感恩节的由来和习俗英文版.docx

《感恩节的由来和习俗英文版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《感恩节的由来和习俗英文版.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、感恩节的由来和习俗英文版篇一：感恩节的英文介绍Thanksgiving Day is a harvest festival. Traditionally, it is a time to give thanks for the harvest and expressgratitude in general. It is a holidaycelebrated primarily in Canada and the United States. While perhaps religious in origin, Thanksgiving is now primarily identified

2、as a secular holiday.The date and location of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention. Though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was onSeptember 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Floridal2, the traditional “first Thanksgiving” is venerated as having occur

3、red at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.Today, Thanksgiving is celebrated on the second Monday of October in Canada and on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States. Thanksgiving dinner is held on this day, usually as a gathering of family members and friends.Thanksgiving Day in A

4、merica is a time to offer thanks, of family gatherings and holidaymeals. A time of turkeys, stuffing, and pumpkin pie. A time for Indian corn, holiday parades and到了春天，当地万帕诺亚格部落的印第安人(Wampanoag Indians ) 向外来移民介绍如何种植玉米和其他庄稼，并帮助他们学会狩猎和捕 鱼。他们还教他们如何烹制越橘、玉米和南瓜。The colonists had bountiful crops in the fall

5、of 1621. They invited their Wampanoag benefactors to feast on wild turkeys, duck, geese, fish and shellfish, corn, green vegetables and dried fruits. Wampanoag Chief Massasoit and his tribe brought venison.1621年秋，移民们大获丰收。他们邀请当地万帕诺亚格部落的 印第安族恩人前来就餐，食物十分丰盛，有野火鸡、鸭、鹅、鱼虾贝、玉 米、蔬菜和干果。部落酋长马萨索伊特(Massasoit)及部落

6、成员则 带着鹿肉前来赴宴。Harvest festivals became a regular affair in New England. Thanksgiving was observed on various dates in the states until 1863, when President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed the last Thursday in November as the national Thanksgiving holiday. In 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt signed a law

7、 fixing Thanksgiving on the fourth (not always the last) Thursday in November.丰收庆典逐渐成为新英格兰地区的固定节日。1863年前，各州 往往在不同日子庆祝感恩节。1863年，林肯(Abraham Lincoln )总 统宣布11月份的最后一个星期四为全国感恩节。1941年，罗斯福(Franklin Roosevelt )总统签署法律，将感恩节确定为11月的第 四个星期四(因为第四个星期四不一定总是最后一个星期四)。GATHERING TOGETHER AND HELPING OUT欢聚与相助Many Thanksg

8、iving traditions come from that 1621 harvest celebration. Sheaves of wheat or corn are often used as decorations. Roast turkey, cranberry sauce, sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie are commonly served at Thanksgiving dinner. But as the U. S. population becomes more diverse, so does the Thanksgiving meal.

9、 Nowadays, sitting next to the turkey might be a dish of tamales, tabbouleh, couscous or sauerkraut.许多感恩节传统始于1621年的丰收庆典。人们通常用一捆捆的 小麦或玉米作节日装饰。烤火鸡、越橘浆、红薯和南瓜攀都是感恩节 晚餐常见的食物。随着美国人口的日益多样性，感恩节大餐的内容也更 丰富多样。如今，摆在火鸡旁的可能是一盘玉米粉蒸肉(tamales)、塔博 勒色拉(tabbouleh) 蕊睦(couscous)或泡菜(sauerkraut)oColleges serve a special me

10、al for students remaining on campus during Thanksgiving, and international students are often invited to share Thanksgiving with local families. U. S. troops stationed overseas are served a Thanksgiving meal. When Americans at home sit down at the table and give thanks, they often express gratitude

11、for their freedom and the sacrifices made to preserve it.美国各大学在感恩节时会为在校学生提供一顿特殊的餐饭。通 常外国学生还会受邀与当地家庭共渡感恩节。美国驻扎在海外的军人 也能享有一顿感恩节大餐。能够在家里欢聚一堂的美国人在表示感恩 时，通常会为自己的自由以及为捍卫自由而作出牺牲的人们表达感激之 情。Many people prepare Thanksgiving meals and serve them to the needy. Others donate to food drives, work at food warehous

12、es or deliver groceries to soup kitchens, churches and other charitable groups.在这一天到来的时候，不少人会参加准备感恩节大餐的工作， 向有需要的人供餐。还有些人支持食品捐助活动，到食品仓库干活， 或向公益厨房、教堂和其他慈善组织运送食品。Thanksgiving is the busiest travel period of the year because families make a special effort to be together. Some favorite pastimes include w

13、atching television coverage of the annual Macy s Department Store parade in New York and of American football games played around the country. The day after Thanksgiving marks the beginning of the Christmas shopping season, an important time for U. S. retailers.感恩节是一年中旅行最繁忙的时期。许多家庭会想一切办法举 家团聚。人们喜爱的一

14、些娱乐活动有，观看电视直播纽约市(New York)每年一度梅西百货商店(Macy s Department Store)的大游 行以及全国各地举行的美式足球比赛。感恩节后第二天意味着圣诞购 物季节的开始，这对美国零售商来说是一个重要的促销季节。One whimsical Thanksgiving tradition is the annual “pardoning” of a turkey by the U S. president, who spares the bird from the dinner table. The bird goes on to live out its lif

15、e at a petting zoo.感恩节还有一个有趣的传统。美国总统每年会“赦免” (pardoning) 一只火鸡，这只火鸡可在宠物园度过余生，免遭成为 盘中餐的命运。NATIVE AMERICANS 美洲印第安人The harvest celebration of 1621 was followed by a long period of injustice and conflict between Native Americans and Europeans. Many Native Americans in the United States see Thanksgiving as

16、 a National Day of Mourning. However, others enjoy a traditional Thanksgiving meal at home or in large community gatherings, taking the opportunity to spend a day with family and friends. Each year in southern California, the Morongo Band of Mission Indians donatesthousands of turkeys to charities a

17、nd families in need.1621年举行丰收庆典活动之后，在印第安人和欧洲移民之间出 现了较长时期的不公平和相互冲突的情形。美国许多印第安人视感恩 节为“国殛日(National Day of Mourning )o但也有其他印第安人 在家中享受感恩节大餐，或参加大型社区集会，并利用这个机会与家人和朋友共渡佳节。南加州(southern California )的印第安莫龙 戈部落(The Morongo Band of Mission Indians)每年都为慈善组织和有需求的家庭捐送数千只火鸡。Native American history and culture are f

18、requently discussed in schools around the Thanksgiving holiday and during November, which is National Native American Heritage Month.11月恰逢全国印第安人传统月(is National Native American Heritage Month ),许多学校经常在感恩节前后讨论印第安人历史及 文化。篇三：感恩节的由来+五月花号(中英)The Origin of Thanksgiving DayThanksgiving DayFourth Thursday in

19、 NovemberAlmost every culture in the world has held celebrations of thanks for a plentiful harvest. The American Thanksgiving holiday began as a feast of thanksgiving in the early days of the American colonies almost four hundred years ago.In 1620, a boat filled with more than one hundred people sai

20、led across the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the New World (新大陆). This religious group had begun to question the beliefs of the Church of England and they wanted to separate from it. The Pilgrims settled in what is now the state ofMassachusetts. Their first winter in the New World was difficult. They

21、had arrived too late to grow many crops, and without fresh food, half the colony died from disease. The following spring the Iroquois Indians（美国纽约州东北部易洛魁族印第安人）taught them how to grow corn, a new food for the colonists. They showed them other crops to grow in the unfamiliar soil and how to hunt and f

22、ish.In the autumn of 1621, bountiful crops of corn, barley（大麦），beans and pumpkins were harvested. The colonists had much to be thankful for, so a feast was planned. They invited the local Indian chief and 90 Indians. The Indians brought deer to roast with the turkeys and other wild game offered by t

23、he colonists. The colonists had learned how to cook cranberries and different kinds of corn and squash dishes from the Indians. To this first Thanksgiving, the Indians had even brought popcorn.In following years, many of the original colonists celebrated the autumn harvest with a feast of thanks.Aft

24、er the United States became an independent country, Congress recommended one yearly day of thanksgiving for the whole nation to celebrate. George Washington suggested the date November 26 as Thanksgiving Day. Then in 1863, at the end of a long and bloody civil war, Abraham Lincoln asked all American

25、s to set aside the last Thursday in November as a day of thanksgiving.Thanksgiving falls on the fourth Thursday of November, a different date every year. The President must proclaim that date as the official celebration.Thanksgiving is a time for tradition and sharing. Even if they live far away, fa

26、mily members gather for a reunion at the house of an older relative. All give thanks together for the good things that they have.In this spirit of sharing, civic groups and charitable organizations offer a traditional meal to those in need, particularly the homeless. On most tables throughout the Un

27、ited States, foods eaten at the first thanksgiving have become traditional.Symbols of ThanksgivingTurkey, corn, pumpkins and cranberry sauce （酸果曼沙司） are symbols which represent the first Thanksgiving. Now all of these symbols are drawn on holiday decorations and greeting cards. The use of corn meant

28、 the survival of the colonies.“Indian corn ” as atable or door decoration represents the harvest and thefall season.Sweetsour cranberry sauce, or cranberry jelly, was on the first Thanksgiving table and is still served today. The cranberry is a small, sour berry. It grows in bogs （沼泽），or muddy areas

29、, in Massachusetts and other New England states. The Indians used the fruit to treat infections. They used the juice to dye their rugs and blankets. They taught the colonists how to cook the berries with sweetener （甜味佐料）and water to make a sauce. The Indians called it “ibimi” which means “bitter ber

30、ry. When the colonists saw it, they named it craneberry because the flowers of the berry bent the stalk over, and it resembled the longnecked bird called a crane. The berries are still grown in New England.In 1988, a Thanksgiving ceremony of a different kind took place at the Cathedral of St. John t

31、he Divine. More than four thousand people gathered on Thanksgiving night. Among them were Native Americans representing tribes from all over the country and descendants of people whose ancestors had migrated to the New World.The ceremony was a public acknowledgment of the Indians role in the first T

32、hanksgiving 350 years ago. Until recently most schoolchildren believed that the Pilgrims cooked the entire Thanksgiving feast, and offered it to the Indians. Infact, the feast was planned to thank the Indians for teachingthem how to cook those foods. Without the Indians, the first settlers would not

33、 have survived.( 译文仅供参考大意)感恩节的来历11月的第四个星期四是感恩节。感恩节是美国人民独创的一个 古老节日，也是美国人合家欢聚的节日，因此美国人提起感恩节总是备感亲切。感恩节是美国国定假日中最地道、最美国式的节日(holiday),它和早期美国历 史最为密切相关。1620年，一些朝拜者乘坐“五月花”号船去美洲寻求宗教自由。他们在海上颠簸了两个月之后，终于在酷寒的十一月里，在现在的马莎塞州的 普里茅斯登陆。在第一个冬天，半数以上的移民都死于(die)饥饿和传染病，活 下来的人们在第一个春季即1621年开始播种。整个夏天(summer)他们都热切地盼 望着丰收的到来，他们深

34、知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在都将取决于即将到 来的收成。最后(finally),庄稼获得了意外的丰收，为了感谢上帝赐予的丰收，举行了 3天的狂欢活动。从此，这一习俗就沿续下来，并逐渐风行各地。1863 年，美国总统林肯宣布每年十一月的第四个星期四为感恩节。感恩节庆祝活动 便定在这一天，直到如今。届时，家家团聚，举国同庆，其盛大、热烈的情形， 不亚于人过春T o感恩节庆祝模式许多年来从未改变。丰盛的家宴早在几个月之 前就开始着手准备。人们在餐桌上可以吃到苹果、桔子、栗子、胡桃和葡萄，还有葡萄干布丁、碎肉馅饼、各种其他食物以及红莓苔汁和鲜果汁，其中最妙和最吸引人的大菜是烤火鸡(roastturke

35、y)和南瓜馅饼(pumpkinpie),这些菜一直是 感恩节中最富于传统和最受人喜爱的食品(food) oThe Mayflower CompactIN The Name of God, Amen.We whose names are underwritten, the Loyal Subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord KingJames, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and giantballoons.在美国，感恩节是一个感谢恩赐，家庭团聚，合家欢宴的日子； 是一个家家餐桌上都有火鸡、填料、

36、南瓜馅饼的日子；是一个充满了 印第安玉米、假日游行和巨型气球的日子。Thanksgiving is celebrated on the 4th Thursday of November, which this year (2005) is November 24th.每年十一月的最后一个星期四是感恩节，在今年(2005)则是 11月24日。下面让我们来看看感恩节的由来吧：The Pilgrims who sailed to this country aboard the Mayflower were originally members of the English Separatist Ch

37、urch (a Puritan sect). They had earlier fled their home in England and sailed to Holland (The Netherlands) to escape religious persecution. There, they enjoyed more religious tolerance, but they eventually became disenchantedwith the Dutch way of life, thinking it ungodly. Seeking a better life, the

38、 Separatists negotiated with a London stock company to finance a pilgrimage to America. Most of those making the trip aboard the Mayflower were nonSeparatists, but were hired to protect the company sinterests. Only about onethird of the original colonists were Separatists.乘五月花”来到这个国度的旅行者(朝圣者)原本是英国分I

39、reland, King, Defender of the Faith, c. Having undertaken for the Glory of God, and Advancement of the Christian Faith, and the Honor of our King and Country, a Voyage toplant the first colony in the northern Parts of Virginia;Do by these Presents, solemnly and mutually in the Presence of God and on

40、e another,covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil Body Politick, for our better Ordering and Preservation, and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid; And by Virtue hereof do enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal Laws, Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions, and Offices, from time to ti

41、me, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general Good of the Colony; unto which we promise all due Submission andObedience. In WITNESS whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at Cape Cod the eleventh of November, in the Reign of our Sovereign Lord King James of England, France,

42、 and Ireland, the eighteenth and of Scotland, the fiftyfourth. Anno Domini, 1620.John Carver Edward Tilley Degory Priest William Bradford John Tilley Thomas Williams Edward Winslow Francis Cooke Gilbert Winslow William Brewster Thomas Rogers Edmund MargesonIssac Allerton Thomas Tinker Peter Browne M

43、yles Standish John Rigdale Richard Britteridge John Alden Edward Fuller Georoe Soule Samuel Fuller John Turner Richard Clarke Christopher Martin Francis Eaton Richard Gardiner William Mullins James Chilton John Allerton William White John Crackston Thomas English Richard Warren John Billington Edwar

44、d Dotey John Howland Moses Fletcher Edward Leister Stephen Hopkins John Goodman离者地下教会清教徒，他们的家在英国，因不堪忍受国内的宗教迫害，他 们逃亡到荷兰。在荷兰，他们享受了更多的宗教信仰自由，但最终却意 识到在荷兰的这种生活方式是对他们的主的亵渎。为了寻求更好的生 活，他们与伦敦贸易公司协商，由该公司资助他们到美国。在这趟旅 途中，船上只有大约1/3的乘客是清教徒，其他大多数人并非分离派清 教徒，而是公司雇佣来保护其利益的人员（契约奴）。The Pilgrims set ground at Plymouth R

45、ock on December 11, 1620. Their first winter was devastating. At the beginning of the following fall, they had lost 46 of the original 102 who sailed on the Mayflower. But the harvest of 1621 was a bountiful one. And the remaining colonists decided to celebrate with a feast including 91 Indians who

46、had helped the Pilgrims survive their first year. It is believed that the Pilgrims would not have made it through the year without the help of the natives. The feast was more of a traditional English harvest festival than a true “thanksgiving“ observance. It lasted three days.1620年12月11日，旅行者们在“普利茅斯石

47、”登陆。他们的 第一个冬季是灾难性的，第二年秋天来临时，原来的102名乘客只剩 下56人。但1621年他们获得了大丰收，这些幸存的殖民者们决定和 帮助他们度过困难的91名印第安人一起飨宴庆祝。他们相信，若没 有当地居民的帮助，他们是不可能度过这一年的。这次节日的盛宴不 仅仅是一个“感恩”仪式，它更像英国传统的丰收庆典。庆典持续了三天。Governor William Bradford sent “four men fowling” after wild ducks and geese. It is not certain that wild turkey was part of their f

48、east. However, it is certain that they had venison. The term “turkey“ was used by the Pilgrims to mean any sort of wild fowl.总督布雷德福派了 “四人捕鸟队”去捕捉野鸭和野鹅。我们现 在并不能确定是否有野生火鸡在当时的筵席上，但筵席上肯定有鹿 肉。当时，朝圣者用“火鸡” 一词来代表各种野禽。Another modern staple at almost every Thanksgiving table is pumpkin pie. But it is unlikely

49、that the first feast included that treat. The supply of flour had been long diminished, so there was no bread or pastries of any kind. However, they did eat boiled pumpkin, and they produced a type of fried bread from their corncrop. There was also no milk, cider, potatoes, or butter. There was nodomestic cattle for dairy products, and the newlydiscovered potatowas still