2022年仁爱英语八年级上册期末复习知识点归纳及练习 .pdf
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1、仁爱英语 2019-2020 学年八年级上册期末知识归纳Unit1 Playing Sports Topic1 Im going to play basketball.1. 常见的感官动词有:see, watch, hear, notice, smell等。后可接 动词ing形式,表此动作正在发生。如:“ 看见某人正在做某事” see sb. doing sth 动词原形,不表此动作正在发生, 表此动作已完成或存在的事实。如:看见某人做了某事”see sb.do sth.2. hope后可加hope to do sth. hope + that从句3. win 过去式为 won, winner
2、胜利者 . 4. Would you like + to do? 表建议或邀请。常用 I d love to 或I d be glad to来回答,不同意也常用 “I d love to, but ” 来拒绝别人。5. cheer sb on (以欢呼 )激励某人,为某人加油,向某人欢呼后接 名词,放在 cheer on的中间和后面都可以;人称代词,则必须放在中间。关掉灯 turn off the light/turn the light off 关掉它turn it off 6. prefer 意为 “ 更喜欢 ” ,其后可接名词、动名词或动词不定式。如:(1)prefer A to B 相
3、比 A更喜欢 B (2)prefer doing A to doing B 相比做 A更喜欢做 B (3)prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做 A而不愿做 B 7. 与how构成的疑问词有:How tall( 身高)多高; how high( 山)多高;how heavy多重;how long 多长;How wide 多宽;how deep 多深;how old 多大 . (how + adj.)How often 多经常how long 多久8. play for 为某个队效力;play against 与某个队比赛;play with 玩某物 /与某人玩9
4、. once a week, 一周一次twice a week一周两次精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - - three times a week 一周三次four times a week 一周四次三次或三次以上用“ 数字 +times ”扩展:对 once a week提问,要用 how often提问10. exercise “ 体操、练习 ” ,可数名词。如: do morning exercises; do English e
5、xercises “ 锻炼,运动 ” ,不可数名词。如: do exercise “ 锻炼,运动 ” ,动词。如: She exercises every morning. 11. be good at = do well in擅长于 如: I am good at English.= I do well in English. be good for 对有好处,Running is good for your health. 反义词为: be bad at= do badly in 不擅长 . be bad for 对 有害12. make/keep sb./sth. + adj 使某人 /
6、某物怎么样make sb./sth. + do sth. 使某人 /某物做某事13. leave + 地点“ 离开某地 ” leave for + 地点“ 动身前往某地”leave + 地点 + for + 地点“ 离开某地去某地”14. (1) join 加入 +(人群,组织)He joined in the game. (2) take part in = join in = be in 参加 +(活动,比赛)I ll be in the relay race. We ll join the army.15. grow up 长大成人。如:when I grow up, I want to
7、 work in Shenzhen. (2) grow 过去式为 grew,做 “ 生长 ” 讲时为不及物动词,做“ 种植 ” 讲时为及物动词。16. (1) spend some time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间 /金钱做某事spend还可用于 “ spend some time/money on sth.” 在某事上花费时间/金钱。如:I spend an hour in practicing English every day. ?扩展: take, cost和pay也可指花费,但用法不同。 take的主语一般 it 固定句型 It takes sb. so
8、me time to do sth. 表示 “ 做某事花费某人多少时间” 。如: It takes me an hour to do my homework every day. cost的主语必须是 “ 物” 。固定句型 sth. cost(s) sb. some money 结构中。如:如: The book cost me 30 yuan last week. pay的主语是人,固定句型 pay. for。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 25 页 - - - - - -
9、- - - - 如; He paid 5 yuan for this pen. 17. 表到达的有:arrive at + ( 小地名 ); arrive in +(大地名) get to + 宾语 reach + 宾语。Topic 2 We should learn teamwork. 1. one of + 可数名词复数+ 谓单,译为 “ . 之一”2.Would you mind (not) doing sth. 你介意 (别)做某事吗?(礼貌地请求某人做或别做某事)Would you mind my smoking here? (I) (常用物主代词my, her, his, our
10、等)PS:(不介意 ) 肯定回答: Not at all . / Of course not. / Certainly not. ( 介意 ) 否定回答: Sorry, I wont. /Yes, please don t. / You d better not. 3. keep的用法 : keep (sb) doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 keep + adj保持怎么样4. something, anything, nothing 等都是不定代词,当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词或特殊疑问词的时候,修饰词要放在这些被修饰词的后面。something important 重要的事情; A
11、nything else? 还有别的吗?Nothing serious 不严重5. be sorry for 表为 道歉,后面接名词、代词、从句或动名词。be sorry to do sth. 抱歉去做某事。6. be sure的用法 be sure to do sth. 确信要做某事(表将来)It s sure to rain. 肯定要下雨。 be sure +(that)从句, We are sure that we will win next time. have fun (in) doing sth 做某事有乐趣7. It is + 形容词 (for sb.) + to do sth.
12、 意为 “ (对某人而言)做 是 样的 ” 8. a large number of 大量的许多 , 后接谓语动词复数形式the number of . 的数量,后接谓语动词单数形式9. lost为lose的过去式 lose失去; lose ones life丧命 lose输掉 lose in the game输掉比赛lose迷失; lose ones way迷路;lose oneself in.迷失于 10. finish (doing) sth. 完成(做)某事精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - -
13、 -第 3 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - - 11. (1) through 介词,意为 “ 通过,穿过 ” ,指从物体的中间通过、穿过across 介词,意为 “ 通过,穿过 ” ,指从物体的表面通过、穿过Topic3 The school sports meet is coming. 1. 合成形容词:(1)s 八百米竞赛800 metersrace 三分钟的路程three minuteswalk (2)连字符 “ -” 男子八百米竞赛800-meter race 三分钟的路程three-minute walk2. be in + 活动,表 “ 参加某活动,相当于
14、take part in 和 join in 3. exciting adj. 意为“ 令人激动的,令人兴奋的” ,与其搭配的常是某物。excited adj. 意为 “ 感到激动的,感到兴奋的” ,与其搭配的主语通常是人。(类似的词还有interesting 和interested, tired 和 tiring 等 ) 4. It s one s first time to do sth. 是某人第一次做 如: It s her first time to cook dinner. 5. have lots of fun. 此处 fun 为不可数名词,译为“ 乐趣” 形容词为 funny
15、玩得很愉快have a good time enjoy oneself have fun doing sth. 做某事有趣6. 约定在 .几点make it + 时刻 (注意没有 at) make 定,约定。7. can/be able to区别can 用在现在时和过去时be able to 用于各种时态can和be able to不能连用Unit2 topic 1 1. well 的用法(1)look well. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 25 页 - - - - -
16、- - - - - look在这里译作 “ 看起来 ” ,作连系动词,后接形容词。(2)sleep well . well 通常来说是副词,但是当表示身体好坏时,是形容词。2. Whats wrong with you?=Whats the matter/trouble with you?3. suggest/advise suggest doing advise to do suggestion 可数名词 advice不可数名词advise动词4. enough 修饰名词enough+名词修饰形容词/副词 形容词/副词+enough+名词“ 形前名后 ”5. 表建议或劝告had better
17、 (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事should (not) do sth. (不)应该做某事6. medicine/pil take medicine 吃/服药(片) medicine不可数have/take pills 吃/服药(片) pill 可数7. too much + 不可数名词,表“ 太多”too many+可数名词复数much too + 形容词,表“ 太”candy为不可数名词,做糖的种类时就可数了。8. 想要做某事feel like doing sth. would like to do sth 9. lie的用法lie 躺layie 撒谎lied精品资料 - -
18、 - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - - laylied. 10. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事help with sth. 帮助某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事with the help of = with one s help 在 的帮助下ask sb. for help = turn to sb. 向某人寻求帮助11. leave (1) leave作为 n. 时,意为 “ 休假” 请两周假ask
19、 for two weeks leave = ask for a two-week leave 请假(2) leave作为 v. 时,意为 “ 离开;留下 ” 。leave for 动身去某地leave a message 留言take a message 捎口信= give sb. a message Topic2 I must ask him to give up smoking.1. worry用法. v. worry about 担心 e.g. Dont worry about me. I am fine. adj. worried 担心的 , be worried about 担心
20、e.g. He was worried about the test. 2. watch主要用于观看电视节目、球赛、游戏和话剧,强调动作see 与watch都可以用于观看比赛、电视节目、演出、电影等,但see 强调结果read 主要用于读书、看报look 强调动作,不及物动词常与at搭配使用3. Staying up late_(be) bad for your health. 此处动名词短语在句中作主语,谓语动词用单数。4. put into 把 丢进put away 收拾put up 粘贴,悬挂;举起put on 穿上,上映put off 推迟5. give up + doing sth.
21、 放弃做某事精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - - give up sth. 放弃某东西give up 接人称代词时放在两词中间I don t like history, so I want to give it up.6. It s necessary for sth. 对 来说是很有必要的It s + necessary + (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说 )做某事有必要It s + adj. + (for
22、sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说 )做某事是怎么样的7. Be careful not to eat too much salt or sugar. 否定句中常用 or代替 and表示和的意思【拓展】意为 “ 否则,不然 ” ,用于警告或忠告8. as soon as 意为 “ 一就” 可用(主将从现)We will go back to school as soon as the summer holiday is over. 9. But his mother made him taste it. make sb./sth. + adj 使某人 /某物怎么样make sb./s
23、th. + do sth. 使某人 /某物做某事10 . suprise用法【拓展】surprise 动词,意为 “ 使吃惊 ”be surprised to do sth. be surprised at sth. surprise 名词,意为 “ 惊讶 ”11. such as/for example Lunch: rice with a lot of meat such as chicken. beef, etc. such as 后接名词或短语He knows many languages such as Chinese,English,Russian and French. for
24、example 后接句子He is a good boy for example he often helps his mother with the housework. Topic3 Must we exercise to prevent the flu? 12. as.as possible 尽可能 尽可能快as soon as possible 尽可能早as early as possible13. prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事,此处from 可省略。stop/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事,此处from不
25、可省略。14. afraid 形容词,害怕的,担心的,恐怕精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - - 害怕做某事be afraid to do sth. be afraid of doing sth. 15. 让: make/getmake/get sb/sth doing sth “ 让某人 /某物一直做 get sb to do sth “ 使某人做某事”get + adj. “ 变得 ”16. instead of 是介词短语,后接名
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