高考英语常用词汇.docx

《高考英语常用词汇.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语常用词汇.docx（33页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、高考英语常用词汇admittedly应当承认：1.1. admittedly 应当承认：3. discreetly小心谨慎地：4. conceivably可以想象地5. surely肯定地6. eagerly渴望地7. increasingly不断增长地8. honestly:诚实地9. certainly:当然地表歹U举：for example、for instance、that is to say表补充：besides in addition moreover表对比:on the one handon the other handin spite of表原因：because of than

2、ks to due to owing to表结果：therefore thus as a result、so表结论：to conclude、 in a word in brief to sum up表转折：however、 nevertheless、yetthrough in term of/via operate manipulate21 .enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)22 .complex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often

3、 has many small parts and details)23 . Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24 .small=minuscule(very small), minute, V. A. B8 Q6 w, p$ S25 .praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26 .hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works ha

4、rd or does things very thoroughly27 .difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28 .poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29 .fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerab

5、le is easily hurt emotionally or physically)+30 .show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31 .big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)+32 .avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/

6、he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)% - ?0 B/ X: V33 .fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)0 U! VO e/ a” hO L8 34 .attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently35 .dislike=abhor(abhor means you

7、hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36 .ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39 .always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)440 .forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(someth

8、ing immutable will never change or be changed)41 .surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42 .enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)#43 .quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and

9、quiet)!44 .expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)veryexpensive),45.luxurious=lavish(impressive andsumptuous(grand and very expensive46 .boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47 .respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respec

10、t and admire him/her. FORMAL)48 .worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49 .cold=ch川y(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50 .hot=boiling(very hot)51 .dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to peoples safety and health)/ 52 .nowadays=currently53.onl

11、y=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;1 4.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55 .part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)( h56 .result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58 .basedon=de

12、rived fro mean see or notice them very easily)6O.quite=fairly61 .pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing62 .field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63 .appear=emerge(come into existence)64 .whole=entire(the whole of something)865 .wet=moist(slightly wet),

13、damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!66 .wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68 .change=convert(change into another form)69 .typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70 .careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid dang

14、er), prudent(careful andsensible)71 .ability=capacity, capability(the same as abilit72 .strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in astrange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)74.use= utilize (the same a

15、s use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure andsatisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged

16、(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81 .ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#82 .attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing canattract you a great deal)(1)改变时态The bell is ringing now. （一般）There

17、 goes the bell!（高级）（2）改变语态People suggest that the conference be put off. （一般）It is suggested that the conference be put off. （高级）（3）使用不定式He is so kind that he can help me. （一般）He is so kind as to help me. （高级）(4)使用过去分词She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.（一般）Followed by many stud

18、ents, she walked out of the lab.（高级）（5）使用v-ing形式When he arrives, please give me an e-mail. （一般）On his arriving, please give me an e-mail. （高级）（6）使用名词性从句I happened to have met him. （一般）It happened that I had met him. （高级）（7）使用定语从句The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was welloffspring descend

19、ant inevitable dispensable detail specific explain interpret obvious conspicuous hurtvulnerable use employ/utilize value merit provide lend offer true accurate leading to contribute to/ conduce to/result inwritten.（一般）The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.（高级）（8）使用状语从句I won

20、 t believe what he says. （一般）No matter what he says, I won t believe. （高级）（9）使用虚拟语气The ship didn t sink with all on board because there were the efforts of the captain. （一般）But for the efforts of the captain, the ship would have sunk with all on board.（高级）（10）使用强调句型Regular radio broadcasts began in

21、1920. （般）It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began.（高级）（11）使用倒装Though I mweak, I II make the effort.（一般）Weak as I am, I Ml make the effort.（高级）（12）使用并列句If you go through the gate, you Ml find the entrance to Bear Country.（一般）Go through the gate, and you ll find the entrance to Bear C

22、ountry.（高级）最后，让我们看看高级词汇。词汇能体现你知识贮存量 的多寡，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。As a result, the plan was a failure.（一般）The plan turned out to be a failure. （高级）Because the weather was good，our journey was comfortable. （一般）Thanks to the good weather , our journey was comfortable.（高级）When she heard he had died, she went pal

23、e with sorrow.（一般）At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.（高 级）高考英语作文中复杂结构和高级词汇使用时的注意事项、注意适量性 使用“较复杂结构或较高级词汇”应适量，并非去“创造词 汇和句子结构”，并非追求通篇使用长句和各种新的词汇。 所谓“使用复杂结构和较高级词汇”是在有把握的情况下适 量使用，不要大量堆砌新词，过分追求“复杂”和“高级”。 其实，一篇文章有一两个也就够了。同时注意用词的准确性, 不能生造词汇。在英国，作文课老师常用下面这句话教诲自 己的学生：Do not coin（仓Li造）words an

24、d expressions that nobody can understand.如：He walked straightly towards me. 句中straightly是杜撰的词，因为straight的形容词和副词形 式一致。二、注意灵活性2.常见词或结构也能表现不俗。使用“复杂结构或高级词汇” 并非要同学们完全使用课文中没有学过的，让同学们在课外 大量识记新词，增加学习负担。其实，常见词也能表现不俗。 即使是简单的词汇也可造出“不俗”的句子，如：“他很忙”， 若表达为：He is very busy.就是简单的表达，但若说：He is as busy as a bee.就属于较高级表

25、达了。再如：“我告诉过你多次 了”, 一般表达为:I?ve told you many times.但若可表达为：ve told you a hundred times.表面上看似乎用词太具体了， 其实a hundred times使用的是“夸张”的修辞手法，表达不 俗。三、注意得体性并非句子越长越好。句子结构的复杂与长短也应视具体情况 具体对待，并非越长越好，该长则长，该短则短。为增加句 子的长度而随意增加成分或细节，有时会造成不必要的“赘 言”，结果适得其反，影响表达。请看下面几个句子：(1) He didn t have enough experience, which is the r

26、eason why he didn t do the work well.(2)The captain was a tall, thin man with a big mustache. He was pacing the bridge with a look of importance.(3) It was at 5 o clock in the afternoon that the car accident took place. Five o clock was the rush hour of the day s traffic.(4) He wants to make a tour

27、of the People s Square. It was a fine, open space in the center of the city.以上这些句子虽然都比较复杂，使用了复合句，并列句等， 但是完全可以简化：如下：(1) He didn t do the work well for lack of experience.(2) The captain, a tall, thin man with a big mustache, was pacing the bridge with a look of importance.(3)lt was at 5 o clock in th

28、e afternoon, the rush hour of the day s traffic, that the car accident took place.(4) He wants to make a tour of the People s Square, a fine, open space in the center of the city.因此，在写作中，我们应注意适时适量使用“较复杂结构或较iWj级词汇”，不要刻意追求“复杂”而忽视了“准确”和 “得体”，而应在有把握的前提下适时运用。如能运用好， 定能为自己的文章“锦上添花力赢得阅卷老师的好评！1.表示原因1) There

29、are three reasons for this.2) The reasons for this are as follows.3) The reason for this is obvious.4) The reason for this is not far to seek5) The reason for this is that.6) We have good reason to believe that.例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly, pe

30、ople s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly, most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。 如：Great changes have taken place in our life.There are three reasons for

31、 this.这样写可以避免套用中的表 达失误。2.表示好处1) It has the following advantages.2) It does us a lot of good.3) It benefits us quite a lot.4) It is beneficial to us.5) It is of great benefit to us.例如：Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better , and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.

32、Therefore, reading extensively is of great benefit to us. 3.表示坏处1) It has more disadvantages than advantages.2) It does us much harm.3) It is harmful to us.例如：However, everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too muc

33、h time watching television.4) 表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能1) It is important (necessary, difficult, convenient, possible) for sb. to do sth.2) We think it necessary to do sth.3) It plays an important role in our life.例如：Computers are now being used everywhere, whether in the government, in schools or in busines

34、s. Soon, computers will be found in every home, too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.5.表示措施1) We should take some effective measures.2)We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficultie

35、s.3) We should do our utmost in doing sth.4) We should solve the problems that we are confronted (faced) with.例如:The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious. Thereforewe must takesome effective measures to solve it.6 .表示变化1) Some changes have taken place in the

36、past five years-2) A great change will certainly be produced in the world s communications.3) The computer has brought about many changes in education. 例如：Some changes have taken place in people s diet in the past five years. The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek. Nowadays, more an

37、d morepeople are switching from grain to meat for protein, and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.7 .表示事实、现状1) We cannot ignore the fact that.2) No one can deny the fact that.3) There is no denying the fact that.4) This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.5) However, that s

38、 not the case.例如： We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution. To solve these problems, we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.8 .表

39、示比较1) Compared with A, B.2) I prefer to read rather than watch TV.3) There is a striking contrast between them.例如：Compared with cars, bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable. Firstly, they do not consume natural resources of petroleum. Secondly, they do not cause the pollution prob

40、lem. Last but not least, they contribute to people s health by giving them due physical exercise.9 .表示数量1) It has increased (decreased) from. to.2) The population in this city has now increased (decreased) to 800, 000.3) The output of July in this factory increased by 15 % compared with that of Janu

41、ary.例如：With the improvement of the living standard, the proportion of people s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.再如：From the graph listed above, it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in

42、1990 to 20 hours in 2000.10 .表示看法more and more increasing/growing hardlymerelybarely well-known outstanding large miraculous/marvelous although albeit/notwithstanding in factactually/virtually wantintend to/tend to/be inclined to because in that may be probably to sum to summarize/in conclusion expl

43、ain interpret/illustrate1) People have (take, adopt, assume) different attitudes towards sth.2) People have different opinions on this problem.3) People take different views of (on) the question.4) Some people believe that. Others argue that.例如：People have different attitudes towards failure. Some b

44、elieve that failure leads to success. Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor. However, others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers.再如：Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck? Different people h

45、ave different views on it.注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作 方法。11 .表示结论1) In short, it can be said that2) It may be briefly summed up as follows.3) From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that 例如：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion thatexamination is

46、necessary, however, its method should be improved.注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文 章结论段的第一句。12 .套语1) It s well known to us that2) As is known to us.3) This is a topic that is being widely talked about.4) From the graph (table, chart) listed above, it can be seen that5) As a proverb says, Where there is a

47、will, there is a way. 例如:As is well known to us, it is important for the students to know the world outside campus. The reason for this is obvious. Nowadays, the society is changing and developing rapidly, and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower . As college students, we must get in touch with t

48、he world outside the campus. Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.再如：Does it pay to be honest? This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it.Culture文化篇A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom