高中英语2024届高考动词的时态语态和主谓一致易错题练习（高考真题附参考答案和解析）.doc

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1、高考英语动词时态语态主谓一致易错题练习班级 考号 姓名 总分 2023年1.【2023年全国乙卷】 _46_ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I _47_ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. .The _49_ (remark) development of this city, which is consciousl

2、y designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _50_(mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.2.【2023年全国乙卷】The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfec

3、t.（改错）3.【2023年新高考全国卷】As a little girl, I _45_ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.4.【2023年新高考全国卷】 As a little girl, I _45_ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.5.【2023年全国甲卷】 Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still _50_ (employ) today to dr

4、aw attention to important truths.6.【2023年全国甲卷】I used to afraid of insects, but last Friday s biology class make a big change in me.(改错)7.【2023年全国甲卷】 In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.（改错）2022年1.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will exte

5、nd protection to a significant number of areas that _ (be)previously unprotected.After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP _ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biol

6、ogical diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.2.【2022全国甲卷】In the last five years, Cao _ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents3.【2022全国乙卷】The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society _ (address) the opening c

7、eremony.4.【2022年浙江卷1月】Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.5.【2022年浙江卷1月】But Cobb and others _ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to partic

8、ipate remotely, and _（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. .On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics many of them climate scientists _ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ag

9、o.6.【2022年新高考2卷】Henry _42_ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _43_(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.7.【2022年北京卷】 Eventually, the man _13_(catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!8.【2022年

10、北京卷】 This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally _16_ (have) no recognisable smell.9.【2022年北京卷】The use of those plastics _20_(increase) by 300% since 2019. The world wont survive if this situation continues.10.【2022年天津卷第二次】 Food and medical supplies_ to all the resid

11、ents after the hurricane last Sunday.A. distribute B. distributedC. are distributed D. were distributed11. 【2022年天津卷第二次】Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, _ teenagers to make better decisions.A. prepare B. preparesC. is preparing D. are preparing12. 【2022年天津卷第二次】The children failed t

12、o hide their disappointment when they found out the school_ the party.A. cancels B. will cancelC. has cancelled D. had cancelled2021年1.【2021.6新高考1卷】What comes next is the endless series of steps. You cant help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.2.【2021

13、.6 浙江卷】 After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 10 (sell) most of their furniture.3.【2021.6全国甲卷】It 1 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.4.【2021.6全国甲卷】We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place

14、at the South Gate.5.【2021.6 浙江卷】It doesnt impress like George Washingtons plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincolns home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 1 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie. 6.【2021.6 浙江卷】Marys niece wrote, pretty, The little home 5 (paint) white.7.【2021

15、.1 浙江卷】 It is calculated by dividing a persons weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.8.【2021.1 浙江卷】In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.9.【2021.6全国甲卷改错】One of the questions are: Who will you go in times of troub

16、le?（改错）10.【2021.6全国乙卷改错】Thats our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!（改错）11.【2021.6全国乙卷改错】I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.12【2021年天津卷第一次】We _ quite enough work for the morning; now lets take a break.Ahave don

17、e Bwill do Chad done Dwere doing13【2021年天津卷第一次】Currently, about 35,000 works _ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.Awere displaying Bare displayingCwere being displayed Dare being displayed14. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he _ j

18、obs by a dozen computer companies.A. has offered B. has been offeredC. had offered D. had been offered15. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Good evening, everybody. Professor King _ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.A. delivered B. will be deliveringC. was delivering D. has been delivering2020年1.【2

19、020年新课标】China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61. (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.This really excites scientists, Carle Pieters, a scienti

20、st at Brown University, says, because it 67. (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68. (construct)2.【2020年新课标】 This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62. (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63. (come) back to life and best wishes for ne

21、w beginnings.The plum trees are 70.first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.3.【2020年新课标】Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice.（改错）4.【2020年新课标】The artist was sure he would6

22、3. (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li Riverperhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world. 65. he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find t

23、he legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66. (point) down the river.5. 【2020全国卷】My dad dont like the soup and I dont enjoy apples.（改错）6.【2020年新高考全国 卷（山东卷）】 The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38. (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39. opened in 1759.The part

24、s of a museum open to the public 40. (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museums collection 41. (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.7.【2020年浙江卷1月】Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an America

25、n in 1950_56_(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected_57_(increase)to 42 by 2050. .People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should_64_(place)on longevity(长寿).8.【2020年新高考全国 卷(海南卷)】 Because the number of possible topics_43_（be）practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the

26、 most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers_44_（encourage）to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of_45_（we）Further Resources section featured in each volume.9.【2020年北京卷】Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He s

27、ays food_1_(play) a big role in his life. 10.【2020年北京卷】Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they_4_(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years_5_(break) down.11.【2020年北京卷】The Neanderthals_9_（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dyin

28、g out about 40, 000 years ago.12.【2020年浙江卷7月】And，as more children were born，more food _59_(need). .By about 6000 BC，people _61_ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.13. 【2020年天津卷第一次】The machine is working again！Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it_.A. has been fixed B. is being fixe

29、dC. had been fixed D. would be fixed14. 【2020年天津卷第一次】A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city _ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.A. is B. are C. was D. were15. 【2020年江苏卷】If you look at all sides of the situation, youll find probably a solution tha

30、t _ everyone.A. suit B. suited C. suits D. has suited16. 【2020年江苏卷】Instead of getting down to a new task as I _, he examined the previous work again.A. had expected B. have expected C. would expect D. expect17. 【2020年江苏卷】If I hadnt been faced with so many barriers, I _where I am.A. wont be B. wouldn

31、t have been C. wouldnt be D. shouldnt have been附：参考答案2023年1.【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。【47题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于

32、一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city

33、”。故填remarkable。【50题详解】考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。2.考查时态。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，由上文Last Friday可知，应用一般过去时。故choose改为chose。考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女

34、人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故that改为whose。3.【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。4.【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。

35、故填wished。5.【50题详解】考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。6.考查谓语动词。句意：我过去害怕昆虫，但是上星期五的生物课使我发生了很大的变化。表示“害怕”短语为be afraid of，此处为used to do sth.。故to后添加be。考查时态。句意：我过去害怕昆虫，但是上星期五的生物课使我发生了很大的变化。事情发生在上周五，故用一般过去时。故make改为made。

36、7.考查冠词。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。表示“散步”短语为take a walk。故the改为a。考查主谓一致。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。此处为一般现在时，主语为the singing of insects，谓语用三单形式。故become改为becomes。2022年1.答案：were解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a signif

37、icant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。答案：is designed解析：考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。2.答案：has walked解析

38、：考查动词时态。句意：在过去五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。3.答案：addressed解析：考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。4.答案：is viewed或has been viewed解析：考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知

39、的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。5.答案：are；changing解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。第一空：根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。第二空：分析句子结构可知，此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。答案：have promised解析：考查时态。句意：例如，

40、在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。6.答案：42. was fixing 43. threw 【42题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。【43题详解

41、】考查谓语动词过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。7.考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。8.考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。9.考

42、查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。10.【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句子成分可知，Food and medical supplies作主语，为复数，与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be distributed；根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知，句子需要用一般过去时态，故be动词要用w

43、ere。故选D项。11.【答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。12.【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知，学校取消派对发生在前，孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后，故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”，需要用过去

44、完成时态。故选D项。2021年1.【答案】was【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的提示词then可知，表示当时的情况，故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；从句主语为it，是第三人称单数形式。故填was。2.【答案】sold【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：1861年，林肯被选举为国家总统后，他们租了房子并且卖掉了大部分的家具。rent和sold为并列谓语，用and连接，所以都用一般过去时。3.【答案】was built ;【解析】考查动词的时态/语态以及主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，空格填写谓语动词，又因it指代前面The Xian City Wall，和bu

45、ild是被动关系，且是在 the Tang dynasty被建立，故用过去式的被动语态。本句句意：它最初是在唐代为保护这座城市而建的，现在已经完全修复。故填was built。4.【答案】hired【解析】考查动词的时态。根据句子的结构可知空格应该填写谓语动词，根据后文My bike was old可知，应该为过去的时态，主语为we, 为主动语态，故填hired。5.【答案】has proved 或 has proven【解析】考查现在完成时。结合句中since一词，可以判断句子的谓语应该用现在完成时。句意：自从它开放后，林肯的家已经证明是让游客们不可抵挡地想去参观的。6.【答案】was painted【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个小房子被粉刷成白色。房子被粉刷，所以用被动。动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。7.【答案】is considered【解析】考查被动语态。句意：介于19-25的BMI数值被认为是健康的。分析句子结构a BMI of between 19 and 25 (consider) healthy.可知 Consider做谓语，主语是单数，根据句意谓语动词应为被动且时态为一般现在时