原版英语RAZ 教案Kenya.pdf

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1、www.readinga-Compare and Contrast:How are flamingos and ostriches alike?How are they different?Give examples from the text.Evaluate:Why are Kenyas animal parks and reserves important to both animals and people?Discussion QuestionsVisit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.LEVELED BOOK

2、YLEVELED BOOK YWritten by Jada CisseKenyaA Reading AZ Level Y Leveled BookWord Count:1,493Kenyawww.readinga-KenyaCountries Around the World Level Y Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Jada CisseAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,back cover:John Warburton-Lee Photography/Alamy;

3、title page:Andy Hooper/Associated Newspapers/REX/Shutterstock;page 3:Piotr Kowalik/Alamy;page 5:Ariadne Van Zandbergen/Alamy;pages 6,9(right):AfriP 7(top main):Jim DeLillo/Alamy;page 7(top inset):Nimon Thong-uthai/D;page 7(bottom);Paulette Sinclair/Alamy;page 9(left):Piotr Gatlik/iStock/Thinkstock;p

4、age 9(center):Images of Africa Photobank/Alamy;page 10(main):nyiragongo/iStock/Thinkstock;page 10(inset):Heritage Image Partnership Ltd/Alamy;page 11:Angelo Cavalli/Robert Harding World Imagery/Corbis;page 12:Tom Brakefield/Corbis;page 14:Julio Etchart/Alamy;page 15(main):Comstock Images/Stockbyte/T

5、hinkstock;page 15(inset):ilbusca/iStock/ThinkstockFront and back cover:A Kenyan looks out over the Great Rift Valley.Title page:Kenyas David Rudisha broke the world record for the fastest 800-meter run in the 2012 Olympics.Page 3:Lions roam the savannas of Kenya,preying mainly on wildebeests,zebras,

6、and antelopes.Written by Jada CisseKenyaCorrelationLEVEL YT4040Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRA34Table of ContentsWhere Is It?4People 6Land 8History 10Animals 11Conclusion 14Glossary 16Where Is It?Kenya is a country on the continent of Africa that is surrounded by five other countries Ethiopia lie

7、s to the north of Kenya,and Tanzania(tan-zuh-NEE-uh)lies to the south West of Kenya is Uganda,while South Sudan borders Kenya to the northwest To the east is Somalia The southeastern coast of Kenya is on the Indian Ocean The equator runs through Kenya,which means that Kenya does not have seasons mar

8、ked by changes in temperature Instead,the amount and duration of rainfall marks the changing seasons Temperatures do vary,however,with the mountains being cooler than lower places KenyaEUROPEAFRICAASIASomaliaEthiopiaSouth SudanUgandaTanzaniaKenyaNairobiLake VictoriaINDIAN OCEANMombasaLake TurkanaKen

9、ya Level Y56The capital city of Kenya is Nairobi(neye-ROH-bee),which originated as a railway station during the construction of Kenyas rail system Today,more than three million people live there The city is the industrial center of the country,with factories that make clothing and furniture along wi

10、th bread,cornmeal,and other processed foods Because of Nairobis location near East African farmlands,crops used as raw materials do not have to travel far to food processing factories Nairobi is one of a few capital cities in the world with a wildlife park in its backyard Nairobi National Park,a lar

11、ge game reserve,lies just 8 kilometers(5 mi)from the city Visitors can see lions,giraffes,and various reptiles and birds One hotel near Nairobi provides a unique experience At Giraffe Manor,guests can eat breakfast and dinner with Rothschilds giraffes The hotel sits on a large sanctuary for this rar

12、e species of giraffe The animals actually stick their heads through the windows!PeopleMore than forty-five million people live in Kenya It ranks thirty-first in population among the worlds nations and includes more than thirty ethnic groups,or tribes Almost all Kenyans have African ancestors and spe

13、ak the language of their tribe in addition to at least one of the national languages,English and Swahili(swah-HEE-lee)English is the language of government,higher education,and large business corporations,while Swahili is the language of primary schools and many smaller businesses A small number of

14、Kenyans have ancestors from Europe,Asia,or the Middle EastMany Kenyans enjoy watching and playing football,which is also called soccer Kenyan runners are renowned for competing in international races and winning gold medals in the Olympic Games Bao,a popular game played with a wooden board that has

15、small cups for holding seeds or stones,is played by young and old alikeThe Maasai(muh-SY)people,who traditionally have been herders,are one Kenyan tribe.Giraffes at Giraffe Manor often visit in the mornings and evenings.Kenya Level Y78About seventy-five percent of Kenyans live in the countryside,whe

16、re most farm to earn a living They grow food to feed their families,along with crops to sell such as tea,coffee,corn,sweet potatoes,and wheat They also grow flowers,many of which are used to make a natural insecticide Another important Kenyan crop is sisal,a type of plant with strong fibers used to

17、make ropes and mats Tourism is another big source of income for the country,with over a million people visiting Kenya every yearLandThe western part of Kenya contains highlands that are divided by the Great Rift Valley,a 6,437 kilometer(4,000 mi)crack in Earths crust about 50 to 130 kilometers(3080

18、mi)wide The floor of the valley contains lakes,volcanoes,and deserts The walls are cliffs called escarpments,which rise up to 2,700 meters(9,000 ft)above the floor The highlands are one of two areas that receive enough rain for farming,so most of Kenyas people live there Mount Kenya,in the highlands

19、,is the highest mountain in the country KangasCotton is an important crop in Kenya that is used to make clothing such as kangas.Women wear these large,colorful pieces of cloth as shawls,head scarves,and skirts.A woman might also use a kanga to carry her child.Many kangas have a proverb or saying on

20、them,such as this one:“He who digs a well gets himself inside.”Sisal plants(main)are crushed and dried to make fibers(inset),which are then woven together.Kenyas LandformsNairobiTaita HillsMerti PlateauMount KulaiMount KenyaYata PlateauChalbi DesertNyiri DesertLoita HillsMombasaLake VictoriaGreat Ri

21、ft ValleyChyulu RangeMount ElgonMount KilimanjaroINDIAN OCEANKenyaLake TurkanaKenya Level Y910Kenyas coastal lowlands also receive enough rain for farming Coconut and cashew crops thrive in this area of the country White sand beaches and mangrove forests line the coast Kenyas deserts,found mostly in

22、 the north,are not as large as the Sahara and other African deserts A few nomadic tribes,who mainly herd sheep and goats,live in these arid areas At the western edge of these deserts is Lake Turkana,where fossils of the earliest humans have been discovered Lake Turkana,which used to be named Lake Ru

23、dolf,is the largest desert lake in the world Kenya is famous for its savanna,where large herds of wildebeests,zebras,gazelles,and other animals graze Grasses on the savanna grow as tall as 15 meters(5 ft),and thorny,flat-topped acacia(uh-KAY-shuh)trees dot the landscape Kenyas grasslands are found i

24、n the areas west and east of the highlandsHistoryKenya has evidence of some of the earliest humans They had little interaction with the world at large until the first century ad,when people from the Middle East and Asia established trade in East Africa For hundreds of years,people on Kenyas coast tr

25、aded slaves as well as ivory and other things People from Europe arrived in Kenya in the late 1400s,and Kenya officially became a colony of the British Empire in 1920The British angered Kenyans when they gave much of the native land to white people from Great Britain and South Africa Many Kenyans be

26、gan fighting for independence in 1952 By 1963,the country gained its freedom from British ruleFor a few decades,the president of Kenya had a great deal of power,and the government had only one political party Many Kenyans wanted to see an end to this inequality In 2010,a new constitution was passed

27、that gave the president less power and the people more power Ivory comes from elephants and hippos.Many countries today ban the sale of ivory.Lake Turkanadesertsavannaivory cupKenya Level Y1112AnimalsKenya is famous for its wildlife,some of which is very rare To protect its animals,Kenya has set asi

28、de more than fifty parks and animal reserves Every year,millions of tourists go on safari to see animals such as rhinoceroses,lions,leopards,hippos,and elephants Kenya has two kinds of elephants The forest elephant lives in the highland rainforests,while the savanna elephant lives in many environmen

29、ts,including deserts Kenya also has two kinds of rhinocerosesthe white rhino and the black rhinoeven though both are actually gray Rhinos do not see well,but they have keen senses of smell and hearing Even though they weigh about 3,600 kilograms(8,000 lbs)on average,they can run as fast as 45 kilome

30、ters(28 mi)per hourZebras,gazelles,and other grazing animals fill the Kenyan savanna One of the most amazing sights in all of Africa is the annual migration of wildebeests and zebras Every year,about 15 million wildebeests and 300,000 zebras migrate over 1,600 kilometers(1,000 mi)from the Serengeti(

31、ser-en-GEH-tee)Plain to Kenyas savanna to find food and water Its a difficult trip,and every year about 250,000 wildebeests die in the process Along the way,predators such as lions,leopards,cheetahs,hyenas,and wild dogs follow the herds One of the most spectacular events is the migratory crossing of

32、 the Mara River Rivers such as the Mara are also home to hippopotamuses Hippos may look serene and innocent as they move along in the water,but they actually cause more human deaths in Africa than lions These aggressive,territorial animals stay in the water most of the time,but at night they emerge

33、to feed on grass and other plants Sometimes they eat crops,which causes conflict between the hippos and people On a safari,tourists usually travel in guided vans to search for animals to see and photograph.Hippos huge teeth make them very dangerous.Kenya Level Y1314Other places in Kenya have many an

34、imals,too Thousands,sometimes millions,of greater and lesser flamingos gather on Lake Nakuru in the Great Rift Valley These wading birds stick their heads into the water to feed on small plants and animals Flamingos spend most of their time in the water,but another African bird lives only on land Th

35、e ostrich is the largest bird in the world,and it lays the largest eggs as well One egg can weigh 135 kilograms(3 lbs)To protect itself from predators,an ostrich may hide by stretching out on the ground It may also run away,reaching speeds of up to 70 kilometers(43 mi)per hour If all else fails,the

36、ostrich can deliver powerful kicks to defend itself Kenya has several large,dangerous predators,and two that are most harmful to humans are actually very small The tsetse(TSEE-tsee)fly and the mosquito infest about one-third of the country These insects carry the diseases of malaria and sleeping sic

37、kness Sleeping sickness gets its name from one of its symptoms:people with the disease become very sleepy When a tsetse fly or mosquito bites a person,the insect transmits a very small organism that causes disease Both malaria and sleeping sickness make people very ill ConclusionKenya may be famous

38、for its safaris and savanna,yet the country has much more to offer The cliffs of the Great Rift tower over a valley filled with life,and many of its animal species cannot be found anywhere else Kenyas capital city is the center of industry for the whole country,exporting goods to places all over the

39、 world Kenya is one of the worlds most spectacular nations,filled with an abundance of natural beauty and a multitude of fascinating culturesNairobi has many government buildings and museums as well as several universities.Kenya Level Y1516KenyaGlossaryacacia(n.)a tree with small yellow or white flo

40、wers that grows in warm climates(p 9)equator(n.)an imaginary line that circles the Earth halfway between the North and South Poles(p 4)escarpments(n.)steep slopes or cliffs that separate two areas of land(p 8)ivory(n.)a white material that makes up the tusks of elephants or other tusked animals(p 10

41、)mangrove(n.)a tropical tree that grows in swamps or shallow salt water and grows roots from its branches(p 9)migration(n.)a regular,predictable movement of living things from one location to another(p 12)nomadic(adj.)moving from place to place without a permanent home(p 9)reserve(n.)a place where w

42、ild plants and animals are protected(p 5)safari(n.)a journey to search for wild animals(p 11)sanctuary(n.)a safe place(p 5)savanna(n.)a flat grassland with few trees(p 9)sisal(n.)a plant grown for its leaves,which produce strong fibers used in making ropes(p 7)Population:45,010,056Land:569,140 sq km(219,746 sq.mi.)Capital City:NairobiPrimary Languages:Swahili,EnglishPrimary Religion:ChristianityCurrency:Kenyan shillingSource:Central Intelligence Agency(July 2014),World BankKenya Level Y