课时02.代词-2023中考英语四轮总复习（版）（教师版）-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx

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1、第二课时代词代词在近年中考试题中出现频率很高，每年至少测试一道题。中考考查重点主要分布在:人称代词的主格和宾格 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词人称代词 物主代词卜 反身代词卜 指示代词卜 不定代词卜 疑问代词F分 类反身代词与习惯搭配 不定代词的用法 it用法及相关句型人称代词、物主代词和反身代词it的用法it, that, one易混辨析no one, nobody, none, nothing的区另both, all, either, any, neither, noneone, another, the other, some, others, the others 的区别0高频考点突

2、破考点1人称代词、物主代词和反身代词人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表人称分G数复数*人称代 词主格Iyouhe, she, *Itweyouthey人称代词宾格meyouhim, her, itusyouthem形容词性物主代词myyourhis, her, itsouryourtheir名词性物 主代词mineyourshis, hers, itsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格。查代词辨析。A.这个;B.那个;C用

3、于代替名词，指代某类明确的人或事物;D.它。三.语法填空An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market.The man rode the donkey and the son walked behind 1. A man saw them and asked the son why 2.wasnt riding the donkey.Then the father let 3.ride it.4.man saw them and told 5. that they should 6. ride the donkey.So 7.

4、both got on it.A woman who saw them said, Tell 8., why are you both riding that poor animal ? 9. looks so weak and tired. 10. are so cruel! Then，the father and the son got off the donkey and started carrying it across a bridge.When they were halfway across the bridge, the donkey struggled loose and

5、fell into the river.【语篇解读】这是一则寓言故事，讲述的是没有主见的父子二人骑驴去赶集的故事。 【答案】1. it指代前面的the donkey。2. he指代前面的the son,在宾语从句中作主语，用主格。3. him 指his son,作let的宾语，用宾格。4. Another泛指“另一个”人。5. them指代 the father 和 his son,作 told 的宾语。6. both作主语they的同位语，指这对父子“两人都”应骑在驴背上。7. they 指代 the father 和 his son,作主语。8. me与后面的you（你）相对，应是me（我

6、）。9. It 指前面的 that poor animalo10. You 由前面的you both可知。(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：在并列主语中，“总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一(人称)。宾格me也一样。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。名词性物主代词可作主语和宾 语。4.反身代词的常用词组teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 过得愉快;玩得高兴help oneself to 随便吃/用come to oneself 苏醒 hurt oneself 受伤 by oneself 独自题组训练 根

7、据句意用所给人称代词的正确形式填空My pencil is broken. Please pass (I) a new one.We all like Mr. Green because (he)is really cool and fun.(3)1 like reading music magazines and I often buy (they)in the bookshop near my house.Ms. Read will give (we) a talk about healthy life this afternoon. Look at the girl over there

8、. (she) is my cousin Sue.【答案】二.题组训练根据句意用所给物主代词的正确形式填空He is a new student here. (his) name is Tony. (our) micro blog is a window for foreigners to understand China.一Whose book is this?一Its Lucys. And the red pen is (her), too.Tomorrow is Linglings birthday.一So is (my).Our school is bigger than (their

9、).答案三.l.Its not safe to leave a baby in a car by (它 自 己).【答案】itself本题考查反身代词。itself它自己。2 .Now, she enjoys (her) when talking with us every day.【答案】herself本题考查反身代词。enjoy oneself过得开心，故填herself。3 .However, every time you exercise, you put (你自己)at the risk of getting hurt, so remember to do it in a right

10、 way.【答案】yourself句意:但是每一次你练习的时候，你都把自己置于受伤的风险中，因此记住 要用正确的方法去做。考查反身代词。yourself你自己。4 .During the party, many activities are organized for kids so that they can enjoy(他们自 己）.【答案】themselves本题考查反身代词。enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快。5 .一Did anyone call me when I was out?一Yes. A man who called Tom.A.myselfB.himselfC.

11、herselfD.yourself【答案】B句意:在我出去的时候,有人给我打电话吗?有。有一个自称汤姆的男人。 本题考查代词词义辨析。题干中Aman提示了是男性，而且是第三人称，因此选择B项。考点2it的用法1.it用作形式主语(l)it作先行词代替不定式、也一ing形式、主语从句，作形式主语。用作形式主语的重要句型It+be+形容词/名词词组/过去分词+主语从句It+be+形容词( + for sb)+ 动词不定式(常用形容词 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise等，修饰说明不定式)It+be+形容词+ofsb+动词不定式(这类形容

12、词是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词，如: kind, nice, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish 等，修饰说明某人)It is hard for him to make up his mind.他很难下定决心。It was foolish of her to say such a thing.她说这样的事，真是太蠢了。2.it用作形式宾语(1+ think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep. + it+胸/.(for70f sb) to do/从句(2) 主 语 +

13、 think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep. + it + important/necessary/natural/essential + that.(should).He didnt make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.他没有弄清楚何时何地举行会议。1 .With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a comfortable new home after only four months. o

14、nly cost $4,700 to build this house.【答案】It句意:他的岳父是一个建筑工，在他的帮助下,他在仅仅四个月后搬进了舒适的新 家。建造这所房了仅仅花费了他4,700美元。本题考查it作形式主语的用法,真正的主语是 to build this houseo考点3it, that, one易混辨析*It意为“它”，替代上文提到的同一事物，不能带任何修饰语that意为“那个“，指代那类人或事物，既可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词，也可以指代 单数可数名词。指代单数可数名词时相当于the one,其复数是those,相当于theoriesone意为“一个指代前面出现过的那

15、类事物中的“一个”，其复数是ones一There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow it?图书馆还有一本这样的书。你去把它借来好吗？一No, rd rather buy one in the bookstor已不，我宁愿到书店里买一本。The climate of Guangzhou is much better than that of Xian.广州的气候比西安的好多 了。l.Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy for

16、his grandma.A.itB.oneC.thisD.that【答案】B句意:Sam发现扫地机器人很好用,他打算给他的奶奶买一个。本题考查代词。 根据句意可知本空指要为奶奶买一个扫地机器人，故本题选择B。考点4no one, nobody, none, nothing 的区别l.no one, nobody表示“没有人，谁也不，只指人，作主语时，后跟动词单数形式，常可用 来回答who引导的问句。一Who can answer the question?谁能回答这个问题？一No one./Nobody.没人。Charles was alone at home, with no one loo

17、king after him.查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。2. none“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。none后可接of短语，常用来回答 how many/much引导的问句。一How many of you have seen the film?你们中有多少人看过这部电影？ 一None（ofus）. 一个也没有。3. nothing意为“没有东西”,一般回答what引导的问句。一Whats in the cave?洞里有什么？一Nothing.没什么。考点5both, alb either, any, neither, none 的区别both（两者）都neither（两

18、者）都不either（两者中） 任何一者all（三者或三者以上）都none（三者或三者以上）都不any（三个或三个以上）任何一 者There are shops on either side of the street.街道的每一边都有一些商店。Because Henry and Mark had to work, neither of them came yesterday.因为Henry和Mark要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。1 .一Can you play volleyball or basketball?- of them. I*m good at ball games.A.BothB.

19、EitherC.NeitherD.None【答案】A 句意:你会打排球或篮球吗?都会。我很擅长球类运动。本题考查代词 词义辨析。both两个都;either两者中任一;neither两者都不;none没有一个。由Im good at ball games.可知选A。2 .一Do you like rock music or light music?. I like Beijing Opera.A.EitherB.NoneC.BothD.Neither【答案】D 句意:你喜欢摇滚乐还是轻音乐?都不喜欢。我喜欢京剧。本题考查代 词词义辨析。either两者中任一;none没有一个;both两者都;

20、neither两者都不。根据题干可知, 回答人并没有在rock music和light music这两者中选择，而是选择了 Beijing Opera,因止匕选择 D项。考点6one, another, the other, some, others, the others 的区别单数one 一个another 另外一个the other两者中的另一个复数some一些others另一些the others剩余的一些Please give me another ten minutes.请再给我十分钟。One was happy but the other was disappointed.一个感

21、到开心，另一个却感到失望。考点7复合不定代词初中阶段常用的复合不定代词列表如下:somebodyanybodynobodyeverybody（某人）（任何人）（没有人）（每个人）someoneanyoneno oneeveryone（某人）（任何人）（没有人）（每个人）somethinganythingnothingeverything（某事）（任何事）（没有东西）（每一件事）如：Do you have anything special to tell me today?Listen to me,boys and girls.I have something to tell you.在反意疑问

22、句中，当句子陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词，如 everybody,nobody,anyone等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词they;当句子陈述部分的主 语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything,anything,something,nothing等时，其反意疑问部分的 主语通常用代词ito如：Everybody is here,arent they?Everything is ready,isnt it?(3)当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时，形容词或else 必须放在这些词的后面。如：Xiaoming,he h

23、as something important to tell you.Can you find anyone else?(4)everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物，还可以和of连 用。如:Id like everyone to be happy.I have kept every one of her letters.题组训练根据句意，选择方框中恰当的不定代词填空anything nobody something somebody everything一Your tea, please.一There must be sweet in it

24、. It tastes good.一Is there new in todays newspaper?Yes. A famous singer will give a concert in our city.There is nobody in the classroom. All the students are in the playground. is ready. Please come to have dinner.Mary, is waiting for you outside.【答案】随堂练习一、填空题l.My dear kids, please care about y whe

25、n you are playing outside.【答案】yourselves句意:我亲爱的孩子们，当你们在外面玩耍的时候，请注意照顾好你们自己。本题考查反身代词。1.1 f everyone plays (they)part in a small way, they can improve their local area and help to save the global environment.【答案】their句意:如果大家都在小事上发挥他们的作用，他们就可以改善他们当地的区 域，帮助拯救全球的环境。本题考查形容词性物主代词。3 .The new machine will sta

26、rt by (它自 己)in a few seconds.【答案】itself句意:新机器在几秒钟后会自行启动。本题考查反身代词。4 .We have only one earth, and we should do (we)best to protect it for a better future.【答案】our句意:我们只有一个地球,为了更加美好的未来，我们应该尽我们的努力去保护 它。本题考查形容词性物主代词。5 .After two years study, they can express t in English now.【答案】themselves句意:经过两年的学习后，他们现在

27、可以用英语表达他们自己的想法了。 本题考查反身代词。express oneself表达某人自己的想法。6 .Sam, this is my room, and y is just across the hall. You cant miss it.【答案】yours句意:Sam,这是我的房间，你的房间刚好穿过大厅。你不会错过的。本题考查 名词性物主代词。设空处含义为“你的房间”，设空处后没有名词，因此要使用名词性物主代词。 yours 相当于 your room。7 . As a matter of fact, the rain (it)doesn,t have sound.【答案】itsel

28、f句意:事实上，雨本身没有声音。本题考查反身代词。8.Some passengers began to talk about . The young man was also interested in the house. 【答案】it句意:一些乘客开始谈论它。那位年轻人也对这所房子感兴趣。本题考查代词。根据关键词also, the house可知应用代词it,指代the houseo9 .The sports meeting is a great success, and e is going fine.【答案】everything句意:这届运动会非常成功，一切都很顺利。本题考查不定代词。

29、此题设 空处指的是运动会上一切活动。10 .He didnt like to share things with (别人).【答案】others句意:他不喜欢和别人分享东西。本题考查不定代词。二、单项选择1 .My classmates make a tradition of our class to send our teachers a birthday card on their birthday.A.oneB.this C.itD.that【答案】C【解析】句意:我的同学们把在老师们生日时送他们生日贺卡作为了我们班级的传统。本题 考查代词。2 .Im so nervous about

30、tomorrows interview. I knowabout it.一Take it easy. You can do it well.A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing【答案】D【解析】句意:我对明天的面试非常紧张。我对此一无所知。别紧张。你会做得好 的。本题考查代词辨析。everything 一切;something某事;anything任何事;nothing没有事情。3 .一Excuse me, Lynn. Could I use your English book for a while?一Sorry, Tve left at ho

31、me. You can ask Sam.A.myB.me C.ID.mine【答案】D【解析】句意:Lynn,打扰一下。我能用一会儿你的英语书吗？对不起，我把我的书落 在家里了。你可以问问Sam。本题考查代词辨析。A.我的（形容词性物主代词）;B.我（宾格）;C. 我（主格）;D.我的（名词性物主代词）。设空处代指my English book,因此使用名词性物主代词。一、填空题1 .Jennifer believes she will move out and live on her own when she is able to support h. 【答案】herself句意:Jenni

32、fer认为当她能够养活她自己的时候，她会搬出去一个人生活。 本题考查反身代词。2 .1 like the song I Believe I Can Fly because it encourages us to believe in o.【答案】。urselves句意:我喜欢我相信我能飞这首歌曲，因为它鼓励我们相信我们自己。 本题考查反身代词。3 .Even the smallest inventions can make a big difference to（we）life.【答案】our句意:甚至最小的发明也会对我们的生活产生重要的影响。本题考查形容词性 物主代词。4 .Although

33、 Huaweis smartphones sold well in Western Europe and China, the market in the US is （又一个）example.【答案】another句意:虽然华为的智能手机在西欧和中国畅销，但是在美国市场上又是另 一个例子。本题考查不定代词。5 .There are other rules and technicalities（技术性细节）involved, but, with time, you would be able to understand （they）.【答案】them 句意：还涉及其他规则和技术性细节，但随着时

34、间的推移，您将能够理解它们。6 .1t was terribly cold and we sat around the fire to keep o warm.【答案】ourselves句意:天气非常寒冷，我们围坐在炉火旁使我们自己保持温暖。本题考 查反身代词。根据前面的主语we,可知设空处用ourselves。7 .一Is that car Mrs Brown9s?Yes,its h. Beautiful, isnt it?【答案】hers句意:那辆车是Brown夫人的吗?是的，是她的车。很漂亮，是不是? 本题考查名词性物主代词。设空处语义应为“她的车”，设空处后没有名词，因此耍使用名词性

35、物主代词herso8 .Lei Feng gave his whole life to helping （另人）.【答案】others句意:雷锋贡献自己的整个一生来帮助别人。本题考查不定代词。根据设 空处的汉语提示可知应使用otherso9 .No matter what happens,we should believe （我们 自 己）and keep doing.【答案】。urselves句意:不论发生什么事，我们应该相信自己，继续做下去。本题考查反身代 I司O10 .Nof my parents liked the movie, but I enjoyed it very much.【

36、答案】Neither句意:我的父母都不喜欢这部电影，但我非常喜欢。由but I enjoyed it very much可知，我的父母是不喜欢这部电影的，因此要使用Neithero二、单项选择l.In this TV program, we will watch several experts argue about one problem and share ideas to find proper solutions.A.itsB.his C.your D.their【答案】D【解析】句意:在这个电视节目里，我们将会看到几个专家对一个问题进行辩论,分享他们的思 想来找到合适的解决办法。本题

37、考查代词。2.一Is this iPad yours?一Yes. My aunt bought for my language learning.A.itB.one C.thatD. another【答案】A【解析】句意:这个iPad是你的吗？ 是的。我的姑姑为了我的语言学习给我买的。 本题考查代词辨析。3.1 will never forget my classmates in my primary school. did a lot of things together.A.IB.ItC.We D.They【答案】C【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记我小学的同学们。我们一起做了很多事情。本题考查代词辨 析。I我;it它;we我们;they他们。设空处指代的是My classmates and I,因此答案是C。4.Would your parents like to have a second child?一Im not sure, but they are encouraged to have a second by the government.A.this B.that C.one D.it【答案】c【解析】句意:你的父母亲想要二胎吗?我不确定,但政府鼓励他们再生一个。本题考