原版英语RAZ 教案(R) Inventions_DS.pdf

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1、www.readinga-Written by Ned JensenLEVELED BOOK RInventionsInventionsA Reading AZ Level R Leveled BookWord Count:1,184Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.InventionsLevel R Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Ned JensenAll rights reserved.www.readinga-CorrelationLEVEL RN3030Fountas

2、&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAPhoto Credits:Front cover,title page(all),pages 3,4,7(all),8(bottom),10,12(all),13(light bulb),16,18:Jupiterimages Corporation;back cover,page 11:courtesy of National Archives and Records Administration;page 5(all):courtesy of United States Patent and Trademark Office;page

3、 6:courtesy of Library of Congress,Prints&Photographs Division LC-DIG-prok-02297;page 8(top):courtesy of Library of Congress,Prints&Photographs Division LC-DIG-ggbain-02174;page 9:courtesy of NASA,Kennedy Center Media Archive Collection;page 13(telephone):Sheila Terry/Photo Researchers,Inc.;page 13(

4、airplane):courtesy of Library of Congress,Prints&Photographs Division,LC-USZ62-107026;pages 13(automobile,color television,microwave),15:Bettman/Corbis;page 13(refrigerator):Hemera Technologies/Jupiterimages Corporation;page 13(television):Lawrence Manning/Corbis;pages 13(computer),17(top left):Fred

5、erick News-Post/AP Images;page 14:University of Manchester/AP Images;page 17(bottom left):courtesy of the Computer History Museum;page 17(top right):Learning AZ;page 17(center right):Julie Stupsker/AP Images;page 17(bottom right):STOCKFOLIO/Alamy Images;page 19:Salvatore Di Nolfi/Keystone/AP ImagesW

6、ritten by Ned Jensenwww.readinga-InventionsInventions Level R1920ConclusionYou.might.think.that.all.the.good.things.have.been.invented.and.that.there.is.little.left.to.invent.But.that.is.not.true.There.is.always.a.need.to.make.things.better.With.each.new.invention,.creation,.and.exploration,.another

7、.is.sure.to.follow.Maybe.you.will.be.the.person.who.will.invent.the.next.product.to.make.life.easier.or.more.exciting.for.us.all!Glossarydigital(adj.).relating.to.storing.informationas.numbers.(p.15)engine(n.).a.machine.that.uses.energy.to.create.movement.(p.7)integrated.tiny.electronic.parts.that.m

8、ake.circuits(n.)puter.work.(p.16)invention(n.).a.new.device.or.process.(p.4)inventors(n.).creators.of.a.new.device.or.process.(p.18)micro.tiny.chips.that.contain.many.processors(n.).integrated.circuits.(p.16)patent(n.).legal.rights.to.an.invention.(p.11)process(n.).a.series.of.actions.(p.4)products(

9、n.).items.or.objects.(p.10)programmed(v.)puter.code.(p.14)software(n.).computer.programs.(p.16)transistor(n.).a.small.device.that.controls.the.flow.of.electricity.in.electronic.items.(p.16)Indexautomobile,.7,.13Benz,.Karl,.8carts,.6,.7computers,.1417Edison,.Thomas,.11,.18exploration,.9,.10,.19engine

10、s.gasoline,.7.jet,.8.rocket,.8An inventor demonstrates a new device for picking up Ping-Pong balls.Internet,.17lightbulb,.11patent,.11processes,.4.transistor,.16,.17wheel,.6,.8Wright.Brothers,.8Zuse,.Konrad,.14InventionsLevel R Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Ned JensenAll rights reserved.www.rea

11、dinga-CorrelationLEVEL RN3030Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAPhoto Credits:Front cover,title page(all),pages 3,4,7(all),8(bottom),10,12(all),13(light bulb),16,18:Jupiterimages Corporation;back cover,page 11:courtesy of National Archives and Records Administration;page 5(all):courtesy of United Sta

12、tes Patent and Trademark Office;page 6:courtesy of Library of Congress,Prints&Photographs Division LC-DIG-prok-02297;page 8(top):courtesy of Library of Congress,Prints&Photographs Division LC-DIG-ggbain-02174;page 9:courtesy of NASA,Kennedy Center Media Archive Collection;page 13(telephone):Sheila T

13、erry/Photo Researchers,Inc.;page 13(airplane):courtesy of Library of Congress,Prints&Photographs Division,LC-USZ62-107026;pages 13(automobile,color television,microwave),15:Bettman/Corbis;page 13(refrigerator):Hemera Technologies/Jupiterimages Corporation;page 13(television):Lawrence Manning/Corbis;

14、pages 13(computer),17(top left):Frederick News-Post/AP Images;page 14:University of Manchester/AP Images;page 17(bottom left):courtesy of the Computer History Museum;page 17(top right):Learning AZ;page 17(center right):Julie Stupsker/AP Images;page 17(bottom right):STOCKFOLIO/Alamy Images;page 19:Sa

15、lvatore Di Nolfi/Keystone/AP ImagesWritten by Ned Jensenwww.readinga-InventionsInventions Level R1920ConclusionYou.might.think.that.all.the.good.things.have.been.invented.and.that.there.is.little.left.to.invent.But.that.is.not.true.There.is.always.a.need.to.make.things.better.With.each.new.invention

16、,.creation,.and.exploration,.another.is.sure.to.follow.Maybe.you.will.be.the.person.who.will.invent.the.next.product.to.make.life.easier.or.more.exciting.for.us.all!Glossarydigital(adj.).relating.to.storing.informationas.numbers.(p.15)engine(n.).a.machine.that.uses.energy.to.create.movement.(p.7)int

17、egrated.tiny.electronic.parts.that.make.circuits(n.)puter.work.(p.16)invention(n.).a.new.device.or.process.(p.4)inventors(n.).creators.of.a.new.device.or.process.(p.18)micro.tiny.chips.that.contain.many.processors(n.).integrated.circuits.(p.16)patent(n.).legal.rights.to.an.invention.(p.11)process(n.

18、).a.series.of.actions.(p.4)products(n.).items.or.objects.(p.10)programmed(v.)puter.code.(p.14)software(n.).computer.programs.(p.16)transistor(n.).a.small.device.that.controls.the.flow.of.electricity.in.electronic.items.(p.16)Indexautomobile,.7,.13Benz,.Karl,.8carts,.6,.7computers,.1417Edison,.Thomas

19、,.11,.18exploration,.9,.10,.19engines.gasoline,.7.jet,.8.rocket,.8An inventor demonstrates a new device for picking up Ping-Pong balls.Internet,.17lightbulb,.11patent,.11processes,.4.transistor,.16,.17wheel,.6,.8Wright.Brothers,.8Zuse,.Konrad,.14Inventions Level R1718Computers.paved.the.way.for.the.

20、Internet,municating.Webpages,.electronic.mail,.and.high-speed.Internet.connections.soon.followed.Tmunicating.with.people.all.over.the.world.easy.Wputers.do.in.the.future?.What.will.be.invented.then?.Invention,Discovery,or Creation?Have.you.ever.wondered.how.an.invention.is.different.from.a.discovery

21、.or.a.creation?.Discoveries.are.made.when.people.first.learn.about.things.that.already.exist.For.example,.explorers.are.people.who.discover.new.lands.Creators.are.artists,.composers,.and.writers.They.make.works.of.art,.music,.and.stories.Vincent.Van.Gogh.was.an.artist.who.created.fantastic.paintings

22、.Bposer.who.created.beautiful.symphonies.William.Shakespeare.was.a.writer.who.created.great.plays.Inventors.use.existing.knowledge.to.create.new.devices.or.processes.They.make.things.that.they.think.make.life.better.or.work.easier.Thomas.Edison.used.what.scientists.already.knew.about.electricity.to.

23、invent.the.lightbulb.He.went.on.to.invent.many.more.things,.such.as.the.first.movie.projector.Computer Timeline194019451950195519601965197019751942worlds first electronic computer1947transistor invented1962first computer game,called Space Wars1964first computer mouse1971 email1970 workstationVan Gog

24、hs self-portrait1975 InternetInventions Level R34Table of ContentsIntroduction.4Inventions.Follow.Inventions.6Need.Is.the.Mother.of.Invention.9Famous.Inventions.12Computers:.Then.and.Now.14Invention,.Discovery,.or.Creation.18Conclusion.19Glossary.20Index.20Introduction When.you.think.of.an.invention

25、,es.to.mind?.Is.it.something.wacky.or.something.useful?.Every.day,e.up.with.new.inventions.These.inventions.often.give.us.a.better.way.to.do.something.Most.inventions.make.life.easier.or.more.enjoyable.An.invention.isnt.always.a.thing.An.invention.can.also.be.a.process.Examples.of.processes.are.ways

26、.of.making.certain.metals.or.glass,.or.even.kinds.of.cheese.This shows a nine-step process common for making cheese.Inventions Level R34Table of ContentsIntroduction.4Inventions.Follow.Inventions.6Need.Is.the.Mother.of.Invention.9Famous.Inventions.12Computers:.Then.and.Now.14Invention,.Discovery,.or

27、.Creation.18Conclusion.19Glossary.20Index.20Introduction When.you.think.of.an.invention,es.to.mind?.Is.it.something.wacky.or.something.useful?.Every.day,e.up.with.new.inventions.These.inventions.often.give.us.a.better.way.to.do.something.Most.inventions.make.life.easier.or.more.enjoyable.An.inventio

28、n.isnt.always.a.thing.An.invention.can.also.be.a.process.Examples.of.processes.are.ways.of.making.certain.metals.or.glass,.or.even.kinds.of.cheese.This shows a nine-step process common for making cheese.Inventions Level R1718Computers.paved.the.way.for.the.Internet,municating.Webpages,.electronic.ma

29、il,.and.high-speed.Internet.connections.soon.followed.Tmunicating.with.people.all.over.the.world.easy.Wputers.do.in.the.future?.What.will.be.invented.then?.Invention,Discovery,or Creation?Have.you.ever.wondered.how.an.invention.is.different.from.a.discovery.or.a.creation?.Discoveries.are.made.when.p

30、eople.first.learn.about.things.that.already.exist.For.example,.explorers.are.people.who.discover.new.lands.Creators.are.artists,.composers,.and.writers.They.make.works.of.art,.music,.and.stories.Vincent.Van.Gogh.was.an.artist.who.created.fantastic.paintings.Bposer.who.created.beautiful.symphonies.Wi

31、lliam.Shakespeare.was.a.writer.who.created.great.plays.Inventors.use.existing.knowledge.to.create.new.devices.or.processes.They.make.things.that.they.think.make.life.better.or.work.easier.Thomas.Edison.used.what.scientists.already.knew.about.electricity.to.invent.the.lightbulb.He.went.on.to.invent.m

32、any.more.things,.such.as.the.first.movie.projector.Computer Timeline194019451950195519601965197019751942worlds first electronic computer1947transistor invented1962first computer game,called Space Wars1964first computer mouse1971 email1970 workstationVan Goghs self-portrait1975 InternetInventions Lev

33、el R1516Later,.two.professors.from.Iowa.State.University.in.the.United.Sputer.Iputer.It.was.the.size.of.a.desk.It.had.more.than.300.glass.tubes.and.used.one.mile.of.wire.It.weighed.700.pounds.That.is.140.bags.of.flour!In.1944,puter.It.was.55.feet.long.and.8.feet.high.It.filled.a.giant.room.and.weigh

34、ed.5.tons,.or.about.as.much.as.one.elephant.It.used.lots.of.energy.and.needed.a.way.to.help.keep.it.cool.In.1947,.the.transistor.was.invented.Tputers.would.no.longer.need.hundreds.of.large.glass.tubes,puters.could.be.built.The.invention.of.integrated circuits.then.took.the.jobs.of.many.electronic.pa

35、rts.and.put.them.into.one.part.Then.microprocessors.were.invented,.which.took.lots.and.lots.of.integrated.circuits.and.put.them.into.one.microchip.Tputers.we.use.today.Bputers.still.needed.other.inventions.Pputer.do.different.things.Also,.people.wanted.thinner.screens.and.mice.that.were.easier.to.us

36、e.Eputer.Harvard IBM MARK IA computer,a mouse,and software allow this boy to draw using a laptop.Inventions Level R56Not.every.invention.is.useful.Over.the.years.there.have.been.many.weird.inventions.All.of.these.inventions.were.made.to.fulfill.a.need.or.a.want.But.many.of.these.weird.inventions.eit

37、her.didnt.work,.or.caused.more.trouble.than.good.This vest allows a person to show off a pet,such as a hamster.This pogo stick used a gas engine to make it hop.This trumpet can shoot gas flames when played.Weird InventionsThese are actual patent drawings of weird inventions.Inventions Follow Inventi

38、onsOne.invention.often.leads.to.another.invention.For.an.example,.lets.look.at.the.wheel.Long.ago,.the.only.way.people.could.get.from.place.to.place.was.to.walk.It.could.take.days.to.walk.long.distances.Then,.someone.invented.the.wheel.Next,.people.started.putting.wheels.on.logs.and.boards.These.sim

39、ple.carts.made.it.easier.to.carry.goods.and.people.over.long.distances.Then.people.started.using.horses,.oxen,.or.mules.to.pull.the.carts.Riding.on.carts.was.less.work.than.walking.and.made.it.easier.for.travel.Inventions Level R56Not.every.invention.is.useful.Over.the.years.there.have.been.many.wei

40、rd.inventions.All.of.these.inventions.were.made.to.fulfill.a.need.or.a.want.But.many.of.these.weird.inventions.either.didnt.work,.or.caused.more.trouble.than.good.This vest allows a person to show off a pet,such as a hamster.This pogo stick used a gas engine to make it hop.This trumpet can shoot gas

41、 flames when played.Weird InventionsThese are actual patent drawings of weird inventions.Inventions Follow InventionsOne.invention.often.leads.to.another.invention.For.an.example,.lets.look.at.the.wheel.Long.ago,.the.only.way.people.could.get.from.place.to.place.was.to.walk.It.could.take.days.to.wal

42、k.long.distances.Then,.someone.invented.the.wheel.Next,.people.started.putting.wheels.on.logs.and.boards.These.simple.carts.made.it.easier.to.carry.goods.and.people.over.long.distances.Then.people.started.using.horses,.oxen,.or.mules.to.pull.the.carts.Riding.on.carts.was.less.work.than.walking.and.m

43、ade.it.easier.for.travel.Inventions Level R1516Later,.two.professors.from.Iowa.State.University.in.the.United.Sputer.Iputer.It.was.the.size.of.a.desk.It.had.more.than.300.glass.tubes.and.used.one.mile.of.wire.It.weighed.700.pounds.That.is.140.bags.of.flour!In.1944,puter.It.was.55.feet.long.and.8.fee

44、t.high.It.filled.a.giant.room.and.weighed.5.tons,.or.about.as.much.as.one.elephant.It.used.lots.of.energy.and.needed.a.way.to.help.keep.it.cool.In.1947,.the.transistor.was.invented.Tputers.would.no.longer.need.hundreds.of.large.glass.tubes,puters.could.be.built.The.invention.of.integrated circuits.t

45、hen.took.the.jobs.of.many.electronic.parts.and.put.them.into.one.part.Then.microprocessors.were.invented,.which.took.lots.and.lots.of.integrated.circuits.and.put.them.into.one.microchip.Tputers.we.use.today.Bputers.still.needed.other.inventions.Pputer.do.different.things.Also,.people.wanted.thinner.

46、screens.and.mice.that.were.easier.to.use.Eputer.Harvard IBM MARK IA computer,a mouse,and software allow this boy to draw using a laptop.Inventions Level R1314Computers:Then and Now Of.all.the.inventions.of.the.last.fifty.years,puter.Tputer.is.a.machine.that.has.many.parts.Mputer.what.it.is.today.Man

47、y.historians.think.that.a.German.named.Konrad.Zputer.In.1941,puter.It.could.be.programmed.It.was.used.to.do.difficult.math.problems.Most Famous Inventions18701880189019001910192019301940195019601970TelephoneLightbulbAutomobileAirplaneRefrigeratorTelevisionColor TelevisionComputerMicrowave ovenDo You

48、 Know?One of the first megacomputers could do one math operation every 15 seconds.Modern computers can do 150,000,000,000 operations in 15 seconds!This early computer was jokingly named“Baby.”Inventions Level R78In.the.1800s,.the.gasoline.engine.was.invented.The.engine.could.be.placed.on.carts.and.u

49、sed.to.power.them.Mules,.horses,.and.oxen.were.not.needed.as.much.Engines.have.led.to.the.invention.of.many.other.things.that.help.move.people.and.goods.from.place.to.place.Some.of.these.inventions.are.steamboats,.cars,.trains,.and.airplanes.These.inventions.helped.people.and.goods.cross.whole.conti

50、nents.in.just.a.few.days.Think About ItThe car has changed the lives of people around the world.It has led to many other inventions.How many things can you think of that were invented because of the car?Here are just a few to get you started.How many more can you add to the list?Traffic lights Gas p