2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案x.docx

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1、2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精 读含答案The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there7 s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came o

2、n a decade later than less sporty women.Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : These findings are exciting because its possible that improving peoples cardiovascular （心 血管）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia.Fo

3、r the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的）cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A to

4、tal of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.These women were then tested for deme

5、ntia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.HHowever, this study does not show cause

6、 and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. H She also admitted that a

7、 relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.7. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?A. Positive effects of doing exercises.B. Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.C. Experimental s

8、tudies on diseases.D. Advantages of sporty woman over man8. Why did the researchers ask the woman to do bicycle exercise?A. To predict their maximum heart rate.B. To assess their cardiovascular capacityC. To change their habits of working outD. To detect their potential health problems9. What do we

9、know about Dr Horders study?A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.B. Data collection was a lengthy process.C. Some participants withdrew from it.D. The results were far from satisfactory.10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent DementiaB. Mi

10、ddle-Aged Women Need to Do More ExerciseC. Fit Women Are Less Ukely to Develop DementiaD. Biking Improves Womens Cardiovascular FitnessAbbcResearchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees （黑猩猩）use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages

11、 to one another with a “vocabulary of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional co

12、mmunication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.Thats what7 s so amazing about chimp gestures,z, she said.“They re the only thing that looks like human language in that re

13、spect/7Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animaT s call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.Chimps

14、will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signalling: Climb on me. The youngster immediately jumps on to its mother7 s back and they travel off together. The big message from this study

15、is that there is another species （物种）out there that is meaningful in its communication, so that s not unique to humans,“ said Dr Hobaiter.Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolutio

16、n of humanlanguage. But, she added, the results were 7/a little disappointing7.“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,“ she said. Moreover, the meaning

17、s seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains/27. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?A. Memorizing specific words.B. Understanding complex information.C. Using voices to communicate.D. Communicating messa

18、ges on purpose.28. What did Dr Shultz think of the study?A. It was well designed but poorly conducted.B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.29. What does the underlined word gulf in t

19、he last paragraph mean?A. Difference.B. Conflict.C. BalanceD. Connection.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthroughB. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skillsC. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdomD. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translatedDBAD