原版英语RAZ 教案O22-All About Chocolate (3).pdf

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1、www.readinga-All About ChocolateAll About ChocolateA Reading AZ Level O Leveled BookWord Count:678ORUVisit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.By Robert CharlesLEVELED BOOK OWritten by Robert CharlesAll About ChocolateAll About ChocolateLevel O Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Rober

2、t CharlesIllustrated by Cende HillAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,back cover,title page,pages 3,4(top left,top right,bottom right),13,16:ArtToday;page 4(center,bottom left):Artville;page 6:Wolfgang Kaehler/Corbis;page 7:L.Hobbs/PhotoLink/Getty Images;page 8:Winfield Parks/

3、National Geographic Stock;page 9:Foodcollection/Getty Images;page 10:Owen Franken/Corbis:page 11:Stephanie Colasanti/Corbis;page 12:Edward Rozzo/Corbis;page 18:Brand X Pictures;page 19:iS JohnsonSpecial thanks to Nadia Larsen of Choc-alot in Tucson,Arizona.www.readinga-CorrelationLEVEL OM2028Fountas

4、&PinnellReading RecoveryDRA34Table of ContentsIntroduction.4Where Chocolate Comes From .5Preparing the Beans .8From Beans to Chocolate .12Chocolate Today .17Try This!.18Conclusion .19Glossary .20Index .20IntroductionPeople around the world love chocolate.They love it so much that every year they eat

5、 more chocolate than any other sweet.If you have ever wondered where chocolate comes from and how its made,then read on.All About Chocolate Level O34Table of ContentsIntroduction.4Where Chocolate Comes From .5Preparing the Beans .8From Beans to Chocolate .12Chocolate Today .17Try This!.18Conclusion

6、.19Glossary .20Index .20IntroductionPeople around the world love chocolate.They love it so much that every year they eat more chocolate than any other sweet.If you have ever wondered where chocolate comes from and how its made,then read on.All About Chocolate Level O56Where Chocolate Comes FromChoco

7、late actually grows on trees.But you cant just pick a chunk of chocolate from a tree branch and eat it.The chocolate growing on trees looks,tastes,and smells nothing like the chocolate you eat.The tree that gives us chocolate is the cacao(kah-KOW)tree.Chocolate comes from beans that are found in lar

8、ge pods on the tree.Cacao trees grow where it is hot and wet.Mostly,they grow near the equator.It takes four to five years before a cacao tree begins to grow pods.Today,most cacao trees are grown on farms called plantations.Cacao trees have lots of small white or yellow flowers.Some of the flowers c

9、hange into pods,but most do not.Cacao trees grow in the wild,as well as on plantations.The shaded areas of the map show where cacao trees grow close to the equator,where it is hot.AsiaAustraliaAfricaS.AmericaN.AmericaEquatorEuropeAll About Chocolate Level O56Where Chocolate Comes FromChocolate actua

10、lly grows on trees.But you cant just pick a chunk of chocolate from a tree branch and eat it.The chocolate growing on trees looks,tastes,and smells nothing like the chocolate you eat.The tree that gives us chocolate is the cacao(kah-KOW)tree.Chocolate comes from beans that are found in large pods on

11、 the tree.Cacao trees grow where it is hot and wet.Mostly,they grow near the equator.It takes four to five years before a cacao tree begins to grow pods.Today,most cacao trees are grown on farms called plantations.Cacao trees have lots of small white or yellow flowers.Some of the flowers change into

12、 pods,but most do not.Cacao trees grow in the wild,as well as on plantations.The shaded areas of the map show where cacao trees grow close to the equator,where it is hot.AsiaAustraliaAfricaS.AmericaN.AmericaEquatorEuropeAll About Chocolate Level O78The pods are shaped like little footballs.Workers t

13、rim the branches to get the most pods from the trees.The pods change from green to a golden or reddish color as they ripen.Preparing the BeansTaking ripe pods from the cacao trees is the first step in making chocolate.Inside each pod are 20 to 50 beans.The cacao beans are the trees seeds.It takes a

14、lot of beans and a lot of work to make chocolate.The pods are first gathered and then cut open with a large blade.A harvester cracks open cacao pods to get at the seeds.These pods contain the beans that will be used to make chocolate.All About Chocolate Level O78The pods are shaped like little footb

15、alls.Workers trim the branches to get the most pods from the trees.The pods change from green to a golden or reddish color as they ripen.Preparing the BeansTaking ripe pods from the cacao trees is the first step in making chocolate.Inside each pod are 20 to 50 beans.The cacao beans are the trees see

16、ds.It takes a lot of beans and a lot of work to make chocolate.The pods are first gathered and then cut open with a large blade.A harvester cracks open cacao pods to get at the seeds.These pods contain the beans that will be used to make chocolate.All About Chocolate Level O910The beans are then sco

17、oped out of the open pod.The beans are cream colored and covered with a soft pulp.These beans are still very different from the chocolate you know.The pulp-covered beans are put into piles or boxes and covered.They begin to change from a cream color to a purple color after contact with the air.The b

18、eans also change on the inside in a process called fermentation.A worker spreads the cacao beans so they can dry and then begin the fermentation process.This is what the inside of a cacao tree pod looks like.All About Chocolate Level O910The beans are then scooped out of the open pod.The beans are c

19、ream colored and covered with a soft pulp.These beans are still very different from the chocolate you know.The pulp-covered beans are put into piles or boxes and covered.They begin to change from a cream color to a purple color after contact with the air.The beans also change on the inside in a proc

20、ess called fermentation.A worker spreads the cacao beans so they can dry and then begin the fermentation process.This is what the inside of a cacao tree pod looks like.All About Chocolate Level O1112After the beans have fermented,they are dried.As they dry,the beans are turned.Once the beans are dry

21、,they are placed in large cloth bags and shipped to makers of chocolate.From Beans to ChocolateMaking chocolate from the fermented,dried beans is a complicated process.First,the beans need to be cleaned.Then,chocolate makers blend different kinds of beans together.This is to make sure the chocolate

22、has just the right flavor.The beans are roasted in order to bring out the chocolate flavor.This is when the beans begin to smell like chocolate.As the beans are roasted,the thin shell that covers them grows brittle.The beans pass through a machine that cracks their shells and blows away the pieces o

23、f shell with fans.Workers spread cacao beans to dry in the sun.Beans roast in giant drums at a candy factory.All About Chocolate Level O1112After the beans have fermented,they are dried.As they dry,the beans are turned.Once the beans are dry,they are placed in large cloth bags and shipped to makers

24、of chocolate.From Beans to ChocolateMaking chocolate from the fermented,dried beans is a complicated process.First,the beans need to be cleaned.Then,chocolate makers blend different kinds of beans together.This is to make sure the chocolate has just the right flavor.The beans are roasted in order to

25、 bring out the chocolate flavor.This is when the beans begin to smell like chocolate.As the beans are roasted,the thin shell that covers them grows brittle.The beans pass through a machine that cracks their shells and blows away the pieces of shell with fans.Workers spread cacao beans to dry in the

26、sun.Beans roast in giant drums at a candy factory.All About Chocolate Level O1314After the shells are removed,only the meaty part of the bean,called the nib,remains.The nibs are ground up and crushed until they become a liquid.The liquid is poured into molds where it cools into bars of bitter,unswee

27、tened chocolate.The bars are then pressed until a yellow liquid,called cocoa butter,is removed.The cocoa butter drains through a screen and is collected to make the chocolate we eat.After the liquid cocoa butter is removed,the solid part of the bar is ground into a powder.Cocoa powder is sent to dai

28、ries and bakeries to flavor baked goods and dairy products.The chocolate we eat is made in the final step of mixing.The mixing takes place in machines with big rollers.Sugar,cocoa powder,cocoa butter,and other ingredients are rolled and mixed until smooth.The smooth mixture is poured into molds and

29、cooled.After it has cooled and solidified,the chocolate is wrapped in packages for shipping.1.Roasting2.Shelling3.GrindingPackaged for shippingAll About Chocolate Level O1314After the shells are removed,only the meaty part of the bean,called the nib,remains.The nibs are ground up and crushed until t

30、hey become a liquid.The liquid is poured into molds where it cools into bars of bitter,unsweetened chocolate.The bars are then pressed until a yellow liquid,called cocoa butter,is removed.The cocoa butter drains through a screen and is collected to make the chocolate we eat.After the liquid cocoa bu

31、tter is removed,the solid part of the bar is ground into a powder.Cocoa powder is sent to dairies and bakeries to flavor baked goods and dairy products.The chocolate we eat is made in the final step of mixing.The mixing takes place in machines with big rollers.Sugar,cocoa powder,cocoa butter,and oth

32、er ingredients are rolled and mixed until smooth.The smooth mixture is poured into molds and cooled.After it has cooled and solidified,the chocolate is wrapped in packages for shipping.1.Roasting2.Shelling3.GrindingPackaged for shippingAll About Chocolate Level O1516People in Mexico and Central Amer

33、ica first use chocolate.Christopher Columbus brings cacao beans back to Europe.First chocolate shop opens in London,England.First chocolate bar is sold.A man in Switzerland makes and sells the first milk chocolate.World consumes over 3,000,000 metric tons of cacao beans.History of Chocolate200716571

34、847187520015024.Mixing5.Smoothing6.Pouring7.Cooling8.WrappingAll About Chocolate Level O1516People in Mexico and Central America first use chocolate.Christopher Columbus brings cacao beans back to Europe.First chocolate shop opens in London,England.First chocolate bar is sold.A man in Switzerland ma

35、kes and sells the first milk chocolate.World consumes over 3,000,000 metric tons of cacao beans.History of Chocolate200716571847187520015024.Mixing5.Smoothing6.Pouring7.Cooling8.WrappingAll About Chocolate Level O1718Chocolate TodayMost of the chocolate made in factories today is used to make chocol

36、ate candy.Other chocolate goes into ice cream,chocolate drinks,and baked goods such as cakes and doughnuts.Each year people around the world consume,or eat,tons of chocolate.Amount of Chocolate Eaten Per Person Each Year by Country 1 Switzerland 22.4 lbs 10.1 kg 2 Austria 20.1 lbs 9.1 kg 3 Ireland 1

37、9.5 lbs 8.8 kg 4 Germany 18.0 lbs 8.2 kg 5 Norway 17.9 lbs 8.1 kg 6 Denmark 17.7 lbs 8.0 kg 7 United Kingdom 17.5 lbs 7.9 kg 8 Belgium 13.2 lbs 6.0 kg 9 Australia 13.0 lbs 5.9 kg10 Sweden 12.9 lbs 5.8 kg Yummy Chocolate Brownies Make sure you have an adult to help you do with any cutting or handling

38、 of hot foods.1 Gather these ingredients:1 cup butter or margarine 4 squares(1 oz.each)of unsweetened chocolate(also called bakers chocolate)4 eggs 2 cups white sugar 2 teaspoons vanilla extract 1 1/2 cups all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon baking powder pinch of salt 2 Preheat the oven to 350F(180C).Rub

39、grease over a 9x13-inch(15-cup)baking pan.3 Melt the butter in a saucepan over medium heat on the stovetop.After the butter is melted,take it off the heat and stir in the chocolate until it is melted and mixed in.Add the eggs one at a time,stirring thoroughly.Then add the sugar and vanilla,stirring

40、the mixture until smooth.4 In a separate bowl,mix the flour,salt,and baking powder.Gently pour the butter,chocolate,and sugar mix into the flour and stir it until the flour is completely wet.5 Pour the mixture into the baking pan and spread it evenly.6 Bake for 25 to 30 minutes until the brownies be

41、gin to pull away from the sides of the pan.7 Let the brownies cool in the pan before you cut them.Makes 12 brownies.Try This!All About Chocolate Level O1718Chocolate TodayMost of the chocolate made in factories today is used to make chocolate candy.Other chocolate goes into ice cream,chocolate drink

42、s,and baked goods such as cakes and doughnuts.Each year people around the world consume,or eat,tons of chocolate.Amount of Chocolate Eaten Per Person Each Year by Country 1 Switzerland 22.4 lbs 10.1 kg 2 Austria 20.1 lbs 9.1 kg 3 Ireland 19.5 lbs 8.8 kg 4 Germany 18.0 lbs 8.2 kg 5 Norway 17.9 lbs 8.

43、1 kg 6 Denmark 17.7 lbs 8.0 kg 7 United Kingdom 17.5 lbs 7.9 kg 8 Belgium 13.2 lbs 6.0 kg 9 Australia 13.0 lbs 5.9 kg10 Sweden 12.9 lbs 5.8 kg Yummy Chocolate Brownies Make sure you have an adult to help you do with any cutting or handling of hot foods.1 Gather these ingredients:1 cup butter or marg

44、arine 4 squares(1 oz.each)of unsweetened chocolate(also called bakers chocolate)4 eggs 2 cups white sugar 2 teaspoons vanilla extract 1 1/2 cups all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon baking powder pinch of salt 2 Preheat the oven to 350F(180C).Rub grease over a 9x13-inch(15-cup)baking pan.3 Melt the butter i

45、n a saucepan over medium heat on the stovetop.After the butter is melted,take it off the heat and stir in the chocolate until it is melted and mixed in.Add the eggs one at a time,stirring thoroughly.Then add the sugar and vanilla,stirring the mixture until smooth.4 In a separate bowl,mix the flour,s

46、alt,and baking powder.Gently pour the butter,chocolate,and sugar mix into the flour and stir it until the flour is completely wet.5 Pour the mixture into the baking pan and spread it evenly.6 Bake for 25 to 30 minutes until the brownies begin to pull away from the sides of the pan.7 Let the brownies

47、 cool in the pan before you cut them.Makes 12 brownies.Try This!All About Chocolate Level O1920ConclusionIt took a long time for chocolate to become popular throughout the world.Today,people everywhere eat lots of chocolate,making it the worlds most popular sweet.Glossarycacao (n.)the tree from whic

48、h we get chocolate(p.5)consume (v.)eat or buy(p.17)fermentation (n.)a natural changing process that occurs in many foods and plants(p.10)ingredients (n.)the different food items that go into a dish or recipe(p.14)plantations (n.)large farms with many workers (p.6)Indexcacao,5fermentation,10plantatio

49、ns,6pulp,9The next time you eat chocolate,think about how it was made.All About Chocolate Level O1920ConclusionIt took a long time for chocolate to become popular throughout the world.Today,people everywhere eat lots of chocolate,making it the worlds most popular sweet.Glossarycacao (n.)the tree fro

50、m which we get chocolate(p.5)consume (v.)eat or buy(p.17)fermentation (n.)a natural changing process that occurs in many foods and plants(p.10)ingredients (n.)the different food items that go into a dish or recipe(p.14)plantations (n.)large farms with many workers (p.6)Indexcacao,5fermentation,10pla