗在家参加她的商法课程在线考试时，数百英里之外的监控器正在监视她的每一个动 作。owe【熟义】vt.欠；欠债【生义】Vt.感恩，感激；（常用to连用）归功于1. I owe you for your help.我感谢你的帮助。2. She still owes her father 3 000.她还欠她父亲 3 0

40、00 英镑。3. I knew that I owed the surgeon my life,我明白外科医生救了我的命。owing to The game was cancelled owing to torrential rain.比赛因大雨取消了。passage【熟义】段落，章节【生义】n.通过，通行；（狭窄的）通道，走廊；（时间的）流逝；船程1. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled（雪橇）across the continent. The journey was intended to ach

41、ieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back. （2016全国 II 卷）从那时起，沙克尔顿打算通过雪橇越过南极洲。这次旅行的目的是要超越罗伯特法尔康斯 科特船长所做的事情。斯科特船长在1912年初到达了南极点，但在返回途中与他的四名同伴一起 死去。2. In 1934, with the passage

42、of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act （Act）, an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory （ 迁 徙）water fowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. （2021 .新高考 1 卷）1934年，随着候鸟猎捕印花税法（法案）的通过，一个日益关注的国家采取了坚定的行 动，以阻止迁徙水禽及其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。3. If we tend to ignore

43、the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experienceone that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we re hanging from a cable in a long passa

44、ge. （2014. 5胡）匕 卷）如果我们倾向于忽视电梯的重要性，可能是因为乘坐电梯往往是一个短暂、无聊甚至尴尬的 经历，可能会意外地遇见与我们毫无共同点的人，并且会让我们不愉快地意识到我们是悬挂在一 根长长的缆绳上的。4. Her confidence grew with the passage of time.她的信心与日俱增。5. Her grandfather had worked his passage to America.她的祖父一路在船上打工支付船 费来到美国。perform【熟义】表演【生义】Vt.做；执行；履行；行使（某种功能）表现1. By using the late

45、st technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don t need to be flying overhead. （2022.全国乙卷）通过使用最新技术,无人机也可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务,在铁轨或开关发生故障前 检

46、测到故障。为了执行这些任务,铁路无人机不需要飞越铁轨上空。2. They could perform basic addition. （2019全国 III 卷）它们能够做基本的加法运算。3. In the final chapter of part one, I 11 guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I 11 draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1, 600 people agreed to perform a dig

47、ital declutter. （2023.全国新课标 I 卷）第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导你进行自己的数字清理。在此过程中，我将参考我在2018 年进行的一个实验,在该实验中,超过1600人同意进行数字清理。4. “The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate（旋转）and translate shapes, “ Levine said in a statement. （2020.全国 I

48、I 卷）“与没有玩拼图的孩子相比，玩拼图的孩子在评估他们旋转和转换形状的能力的任务中表现 更好，”莱文在一份声明中说道。5. Born to a Jewish family in Florence she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. （2023.全国乙卷）她出生在一个佛罗伦萨的犹太家庭，后来搬到了巴黎,在那里她作为一名医生工作，并实施外 科手术。picture【熟义】n.画，图画；照片【生义】vt.想象；（生动地）描述、描述1. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations, It s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan s traffic light. It s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett? s innovation t