必刷16 阅读理解之说明文(真题)(原卷版)-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题(真题+模拟)(版)-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx

《必刷16 阅读理解之说明文(真题)(原卷版)-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题(真题+模拟)(版)-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《必刷16 阅读理解之说明文(真题)(原卷版)-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题(真题+模拟)(版)-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题（真题+模拟）（通用版）16阅读理解之说明文（真题）1（2021贵州黔西）What is the life in an ecosystem（生态系统）？ You,re in the forest. From your place on the hill, you can see a pond below you and the sun shining above you. A pond is an area of water smaller than lake. A frog sings noisily through your binoculars（双

2、筒望远镜）,you see the cattails （香蒲）shaking in the wind. You close in on the dragonflies（蜻蜓）resting on them.Look at a family of ducks swimming along noisily. The brothers and sisters at the end of the line hurry to keep up. At the other side of the pond, a long-legged bird, heron（苍鹭）waits patently in the

3、 reeds. Reeds are grass-liked plants in wet places. You watch carefully as the heron drops his head down into the water, when it pulls suddenly back up, you see the fish in in mouth. You may not realize it, but you are watching a great system（系统）in action.What is a system?A system is made up of many

4、 parts working together for a purpose（目的）.But scientists divide them into two main parts, they are living and nonliving parts. Every part of system is important, if any part of system is lost, the whole system does not work.Lefs take another look. The ducks and the herons are birds, the frog is an a

5、mphibian, which can live both on land and in water. The dragonflies are insects（昆虫）and the cattails are plants. They are all alive. What nonliving parts can you think of?Air, water sunlight, and land forms are all nonliving parts. All of these parts system are working together.1. What does the write

6、r want us to find in the first paragraph（段落）？A. The sun shining above.B. A frog singing noisily.C. The dragonflies resting on cattails.D. The life in an ecosystem.2. What is a heron?A. A heron is a small bird with short legs.B. A heron is a big bird with long legs.C. A heron is a kind of frogs with

7、four legs.D. A heron i a kind of dragonflies.3. How does a heron make a living according o the passage?A. It makes a living by eating ducks.B. It makes a living by eating frogs.C. It makes a living by eating fish.D. It makes a living by eating dragonflies.4. How many parts can we mainly divide the s

8、ystems into according to scientist?“When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money， one of the local people told reporters. Ifs really creative and encouraging.This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in

9、 Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish sorting rubbish incorrectly.China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried （填埋）in soil o

10、r burned without being sorted. Landfills （填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.Whats more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which

11、could bring economic benefits （经济利 益）.For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850 kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.Japan has a strict and detailed system. When people throw

12、away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper （包装纸）and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins. Every year, families receive special rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. They are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbis

13、h.In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins - the red lid （盖子）bin for general waste“ like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for “recycling“ like steel and glass, and the green lid bin fbr “green waste“ such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with p

14、ictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.43. What will local people probably get if they put daily rubbish into the new system in Fangchengyuan Community?A. A computer. B. A car.C. A lot of money. D. Some small gifts.44. Which of the following is NOT the consequen

15、ce （后果）of burying rubbish?A. Polluting soil.B. Polluting water.C. Taking up a lot of land.D. Saving resources.45. Which paragraph discusses the economic benefits of rubbish sorting?A. Paragraph 3.B.Paragraph 4.C. Paragraph 5.D.Paragraph 6.46. In Australia, which bin should you put food left after di

16、nner in?A. The red lid bin.B.The yellow lidbin.C. The green lid bin.D.The black lid bin.47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. In Australia, the green lid bin is used for all kinds of recyclable （可回U攵的）wastes.B. In Japan, all kinds of things for recycling are printed on rubbish

17、bins.C. Japanese people cannot throw a bottle into a bin unless they move away the wrapper first.D. Australian people have to obey local timetables and directions to throw away rubbish strictly.12（2017辽宁丹东）Stamps （邮票）help people keep in touch with their friends and families. They have played an impo

18、rtant role in peoples lives for centuries now. People have a special day for stamps.October 9 is World Post Day.Before stamps, people did not pay for the letters they sent, but instead they paid for the letters they got. The first stamp ever made is called Penny Black. It is a British stamp made in

19、1840 with a picture of Queen Victoria on it.The earliest stamps didnt have sticky （黏性的）backs. In the past,people used paste（襁糊） sometimes, but usually they had to pin （钉住）or sew （缝）stamps onto letters!Years ago sending letters used to be the most important way to communicate with other people. It se

20、emed that everyone had stamps on hand. Although now fewer people send letters, stamp collecting is still one of the worlds most popular hobbies. There are even stamp clubs to help people find new stamps to add to their collections. Interestingly enough, the Internet may have reduced the need for sta

21、mps, but it is actually helping collectors find more stamps to add to their collections.48. The first stamp was made in.A. BritainB. ChinaC. AmericaD. Indis49. Before stamps, people paid when they the letters.A. sentB. receivedC. wroteD. read50. The earliest stamps didnt have sticky backs, so people

22、.A. used to put the stamps into the envelopes（信封）B. asked the police for helpC. gave the stamps to the postmenD. usually had to pin or sew stamps onto the letters51. Which is NOT true according to the passage?A. Stamps help people keep in touch with friends and families.B. Now everyone has stamps on

23、 hand.C. There was a picture of Queen Victoria on the first stamp.D. Stamp collecting is still one of the most popular hobbies in the world.52he main idea of the passage is about.A. the history of stampsB. the World Post DayC. what the stamps areD. how to send a letter13（2018湖南湘西）On April 26, 2017,

24、a big Chinese ship caught the eyes of the whole world.Chinas first homemade aircraft carrier （航空母舰）hit the water in Dalian, Liaoning.The new big ship is Chinas second aircraft carrier. It was designed in China and built in China, too. It is about 315 meters long and 75 meters wide. That is a bit lar

25、ger than three soccer fields.An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea. It can carry planes and troops to war. Planes fly from and land back on it, and soldiers work and live on it, too. But building an aircraft carrier is very hard and expensive. It costs a lot of money and needs a large am

26、ount of steel and other special materials. For example, a basic aircraft carrier is made of 60,000 tons of steel. It also uses complex （综合的）technologies, including radar, electrics, mechanics and weapons. Finally, it takes years to build.Today, not many countries own an aircraft carrier or have the

27、ability to build one. China has become the seventh country in the world that can build an aircraft carrier by itself, after the USA, Russia, England, France, Italy and Spain.53. When did Chinas first homemade aircraft carrier hit the water?A. On April 26, 2017.B. On May 26, 2017.C. On April 26, 2016

28、.54. Whafs the size of the new Chinese aircraft carrier?A. About 75 meters long and 315 meters wide.B. About 315 meters long and 75 meters wide.C. About 315 meters long and 315 meters wide.55. How many aircraft carriers does China have according to the passage?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.56. What is an a

29、ircraft carrier used for according to the passage?A. Playing basketball and football.B. Carrying planes and troops to war.C. Catching the eyes of the whole world.57. Does Japan have the ability to build an aircraft carrier according to the passage?A. Sorry, I dont know.B. Yes, it does.C. No, it does

30、nt.14（2017江苏淮安）Being trapped in an elevator（电梯）can be one of the worst experiences of ones life. Some people who have such experiences may be afraid to use elevator again. In fact, there are some useful tips to follow when people are in trouble with the elevator.First, take deep breaths and keep cal

31、m. Too much fear will add to your panic（恐慌）and make you too nervous to think clearly. Tell yourself to be patient and believe that nothing is impossible.Secondly, use the emergency（急救）call inside the elevator or your mobile phone to let people outside know your are struck in the elevator. There is a

32、n emergency call on the wall of each elevator. You may use your mobile phone to give light and find it. The phone number can be found around it.Thirdly, putting op messages on Wechat（微信）is also a good idea to allow more people to find you are in need of help. If help hasnt come, knock the door to ge

33、t attention from other people in the building.Fourthly, move less and try to relax. Even if the workers have known your situation, it may take them a long time to repair the elevator and bring you back to safety. Instead of keeping moving all the time, you are advised to keep still and relax yoursel

34、f as much as possible, or you will make yourself tired out. Make sure that you are fine when the door is open.58. According to the passage, when in trouble with an elevator, you should first.A. shout out for helpB. do nothing but waitC. Keep calm and think clearlyD. try to break the door open59. The

35、 underline word stuck“ in the passage means A. tiredB. keptC. trappedD. troubled60. People are advised to send messages on Wechat when trapped in an elevator so that.A. their situations can be known by more people B. they can spend their time easilyC. they can become less nervousD. they can make mor

36、e friends61. If you are trapped in an elevator, you must move less, or.A. you may fall asleep B. you may become very tiredC. you may feel bored D. you may feel lonely62. Whats the purpose of the article?A. To introduce hoe to use an elevator.B. To tell us an elevator often goes wrong.C. To warn us n

37、ot to take an elevator.D. To teach us how to save ourselves when trapped in an elevator.15（2017湖南永州）On Dec. 28, a small satellite（卫星）was launched（发射）into space from Taiyuan, Shanxi. It was big news for students at Beijing Bayi School. After all, they designed the satellite.With the help of space sci

38、entists, more than 30 students built this satellite （12 cm long, 11 cm wide and 27 cm tall）. This is the first satellite designed and built by middle school students in China.This August, the school worked with the China Center for Aerospace Science and Technology International Communications（CCASTC

39、中国航天科技国际交流中心）and started the satellite program. It allowed space experts to teach students about basic knowledge of satellites.After several months of hard work, students designed their own satellite. Their main achievement was the design of the satellites functions （功能）in space. We worked together

40、and came up with more than 10 ideas. But after tests and experiments, we settled on fburj Zhu Xun, 16, told Beijing Evening News.Indeed, they have to consider the weight of the satellite. The satellite will stay in space more than 180 days. Its functions include taking pictures of Earth, radio commu

41、nication and sending information to Earth. The students hope that the satellite can take photos of smog, typhoons（台风） and other weather conditions.The students were divided into five groups. The group members worked closely to make satellite models. Every time we think the satellite we are designing

42、 will fly into space, we are so excited and try to do experiments,said Shen Shulang, 17. They also visited the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other organizations to get inspiration（灵感）.63. designed the small satellite.A. Students from Beijing Bayi SchoolB. Some space scientistsC. Some space experts

43、64. The satellite can NOT.A. take pictures of Earth B. send informationC. predict the weather65. The underlined words settled on means in Chinese.A.计算B.确定C总计66. helped the students build the small satellite.A. The schoolB. Space scientistsC. CCASTIC67. Whats the main idea of this passage?A. The firs

44、t student-designed satellite was launched into space.B. Space experts taught the students about the basic knowledge of satellites.C. Students visited some science organizations to get inspiration.A. Two parts.B. Three parts.C. Four parts.D. Many parts.5. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The duc

45、ks and the heron are birds They are living parts.B. The cattails are plants. They are nonliving parts.C. The dragonflies are insects. They are living parts.D. Air, water and sunlight are nonliving parts.2（2021 ill东淄博）Ask people what they know about the Dead Sea and most will tell you that its imposs

46、ible to sink （下沉）when you are swimming in it. But not everyone knows why. Kids News researched the Dead Sea and found some interesting facts.The Dead Sea is an inland lake 50 kilometers long by 15 kilometers wide in the Middle East between the west bank and Jordan. The Jordan River is the main sourc

47、e of the Dead Sea water. It is about 430 meters below sea level, the lowest point on the surface of the Earth. The water level has been dropping even lower for the past 60 or so years. It drops about 1 meter each year.Ifs a popular place for people to have a holiday, partly because ifs in the desert

48、, which means lots of hot, sunny days.Its called the Dead Sea because it is full of salt. The Dead Sea water is perhaps 10 times as salty as open ocean seawater and nothing much can live in it. Exactly how sally it is changes through the depth （深度）of the lake and with how much water is flowing in （流入）from the Jordan River and how much water is evaporating （蒸发）.The water of the Dead Sea is full of salt, which makes it much denser （密度更大）and heavier than freshwater. If you swim in it, you float （漂浮）very easily.6. Which of the followin