七年级英语语法知识总结（6篇）.docx

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1、七年级英语语法知识总结七年级英语语法知识总结（精选6篇）总结是在某一特定时间段对学习和工作生活或其完成情况，包括 取得的成绩、存在的问题及得到的经验和教训加以回顾和分析的书面 材料，它能使我们及时找出错误并改正，让我们来为自己写一份总结 吧。那么总结要注意有什么内容呢？以下是小编整理的七年级英语语 法知识总结（精选6篇），供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要 的朋友。七年级英语语法知识总结篇11 .现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一 段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2 .现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3 .现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4、现在进

2、行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首5 .现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+ be +主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+ be +动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则L一般情况下,直接加ing ,如：cook-cooking2 .以不发音的e结尾，去e力口 ing ,如：make-making, tastetasting3 .如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字 母，再力口 ing ,如:run-running, stop-stoppingwill+ do.三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, a re） I后加not或情态动词will后

3、加 not 成 won to例如:T m going to have a picnic this afternoon. F m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.肯定祈使句1. Please go and ask the man.2. Let* s learn English!3. Come in, please.否定祈使句1. Don t be late.2. Don t hurry.(三)疑问句(1) 一般疑问句 (l)Is Jim a student?(2) Can I help you?(3) Does she like salad?(

4、4) Do they watch TV?(5) Is she reading?肯定回答：Yes, he is.(2) Yes, you can.(3) Yes, she does.(4) Yes, they do.(5) Yes, she is.否定回答：(1) No, he isn t.(2) No, you can t.(3) No, she doesn t.(4) No, they don t.(5) No, she isnz t.2 .选择疑问句Is the table big or small? 回答 It s big./ It s small.3 .特殊疑问句Q)问年龄 How o

5、ld is Lucy? She is twelve.(2)问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.(3)问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.(4)问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is .(5)问原因 Why do you want to join the club?问时间 What s the time? (=Wha

6、t time is it?) It7 s a quarter to ten a.m.What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o clock.When do you want to go? Let s go at 7:00.(7)问地方 Where s my backpack? It s under the table.(8)问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.What s your favourite color? Itz s black.(9)问人物 Who s that? It s

7、my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isnz t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?(10)问东西 What s this/that (in English)? It s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.(11)问姓名 What s your aunt* s name? Her

8、 name is Helen./Shez s Helen.What s your first name? My first name s Ben.What s your family name? My family name1 s Smith.(12)问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.(13)问字母 What letter is it? Itz s big D/small f.Q4)问价格 How much are these pants? They* re 15 dollars.(15)问电话号码 What s your phone

9、number? It s 576-8349.（16）问谓语（动作）What s he doing? He s watching TV.（17）问职业（身份）What do you do? T m a teacher.What s your father? He s a doctor.三.七年级英语语法-时态（一）一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：Be 动词：She s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn t a worker.情态动词:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I

10、 can t play the piano.彳亍为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn1 t have a watch.（二）现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.F m playing baseball. Are you playing

11、 baseball? F m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn t writing a letter.They* re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They arenz t listening to the pop music.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为 or,第一二人称互换。例如:We are going to go

12、on an outing this weekend. 一 Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三 种情况。1 .问人。Who 例如：I m going to New York soon. Who s going to New York soon.2 .问干什么。What. do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. 一What is your father going to do with you t

13、his afternoon.3 .问什么时候。When.例如：She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.七年级英语语法知识总结篇21.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和 表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的 动作感谢。2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：(i)am和is在一般过去时中变为waso

14、(was not=wasn t)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren/ t)带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were 调到句首。3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn t + 动词原形，如:Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did ,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yeste

15、rday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1 .一般在动词末尾加ed ,如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .结尾是 e JU d ,: taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写 末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed ,如：stop-stopped4 .以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i ,再加-ed ,如：study- studied5 .不规则动词过去式：amjs-wasz a re-were, do-didz see-saw, say-said, give-

16、gave, get-got, go-went, come-camez have-had, eat-atez take-took, run- ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drewz drink-drank, fly-flewz ride-rodez speak-spoke, sweep- swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 七年级英语语法知识总结篇31 .一般情况下,直接加-s ,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 .以 s.

17、x. sh. ch 结尾，力口一es ,如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i,再加-es ,如：familyfamilies, strawberry-strawberries4 .以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es ,如：knife-knives5 .不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot- feetz.tooth

18、-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese；Japanese-Japanese七年级英语语法知识总结篇41、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之 前（有时候位于than之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要 带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性我I me我的my mine你，你们you you你的，你们的your yours他 he him 他的 his his她 she her 她的 her hers它 it it 它的

19、its its我们 we us我们的our ours他（她，它）们they them他（她,它）们的their theirs七年级英语语法知识总结篇5一般现在时基本用法介绍No. 1 一般现在时的功能1 .表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝 色的。2 .表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我 每天六点起床。3 .表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着 太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be 动词：主语+be（am,is,are）+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一

20、个男孩。2彳亍为动词：主语+行为动词（+其它）。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数（he, she,it）时,要在动词后加或“-es”。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如:-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ dont

21、( doesnt) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) + 主语+动词原 形+其它。如：-Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑 问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does y

22、our father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则1 .一般情况下，直接加-s ,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，力口-es ,如:guess-guesses, washwashes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i,再力口-es ,如：study-studies 七年级英语语法知识总结篇6一、七年级英语语法一词法(一)名词4 .名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它 没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：(1)在后面加

23、so如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans,apples, bananas(2)x, sh, ch, s, tch 后力口 eso如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentarydocumentaries, story-stories以元音字母加y结尾的直接加so如：day-days, boy-boysz toy-toys, key

24、-keys, ways以。结尾加s(外来词)。如：radios, photos,但如是辅音力口 o 的加es :如:tomatoes西红柿，potatoes马铃薯以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)o如：knife-knives, wifewives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子，Chinese, Japanese一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clo

25、thes, socks(8)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察 局，警察,class班，同学,family家，家庭成员(9)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如： action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由 man 或 woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachersQO)有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类,p叩er纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文，work工作works作品，

26、工厂，glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光线lights 灯，people人peoples民族,time时间times时代,次数,chicken鸡 肉chickens小鸡(11)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加S或So如：Is(r s), Ks (K s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs(12)特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman- Englishm

27、en5 .名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。 构成如下：（1）单数在后面加so如：brother s, Mike s, teacher s（2）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加，如果不是以s结尾的与单数 一样处理。如：Teachers Day 教师节，classmates Children s Day六一节,Women/ s Day妇女节（3）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只 加最后一个s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben s room迈克和本的房间供住一间），Mike s and Ben s rooms迈克和本的

28、房间（各自的房间）（二）代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数 I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数 she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself复数 they them their theirs these those themselves（三）动词6

29、 .第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数复数那样加s , 如下：一般在词后加 s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains(2)在 x, sh, ch, s, tch 后力口 eso如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加eso如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, saysz stays, enjoys, buys以o结尾力口 eso如：does, goes特殊

30、的有：are-is, have-has7 .现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原 形，构成如下：Q) 般在后力口 ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see- seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watchwatching, go-going, do-doing(2)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ingo如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, h

31、ave-having(3)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字 母组合如show -showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再 加 ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning(4)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ingo如：tie-tying系die-dying死 lie-lying 位于(四)形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高 级形式。构成如下：Q)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如： gre

32、ater-greatest, shorter-shortest, taller-tallest, longer-longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest(2)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除 外,如few-fewer fewest）结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /esto如： big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i力口 er/est。如：happy-happier happiest sorry-sorrier sorriest,

33、 friendly-friendlier friendliest（more friendly most friendly）, busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest（4）特殊情况：（两好多坏，一少老远）good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill - worse worstlittle- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farthe r/fu rther farth est/fu rthest（五）数词（基变序，有规则;一、二、三

34、，自己背;五、八、九、十二; 其它后接 th;y 结尾，变为 i, eth 跟上去。）first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth二、七年级英语语法-句式（一）陈述句肯定陈述句1. This is a book, （be 动词）2. He looks very young.（连系动词）3.1 want a sweat like this.（实义动词）4.1 can bring some things to school.（情态动词）5. There s a computer on my desk. （There be 结构）否定陈述句1. These aren7 t their books.2. They don t look nice.3. Kate doesn t go to No. 4 Middle School.4. Kate can t find her doll.5. There isn t a cat here. （=There/ s no cat here.）（二）祈使句