原版英语RAZ 教案(S) India.pdf

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1、www.readinga-Evaluate:How does Indias large population affect its environment and people?Analyze:Why is the monsoon season important to Indias environment and people?Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.LEVELED BOOK SLEVELED BOOK SWritten by Jackson KitchellIndiaA Reading AZ Leve

2、l S Leveled BookWord Count:995IndiaDiscussion Questionswww.readinga-IndiaCountries Around the World Level S Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Jackson KitchellAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,back cover:JeremyRichards/iStock Editorial/Thinkstock;title page:Alexey Makushin/i

3、Stock/Thinkstock;page 3:JaysonPhotography/iStock/Thinkstock;page 5(top):JeremyRichards/iStock Editorial/Thinkstock;page 5(bottom):Viacheslav Belyaev/D;page 6:Meinzahn/iStock Editorial/Thinkstock;page 7:imageBROKER/Alamy;page 9:Dgcampillo/D;page 10(top):Hemant Mehta/Thinkstock;page 10(bottom):Intelli

4、studies/iStock/Thinkstock;page 11:Dinodia Photos/Alamy;page 12(main):Federico Donatini/D;page 12(inset):intek1/iStock/Thinkstock;page 13:James Shearing/D;page 14:JeremyRichards/iStock Editorial/Thinkstock;page 15(main):robynmac/iStock/Thinkstock;page 15(inset):asafta/iStock/ThinkstockFront and back

5、cover:Elephants are used in India for many parades and festivals such as the Elephant Festival in Jaipur(JEYE-poor).Title page:Many people think the Taj Mahal,built in the 1600s,is one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.Page 3:The male Indian peacock spreads his colorful feathers to attrac

6、t a mate.Written by Jackson KitchellIndiaCorrelationLEVEL SO3434Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRA34Table of ContentsWhere Is It?4People 6Land 8Celebrations 10History 11Animals 12Conclusion 14Glossary 16Where Is It?India is a country in Asia that is mainly a peninsula Along the northern edge of Indi

7、a are the countries of Pakistan,China,Nepal,and Bhutan To the east are Bangladesh and Myanmar,or Burma Just south of India is the island of Sri Lanka To the southwest of India is the Arabian Sea To the southeast is the Bay of Bengal India also includes some groups of islandsIndiaASIAPakistanChinaNep

8、alSri LankaBhutanAfghanistanBay of BengalARABIAN SEAIndiaMyanmar(Burma)BangladeshNew DelhiNicobarAndamanMumbaiIndia Level S56The capital of India is New Delhi(DEL-ee),which is part of the larger city of Delhi The two areas are very different Delhi is a very old city,but New Delhi was built in the 19

9、20s and 1930s Delhi is a complex maze of small streets crowded with small shops,while New Delhi has wide streets and modern shopping centers More than twenty million people live in Delhi and New Delhi combinedPeopleMore than one billion people live in India Only China has more people Most Indian peo

10、ple live in the countryside,even though India does have some large cities Most homes in the rural areas dont have running water,so people must go to a well and bring home water every day About half of the people in rural areas dont have electricity,eitherHalf of the people in India make their living

11、 growing crops,mainly grains They also raise cattle,water buffalo,and other animals However,Indian people do not raise cattle to eat,because most Indians belong to the Hindu religion For Hindus,cows are sacred They use cattle for plowing their fields and for transportation,and they raise sheep,goats

12、,and chickens for meatNew Delhi was built nearly one hundred years ago inside the older city of Delhi to be the capital of British India.New DelhiDelhiThe Taj MahalThe Taj Mahal is one of the most well-known landmarks in India.It was built by the emperor Shah Jahan as a loving tribute to his wife Mu

13、mtaz Mahal after she died.It took workers twenty-two years to complete all of the buildings that make up the Taj Mahal.India Level S78Most Indian cities are extremely crowded Many people live in apartment buildings along very narrow streets Because India has such a large population,it has been hard

14、for the countrys electricity supply to keep up with the demand In some Indian cities,its very common for the power to go outMovies are a very popular form of entertainment in India The center of the film business is Mumbai,which used to be known as Bombay Mumbai releases more than a thousand films p

15、er year and is often called Bollywood LandThe Himalayas form Indias northern border They are the highest mountains in the world and cut off India from the rest of Asia This is why India is sometimes called a subcontinentA low-lying plain stretches across northern India This rich land was formed long

16、 ago as rivers flooded and left soil behind The Thar Desert is in western India Bollywood is a combination of the words Bombay and Hollywood.Its films are known around the world for elaborate sets,singing,and dancing.Indias LandformsNew DelhiMount EverestIndus RiverWestern Ghats Mtns.Eastern Ghats M

17、tns.Deccan PlateauThar DesertSundarbanChota Nagpur PlateauIndiaGanges RiverHimalayan Mtns.Indo-Gangetic PlainIndia Level S910The Ganges and Indus rivers lie in the northern plains of India For Hindus,the Ganges is a sacred river Hindus from all over India travel to the river to enter its waters Sout

18、h of the Indus and Ganges rivers lies raised land that takes up more than half of India and includes low hills as well as the coastIn May or June every year,rain-bearing winds blow northward from the Indian Ocean,bringing the monsoon season During this season,rain falls almost every day in the after

19、noon Most of Indias rain falls during this hot,wet seasonCelebrationsPeople in India celebrate many special days Diwali(dih-WAH-lee)is a festival that lasts for five days During this time,people light small candles They shoot firecrackers and give sweets and other gifts to friends and familyHoli(HOH

20、-lee)is a spring Hindu celebration known as the festival of colors During Holi,people celebrate the end of winter They throw colored water and powder,such as one called kumkum,on each other Children enjoy using water guns filled with colored water to spray colors on their friends People also sing,da

21、nce,and enjoy special foods and drinks The Ganges River is sacred to Hindus,who often bathe in its waters.Diwali is a festival of lights that honors the Hindu goddess of wealth.During Holi,many children also throw water balloons filled with colored water at each other.India Level S1112HistoryIndias

22、civilization is very old About 2,300 years ago,people living in the land now known as India had been united under one ruler About 1,300 years ago Muslims invaded India and set up a kingdom with Delhi at its center Muslim rule lasted until the 1600s Europeans had arrived in India as early as 1498 Tha

23、ts when Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama sailed to India By 1858,Great Britain had taken control of the countryIn the 1920s,a lawyer named Mohandas Gandhi began asking his fellow Indians to resist British rulebut not with fists or weapons He asked them to protest British rule in nonviolent,or peace

24、ful,ways By 1947,India was free Since that time,India has faced wars,poverty,and the strain of a growing population,but it continues to develop In 2007,it elected its first woman to serve as presidentAnimalsIndias wildlife includes many exciting species India is the only country in the world with bo

25、th lions and tigers It is also the home of two kinds of leopards The snow leopard of the Himalayas is very rareOne of Indias most famous reptiles is the cobra The Indian cobra hunts small animals,such as rats and mice It has been known to bite humans because its prey often lives in towns and village

26、s Gandhi is honored as a hero by people from all over the world.(Main)Monkeys are a common sight in cities such as Delhi because people regularly feed them.(Inset)The cobra spreads its hood when it is alarmed.India Level S1314The Indian elephant is very strong People once used it to lift logs in Ind

27、ias forests and to carry crops and people Some people still use the elephant to help them with their work Today,wild Indian elephants are found in most parts of India,but they are endangered because of the loss of their habitatNear the Bay of Bengal,the mangrove forests provide a special habitat for

28、 sea turtles,sharks,and crocodiles This saltwater swamp is also the largest home of Bengal tigers in the world A male Bengal tiger can grow to 3 meters(10 ft)in length and weigh as much as 230 kilograms(500 lbs)The tigers often swim in the waters of the swamp to catch preyConclusionIndia has a long

29、history and a very large,diverse population Its a country trying to find a balance between caring for its people and maintaining its natural beauty Fascinating animals and interesting people make India a unique country with much to learn aboutThe Bengal tiger is an endangered animal.Scientists are w

30、orking hard to protect it.India is a land of many ancient customs,such as the wearing of a long,colorful cloth called a sari(SAH-ree).India Level S1516IndiaGlossaryendangered(adj.)in danger of dying out completely(p 13)Hindu(adj.)of or relating to the major religion in India that includes many gods

31、and the belief in reincarnation(p 6)mangrove(n.)a tropical tree that grows in swamps or shallow salt water(p 13)monsoon(n.)a seasonal storm that brings heavy rain to an area(p 9)Muslims(n.)people who follow the religion of Islam(p 11)peninsula(n.)a long piece of land almost completely surrounded by

32、water(p 4)poverty(n.)the state of being poor(p 11)sacred(adj.)related to a religious or spiritual purpose(p 6)subcontinent(n.)a large land area that is a part of a continent(p 8)Population:1,236,344,631Land:2,973,193 sq km(1,147,956 sq.mi.)Capital City:New DelhiPrimary Language:HindiPrimary Religion:HinduismCurrency:Rupee(ROO-pee)Source:Central Intelligence Agency(July 2014),World BankIndia Level S