考点15 初中语态基本考点-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点帮（上海专用）（解析版）-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx

《考点15 初中语态基本考点-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点帮（上海专用）（解析版）-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考点15 初中语态基本考点-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点帮（上海专用）（解析版）-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx（21页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、考点15初中语态基本考点|日命题趋势动词的语态是表示句子主语与谓语动词之间关系的一种动词形式。英语 中的动词语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示的主语是动作的 执行者或发出者，被动语态表示的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是中考中 的必考内容之一，其中考查的重点是一般现在时、一般过去时和含有情态动 词的被动语态。g重点考向考向一：被动语态的构成被动语态的基本结构：be+动词的过去分词各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构如下表（以动词do为例）时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/doesam/is/are +done一般过去时didwas/were +done现在进行时am/is/are +doi

2、ngam/is/are +being done现在完成时have/has +donehave/has +been done一般将来时will/shall/be going to +dowill/shall/be going to +be done过去进行时Was/were +doingwas/were-F being done过去完成时had + donehad + been done过去将来时would/should/be going to+ dowould/should/be going to +be done含有情态动词can/may/must +docan/may/must+be do

3、ne课堂练习：根据要求改写句子1. The headmaster praised Ben for his honesty.（改为被动语态）Ben for his honesty the headmaster.2. The firemen are using long ladders for rescuing people in tall buildings.（改为被动语态）Long ladders for rescuing people in tall buildings by the firemen.3. Mother will buy Jack a new shirt.（改为被动语态）A

4、new shirt Jack by Mother.4. You had better take the wounded soldiers to hospital at once.（改为被动语态）The wounded soldiers had better to hospital at once.5. The adults tell the children not to swim in that deep river.（改为被动语态）The children not to swim in that deep river.6. Can some aged Chinese understand

5、Russian?（改为被动语态）故选c。在模型检测21. （2022上海市曹杨中学附属学校模拟预测）Great progressin studying thenew medicine for cancer （癌症）recently.A. will be madeB. is madeC. has been madeD. was made22. （2021 上海松江二模）Two wide roads in that small mountain village in thepast two years.A. were builtB. are builtC. have been built D. h

6、ad been built23. （2021 上海嘉定二模）The students into six groups for group discussion justnow.A. dividedB. have divided C. have been divided D. were divided24. （2021上海普陀二模）Next week about six new dishes by the cools in ourrestaurant.A. was created B. is createdC. has been create D. will be created25. （202

7、1 上海金 ill 二模）Finland the happiest country in the world the last fouryears.A. has namedB. has been named C. namedD. was named26. （2022上海模拟预测）The English exam two parts,objective item（客观题）and subjective item （主观题）.Please complete each part carefully.A. divides into; includesB. divided into; includingC

8、. is divided into; includedD. is divided into; including27. （2022上海模拟预测）一Can I go into the meeting room now?一Of course, if you.A. inviteB. are inviting C. were invited D. will be invited28. （2022上海模拟预测）The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today he still by people of all ages.A. is;

9、 lovedB. was; lovedC. will; be loved D. will; love29. （2022上海模拟预测）Now Chinese couples to have three children to reducethe pressure of an aging population.A. encourageB. encouraged C. are encouraged D. wereencouraged30. （2022上海模拟预测）3%a内g（霹雳舞），more of an art form than a sport,in the Paris Olympic Game

10、s!A. will seeB. is seenC. sawD. will be seen31. （2022上海模拟预测）The rubbish from the grass, and then the campsite wasclean again.A. removedB. is removed C. was removed D. be removed32. （2022上海宝山一模）Nowadays, the citizens in Shanghai to divide the wastefrom daily life into four different groups.A. require

11、dB. are requiredC. requireD. are requiring33. （2022上海虹 口模）A new factory to deal with water pollution last month.A. was builtB. will be builtC. has been builtD. has built34. （2022上海长宁-模）In the past several months a new community park andwill be open to the public soon.A. is builtB. was builtC. has be

12、en built D. will be built35. （2022上海一模）It is said China International Import Expo in Shanghai lastyear.A. was heldB. are heldC. has been held D. had been held36. （2021 上海黄浦九年级期中）The Nobel Prize for Literature this year to anAfrican writer, Abdulrazak, which turns out to be a big sunrise.A. was award

13、ed B. has awarded C. will awardD. will be awarded37. （2021 上海市进才中学北校九年级期中）Many children dont know that wood paper.A. used to make B. is used to make C. is used to making D. are used for 38.（2021 上海奉贤二模）The students to take part in the Shanghai Youth ScienceIdeas and Practice Challenge.A. are encoura

14、ging B. are encouraged C. have encouraged D. will encourage 39. （2021 上海杨浦二模）People come from all over to our village to see views that cannot anywhere else.A. enjoyB. be enjoyed C. are enjoyed D. be enjoying40. （2021上海市民办新复兴初级中学九年级期中）When the sunin the morning, our national flag.A. is raised, will

15、be raisedB. rises, will be risenC. rises, will be raisedD. is raised, will rise21. C【详解】句意：最近对于癌症的新药的研究有了巨大的进步。考查时态和被动语态。主语Greatprogress”与谓语“make”之间是被动关系，且根据 “recently”可知句子应使用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done。故选Co22. C【详解】句意：在过去的两年里，那个小山村修了两条宽马路。考查现在完成时的被动语态。build建造，根据主语“Two wide roads”和谓语动词“build” 是被动关系

16、，所以用被动语态，由“in the past two years”可知，应该用现在完成时的被动 语态，故选C。23. D【详解】句意：刚才学生们被分成六组进行小组讨论。考查动词的时态和语态。根据just now可知，该句时态为一般过去时，又因为主语The students是被分成六组，与谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，即该句用一般 过去时的被动语态，was/were done结构。故选D。24. D【详解】句意：下周我们餐厅的厨师们将制作六道新菜。考查将来时被动语态。主语是“six new dishes”，和谓语动词create之间存在被动关系， 根据时间状语Next week可知，用

17、一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形 式，create是动词，创作，创造，此处用过去分词created,故选D。25. B【详解】句意：在过去的四年里，芬兰被命名为世界上最幸福的国家。考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据句意，主语和动词之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态， 故排除A、C项；根据句子的时间状语“the last four years”可知，句子应是现在完成时的 被动语态，构成形式为：have/has been done； name的过去分词是named。故选C。26. D【详解】句意：英语考试分为客观题和主观题两部分。请仔细填写每一部分。考查一般现在时的被动语态和词意辨

18、析。主语“The English exam”和谓语动词“divide into”是被动关系，应用被动语态，第一个空格处应用is divided into,排除A和Bo includes包括，包含，动词（三单形式）；including包括在内，包含，介词，后接名词或代词；included通常作形容词，表示包括在内的，通常用于修饰词的后面。空格处位于名 词前，应用介词including。故选D。27. C【详解】句意:我现在能进会议室吗？ 当然，如果你被邀请的话。考查一般过去时被动语态。invite为一般现在时；are inviting为现在进行时；were invited 为一般过去时被动语态；

19、will be invited为一般将来时被动语态。根据情境和句意可知， 如果你之前被邀请的话，当然可以进入会议室，即应该使用一般过去时被动语态。故选Co28. A【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国传统的卡通英雄。今天，他仍然受到各个年龄段人们的喜 爱。考查被动语态。根据Today he.by people of all ages 丁可知主语和动词之间是被动关系， 应用被动语态，且时态是一般现在时，故选A。29. C【详解】句意：现在，中国鼓励夫妻生三个孩子，以减轻人口老龄化的压力。考查动词的时态和语态。主语是Chinese couples和谓语动词encourage之间存在被动关 系，根据时间状语n

20、ow可知，是一般现在时态的被动语态，其结构是“be done”的形式, 主语是Chinese couples是复数，be动词用are, encourage 鼓励”，是动词，过去分词是 encouraged, 故选 Co30. D【详解】句意：霹雳舞，与其说是一项运动，不如说是一种艺术形式，将出现在巴黎奥 运会上！考查动词的时态和语态。主语是沅g和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，根据“in the Paris Olympic Games”可知，此处是一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是“will be done”的形 式，see“看见，是动词，过去分词是seen,故选D。31. C【详解】句意：草地上的垃圾

21、被清除了，然后营地又干净了。考查动词的语态。主语the rubbish和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，根据“and then the campsite was clean again.”可知，是一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done 的形式，主语是不可数名词,be动词用was, remove“清除”，是动词，过去分词是removed, 故选C。32. B【详解】句意：如今，上海市民被要求将日常生活中的垃圾分成四类。考查被动语态。主语the citizens与动词require之间是被动关系，且句子是一般现在时， 要用一般现在时被动语态are required的结构，故选B。33

22、. A【详解】句意：上个月建了一个新工厂来处理水污染。考查动词时态和语态。主语Anew factory与谓语动词之间是动宾关系，表示“被建立”， 用被动语态，且由“last month”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)。故选Ao34. C【详解】句意：在过去的几个月里，一个新的社区公园已经建成，不久将向公众开放。 考查被动语态。根据In the past several months”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语“anew community park”与动词build之间是被动关系，故此空填现在完成时被动语态，故选C。 35. A【详解】句意：据说中国国际进口博览会

23、去年在上海举行。考查动词语态。根据句意可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；根据时 间状语last year”可知，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式为：was/were done；主语“China International Import Expo”是第三人称单数形式，故be动词应用was； hold 的过去分词是held。故选A。36. A【详解】句意：今年的诺贝尔文学奖颁给了一位非洲作家Abdulrazak,这是一个很大的 惊喜。考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据The Nobel Prize for Literature this year.to an African wri

24、ter,”可知，这个动作已经发生了，因此时态是过去时；又因为主语“The Nobel Prize for Literature”与谓语动词“award”是被动关系，因此这里是一般过去时的被动语态，结构是 “was/were done”。故选 A。37. B【详解】句意：许多孩子不知道木头是用来造纸的。考查一般现在时被动语态。used to make过去常常制作；is used to make被用来制作；is used to making习惯制作；are used for被用来。根据“wood.paper”可知，木头是被用来 造纸的，从句意上排除A和C选项。D选项少了动词make,故排除D选项，

25、故选B。38. B【详解】句意：学生们被鼓励参加上海青年科学思想与实践挑战赛。考查被动语态，主语The students和动词encourage之间是被动关系，其结构是be done 的形式，encourage sb. to do sth.”鼓励某人做某事、变成被动语态，sb. be encouraged to do sth.o主语是复数，be动词用are,故选B。39. B【详解】句意：人们从四面八方来到我们的村庄，观看其他地方看不到的景色。考查含有情态动词的被动语态。分析语境可知，that引导的是定语从句，先行词是views, that在定语从句中作主语，与动词enjoy之间是被动关系，因

26、此应该用被动语态；含有 情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故选B。40. C【详解】句意：当太阳在早晨升起时，我们的国旗就会升起。考查时间状语从句及被动语态。本句是由when引导的时间状语从句。结合选项可知，从 句时态为一般现在时。sun和rise之间是主动关系，排除AD；第二空所在句为主句， 用一般将来时，主谓和谓语之间是被动关系，用被动语态。rise是不及物动词，没有被 动语态，排除B。故选C。它真题过关1. （2011 上海中考真题）An officialby some reporters on food problems in Shanghaiyesterda

27、y.A. is interviewing B. is interviewed C. was interviewing D. was interviewed2. （2022辽宁朝阳中考真题）Its said that tea by accident about five thousand yearsago.A. was inventedB. is inventedC. will be inventedD. were invented3. （2022广西中考真题）Chineseby more and more people in the world.A. speakB. speaksC. is s

28、peakingD. is spoken4. （2022辽宁辽宁中考真题）Five more clubs next week to make our school life richand colorful.A. set upB. are set upC. will be set up D. were set up5. （2022辽宁营口中考真题）A speech on robots in the school hall next Fridayafternoon.A. is givenB. will be givenC. was givenD. has been given6. （2022辽宁盘

29、锦中考真题）Its said that tea for the first time about 5,000 years ago.A. drinksB. drankC. is drunkD. was drunk7. （2022山东滨州中考真题）The 24th Winter Olympics in Beijing and Zhangjiakouin 2022, from February 4th to 20th.A. heldB. was heldC. will be held D. has been held8. （2022内蒙古呼和浩特中考真题）The second Tiangong Le

30、cture, kicked off! Bing Dwen Dwen a teaching tool!A. is used forB. was used for C. is used asD. was used as9. （2012上海中考真题）Im sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking verysoon.A. madeB. will makeC. were madeD. will be made10. （2017上海中考真题）（2017 上海中考）The museumnext month tocelebrate the Sc

31、ience & Technology Festival.A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated11. （2022江苏镇江中考真题）Its a long time! I cant remember when this picture inJinshan Park.A. was takenB , takesC. is takenD. took12. （2022广西贵港中考真题）一 Peopleto take their temperatures before they go intothe sup

32、ermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic （新冠疫情）.一 I think its a good way to protect ourselves.A. are askingB. are askedC. askedD. ask13. （2022U匕京中考真题）On our farm, the tea leaves by hand when they are ready.A. pickB. pickedC. are pickedD. were picked14. （2022江苏徐州中考真题）Iby aliens on my way home the other

33、day. Do youbelieve me?A. have attacked B. was attacked C. was attacking D. am attacked15. （2022贵州铜仁中考真题）一Mum, could I watch the movie The Battle at Changjin Lake tonight?一Of course, if your homework.A. finishesB. finishedC. was finished D. is finished16. （2022贵州毕节中考真题）The Forbidden City （紫禁城）,the la

34、rgest palace in the world, more than 600 years ago.A. builtB. were builtC. was built upD. was building17. （2022广西贺州中考真题）After the boys homework, he went out to play.A. finishedB. finishesC. was finishedD. is finished18. （2019上海中考真题）Womes in life if you speak out to your close friend.A. will reduceB.

35、 were reducingC. will be reducedD. were reduced19. （2015上海中考真题）Over $30,000 fbr a childrens hospital by a British girl severalmonths ago.A. is raisedB. was raisedC. will be raisedD. has been raised20. （2022四川雅安中考真题）The 24th Winter Olympic Games in February, 2022,Beijing.A. holdB. heldC. is heldD. wa

36、s held参考答案：1. D【详解】考查点：一般过去时的被动语态的用法。解题思路：由yesterday看出该句子要使 用一般过去时，by之后接的是动作的发出者，故该句要使用被动语态，所以答案选D； 2. A【详解】句意：据说茶是大约5000年前偶然发明的。考查被动语态。分析句子可知tea和invent之间是被动关系，根据“five thousand years ago.” 可知句子应用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done,且tea是不可数名词，be动词应用 was,故选A。3. D【详解】句意：世界上讲汉语的人越来越多。考查语态。句子主语Chinese与动词speak之间是被动关

37、系，此处应用被动语态，故选D。4. C【详解】句意：为了使我们的学校生活丰富多彩，下周还将成立五个社团。考查动词时态和语态。根据next week ”可知句子是一般将来时，且主语和动词之间是被动 关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故选C。5. B【详解】句意：下星期五下午将在学校礼堂举行一场关于机器人的演讲。is given一般现在时的被动语态；will be given一般将来时的被动语态；was given 一般过去 时的被动语态；has been given现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“next Friday afternoon” 下周五下午，可确定句子时态为一般将来时态；主语A s

38、peech on robots和动词give是被动 关系，故句子的语态为一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构是：will be +动词的过去分词。故 选B。6. D【详解】句意：据说，茶在大约五千年前第一次被饮用。考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据about 5,000 years ago”可知在五千年前，句子应用一般过 去时。主语tea“茶”与动词drink“饮用”存在逻辑上的被动语态，即句子应用一般过去时的被 动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。tea为不可数名词，be动词应用was。故选D。7. B【详解】句意：第24届冬奥会于2022年在北京和张家口举行，从2月4日持续到20日。 考查

39、一般过去时的被动语态。根据“in 2022, from February 4th to 20th”及常识可知第24届冬 奥会已经举行，句子应用一般过去时。主语The 24th Winter Olympics与动词hold举行”存 在逻辑上的被动关系，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。 主语The 24th Winter Olympics专有名词作主语，句子谓语应用单数，be动词应用was,动 词hold的过去分词为heldo故选B。8. D【详解】句意：第二届“天宫讲座拉开帷幕！冰墩墩被用作教学工具！考查动词短语和时态。be used for被用于做某事，表示

40、用途；be used as被用作,表示身份或工具。根据kicked可知时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，排除A, C；结合“Bing Dwen Dwen . a teaching tool!”可知,冰墩墩被当作教学工具使用,故选D。9. D【详解】句意：我相信很快就会有更严格的控制吸烟的措施。考查被动语态。根据very soon”可知此句是一般将来时，结合句意可知此句是被动语态，故 此句是一般将来时的被动语态，答案选D。10. D【详解】句意：为庆祝即将举行的科学技术节，这个博物馆下个月就要装修。根据题意，博 物馆下个月要进行装修，属于打算，应该用一般将来时，排除A和C选项。同时，

41、博物馆 是“被装修，要用decorate的被动语态，即be decorated,而B是主动式，可排除。故选D。11. A【详解】句意：这是一段很长的时间！我不记得这张照片是什么时候在金山公园拍的。考查语态。句子主语“this picture”与动词take之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态，结合语境 可知，拍照发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。12. B【详解】句意：在新冠肺炎病毒大流行期间，人们在进入超市前被要求测量体温。 我认为这是一个保护我们自己的好方法。考查被动语态。主语people与动词ask之间是被动关系，表示被要求测体温，故此处用被动 语态be done的结构，故选B。1

42、3. C【详解】句意：在我们的农场，茶叶成熟时都是手工采摘的。考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语the tea leaves”是动作“pick”的承受者，时态是一般现在时， 所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。14. B【详解】句意：前几天我在回家的路上被外星人袭击了。你相信我吗？考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“the other day”可知，本句是一般过去时；再根 据“by aliens”可知，此处是一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)。故选B。15. D【详解】句意：妈妈，今晚我可以看电影长津湖吗？ 当然，如果你的作业完成 了。考查一般现在时的被动语态。“if，表示“如

43、果”时遵循“主将从现。即主句用一般将来时，从 句用一般现在时，空格处在从句位置，用一般现在时，故排除B和C项;“homework”和finish” 是动宾关系，用被动语态。故选D。16. C【详解】句意：紫禁城是世界上最大的宫殿，建于600多年前。考查动词时态和语态。主语和动词之间是被动关系，且“600 years ago”是一般过去时的标志, 所以要用一般过去时的被动语态(be done)。主语是单数，be动词用was,故选C。Can by some aged Chinese?7. The boss made the employees work ten hours a day.（改为被动语

44、态）The employees were made ten hours a day.8. Who looks after the children in the kindergarten?（改为被动语态）By the children after in the kindergarten?.9. The Spring Festival is welcomed by the Chinese all over the world.（改为主动语态）The Chinese all over the world the Spring Festival.10. The price of meat has r

45、isen from ten yuan to fifteen yuan recently.（保持原句意思、）The price of meat from ten yuan to fifteen yuan recently.keys: 1. was praised, by 2. are being used 3. will be bought for 4. be taken 5. are told6. Russian be understood 7.to work 8. whom are, looked 9. welcome 10. has been raised考向二：被动语态的句法功能1 .当

46、不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。e.g.: Japanese is taught in that school.（类似 warming up 中的饭吃过了，英汉说话习 惯的相似性）2 .当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。e.g.: Her book will be brought tomorrow morning.看图学知识，来发挥你的潜力吧，找到主动变被动语态的小技巧！She waters the flowers every day.The flowers Jare watered9by Her every day.L bought a computer las

47、t term.AconiDiiter was bought（by me） last term.17. C【详解】句意：男孩做完作业，就出去玩了。考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“the boys homework”和谓语“finish完成”之间是被动关 系，根据“he went out to play”可知用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选Co 18. C【详解】句意：如果你和你的密友说话，生活中的忧虑就会减少。A. will reduce会减少，一般将来时；B. were reducing正在减少，过去进行时；C. will be reduced 将被减少，将来时被动语态；D. were reduced被减少，一般过去时态被动语态。这里是if 引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从