精品解析：湖南省长沙市2020年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

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1、2020年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语注意事项：1. 答题前,请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号；2. 必须在答题卡上答题,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3. 答题时,请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4. 请勿折叠答题卡,保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁；5. 答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6. 本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。试卷分为四个部分,共8页,75小题,时量120分钟,满分120分。I. 听力技能第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前,你将有

2、时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。1. How was the weather yesterday?A. Cloudy B. Rainy C. Sunny2 What is Peter doing now?A. Watching TV B. Playing with his sister. C. Walking his dog3. Which subject does Cathy like best?A. English B. Chinese C. Math4. Where is Jacks dictionary?A. In the study B. In

3、the living room C. In the bedroom5. How often does Lisa play volleyball?A. Once a week B. Twice a month C. Every day第二节 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2-3个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。听第六段材料,回答第6、7题。6. How many pages of Robinson Crusoe has Sam read?A. 62 B. 82 C

4、. 1327. What does Anna think of Little Women?A Interesting B. Exciting C. Boring听第七段材料,回答第8、9题。8. What are the speakers talking about?A. A weekend plan. B. A business plan C. A study plan9. When will they climb the mountain?A. On Friday B. On Saturday C. On Sunday听第八段材料,回答第10、11题。10. How did the man

5、 feel about the visit to his home city?A. Sad B. Tired C. Excited11. How long did it take to build the road bridge?A. Three years. B. Five years C. Seven years.听第九段材料,回答第12至14题。12. Where did Paul get the science magazine from?A. The city library B. The post office C. The school library. 13. What doe

6、s the girl think of self-driving cars?A. Faster B. Safer C. Smaller14. What does the girl plan to do?A. Give a speech B. Reuse some rubbish C. Plant more trees听第十段材料,回答第15至17题。15. Whats wrong with John?A. He failed his test B. He is ill in hospital C. His legs hurt16. How will they go to the hospita

7、l?A. By bus B. By taxi C. By subway17. When will they meet this afternoon?A. At 4:20 B. At 4:30 C. At 4:50听第十一段材料,回答第18至20题。18. When was the Golden Gate Bridge finished?A. In 1837 B. In 1937 C. In 197319. Where can the visitors taste the best Italian food?A. At Chinatown B. At North Beach C. At Gold

8、en Gate Park20. Whats the best way to learn about the city and its history?A. A tour on foot B. A tour by bike C. A tour by bus. 知识运用第一节 语法填空 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。1.The twins are so alike that even their father finds_ hard to tell them from each other.A. itB. himC. them【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：这对双胞胎如此相像以

9、至于甚至他们的父亲都发现很难区分他们。考查代词辨析。it它；him他，人称代词宾格形式；them他们，人称代词宾格形式。根据句意和句子结构可知，这里使用了句型find it+形容词+to do sth.“发现做某事是的”，it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。故选A。2. What happened to Mrs Smart? She cut herself while she _ lunch.A. preparesB. is preparingC. was preparing【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：Smart夫人发生什么事了？她在准备午饭的时候割伤了自己。考查动词时态。prepar

10、es准备，是动词的第三人称单数形式；is preparing现在进行时；was preparing过去进行时。根据句中“What happened to Mrs. Smart”可知，这件事情是过去的，且这里表示“当她正在的时候”，应用过去进行时。故选C。3._ your smartphones, and read for at least 30 minutes, every day! You know, reading helps us to deepen our spiritual world.A. Put awayB. To put awayC. Putting away【答案】A【解析】

11、【详解】句意：收起你的智能手机，每天至少阅读30分钟！你知道，阅读帮助我们深化 我们的精神世界。考查祈使句。put away收起来放好。分析句子结构可知句中缺少主语，结合题干中“and read for at least 30 minutes”可知此处用祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。4.A Chinese survey team reached the top of Mount Qomolangma _ May 27th, 2020, which will improve human knowledge of nature and scientific development.A. atB.

12、 onC. in【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：2020年5月27日，一支中国考察队成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰，这将提高人类对自然和科学发展的认识。考查介词辨析。at后面跟具体的时间点；on表示在具体的某一天；in泛指在上午、下午或晚上；在年代、月份、季节前。空后May 27th, 2020是具体的一天，应用介词on。故选B。5.We are glad _ that traditional Chinese medicine can work wonders in preventing some diseases.A. knowB. to knowC. knowing【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们

13、很高兴地知道，中医在预防某些疾病方面可以发挥奇效。考查非谓语动词。know知道。know动词原形；to know动词不定式；knowing动名词或动词的现在分词。结合选项可知句子是说“很高兴知道”，作表语的形容词glad后接动词不定式作原因状语。故选B。6._ you have problems, just let me know. Ill always be there for you.A. HoweverB. WhateverC. Whenever【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：无论你什么时候有问题尽管来找我。我会永远在你身边。考查连词辨析。However然而；无论怎样，无论多么；What

14、ever无论什么；Whenever无论何时。根据句意可知，这里表示“无论什么时候有困难”，C选项符合语境，故选C。7.The film My People, My Country, which amazed lots of movie-goers, _ to the top of the Chinese box office last Monday.A. jumpB. jumpedC. jumps【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：电影我和我的祖国上周一跃居中国票房榜首，这部电影让很多影迷大吃一惊。考查动词时态。jump动词原形，一般现在时；jumped动词过去式，一般过去时；jumps动词单三形

15、式，一般现在时。根据句中时间状语last Monday，可知该句应用一般过去时，故选B。8._ the outbreak of COVID-19 is a terrible blow to the country, the government is trying hard to bring the situation under control.A. AlthoughB. IfC. Unless【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：虽然新冠肺炎疫情的爆发对国家来说是一个沉重的打击，但是政府正在努力控制疫情。考查从属连词辨析。Although虽然，引导让步状语从句；If如果，引导条件状语从句；Unl

16、ess除非，引导条件状语从句。根据句意可知，“新冠肺炎疫情的爆发是对国家的沉重打击”和“政府正在努力控制疫情”之间是让步关系，故选A。9.The school offers two courses on computer technology. One is for beginners and _ is for those who already have some basic knowledge.A. otherB. anotherC. the other【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：这所学校提供两门计算机技术课程。一个是给初学者的，另一个是给那些已经有一些基本知识的人。考查不定代词辨析。

17、other其他的，形容词，修饰名词；another表示不定数目中的另一个；the other表示两者中的另一个。根据句意“The school offers two courses on computer technology.”可知，这所学校提供两门计算机技术课程，因此这里说的是“两个课程中的另一个”，应用the other。故选C。10.Laura, someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _, please.A. who is heB. who it isC. who is it【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：劳拉，有人正在按门铃。请去看看

18、那是谁。考查宾语从句辨析。who is he他是谁，疑问语序；who it is它是谁，陈述语序；who is it它是谁，疑问语序。根据句子结构，此空处是一个宾语从句，从句用陈述语序。根据someone is ringing the doorbell“有人正在按门铃”，可知，并不确定是谁在按门铃，所以此处要用代词it指代不知性别的人，故空格处填who it is。故选B。第二节 词语填空 通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案填空。As a university student, I decided to learn German. For some r

19、eason I really liked the language, but I was not very good at learning it. The grammar _11_ me a lot and even drove me crazy. My only advantage was _12_ I got an A on every word test I took. After two years of studies, I struggled （挣扎） to communicate in _13_ German and signed up to study in Germany

20、to complete my degree. It was the _14_ term I would ever have. The moment I arrived in Germany, I felt like I was starting from scratch（从头开始）. The German Id learned in university wasnt _15_ for everyday conversation. My book knowledge fell by the wayside as I thought about the basics of getting arou

21、nd, reading emails and talking with my classmates, I was often nervous at school, worried about whether the teachers would call on me in class and whether Id understand their questions. I only _16_ a little around my eight roommates, who were willing to speak German slowly to me and didnt seem to mi

22、nd my _17_. I chose to study three coursesreading & writing, grammar and history. All were in German and difficult, but the history class was the worst. The teacher spoke so _18_ that almost everything he said flew right over my head. I sat in the front, took notes and even recorded every single wor

23、d he said in class, but _19_ helped. I had no idea what the class was really about Years have passed, but I still remember how it felt to struggle so hard at _20_ another language. That trip was a difficult but valuable lesson. I think my failure that term taught me just as much as my success.11. A.

24、 gaveB. helpedC. troubled12. A. listeningB. spellingC. speaking13. A. perfectB. brokenC. beautiful14 A. hardestB. easiestC. happiest15. A. uselessB. meaninglessC. practical16. A. relaxedB. fearedC. wondered17. A. purposesB. progressC. mistakes18. A. slowlyB. quicklyC. clearly19. A. nothingB. anythin

25、gC. everything20. A. creatingB. teachingC. learning【答案】11. C 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C【解析】本文讲述了作者在德国学习德语的经历。【11题详解】句意：语法让我很苦恼，甚至快把我逼疯了。gave给；helped帮助；troubled折磨。根据even drove me crazy，可知，语法让作者很苦恼，都快把他逼疯了，表述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，所以空格处填troubled。故选C。【12题详解】句意：我唯一的优势是拼写我在每次单词测试中都得了

26、A。listening听力；spelling拼写；speaking说。根据I got an A on every word test I took，可知，作者在每次单词测试中都能得到A，可见单词拼写是他的优势，所以空格处填spelling。故选B。【13题详解】句意：经过两年的学习，我努力用蹩脚的德语交流，并报名去德国完成我的学位。perfect完美的；broken残缺的；beautiful漂亮的。根据struggle to communicate“挣扎着去沟通”，可见作者的德语并不流利，所以空格处填broken。故选B。【14题详解】句意：这是我经历过的最艰难的一个学期。hardest最艰难

27、的；easiest最简单的；happiest最高兴的。根据I was often nervous at school, worried about whether the teachers would call on me in class and whether Id understand their questions，可知，作者在学校经常紧张，担心老师是否在课堂上提问他，他是否明白他们的问题，由此可见，作者在德国学习的那段时期过的很艰难，所以空格处填hardest。故选A。【15题详解】句意：我在大学学的德语在日常会话中并不实用。useless无用的；meaningless无意义的；pr

28、actical实用性的。根据My book knowledge fell by the wayside，可知，书本上的知识半途而废了，之前所学的德语并不实用，所以空格处填practical。故选C。【16题详解】句意：我只有在八个室友面前会放松一点，他们愿意和我慢慢说德语，似乎不介意我的错误。relaxed放松；feared害怕；wondered想知道。根据who were willing to speak German slowly to me，可知，室友愿意慢慢地跟作者说德语，这让作者感到放松一些，没有在课堂上那么紧张，所以空格处填relaxed。故选A。【17题详解】句意：我只有在八个室

29、友面前会放松一点，他们愿意和我慢慢说德语，似乎不介意我的错误。purposes目的；progress过程；mistakes错误。根据I only relaxed a little around my eight roommates, who were willing to speak German slowly to me，可知，作者在室友面前感到轻松，是因为他们愿意慢慢地跟作者说德语，并且不介意作者的错误，所以空格处填mistakes。故选C。【18题详解】句意：老师讲得那么快，几乎他说的每一句话我都听不懂。slowly缓慢地；quickly快速地；clearly清楚地。sothat引导结果

30、状语从句，根据almost everything he said flew right over my head，可知，老师上课说得太快了，以至于作者一句也听不懂，所以空格处填quickly。故选B。【19题详解】句意：我坐在前面记笔记，甚至记录他在课堂上说的每个字，但是没有任何帮助。nothing没什么事；anything任何事；everything每件事。根据I had no idea what the class was really about，可知，尽管作者在课堂上努力地记下老师说的每个字，但这对他来说没有任何帮助，他还是听不懂课堂是讲什么内容，所以空格处填nothing。故选A。【

31、20题详解】句意：许多年过去了，但我仍然记得努力学习另一种语言的感觉。creating创作；teaching教；learning学习。根据第一段As a university student, I decided to learn German，可知，整篇文章都讲的是作者学习语言的经历，所以空格处填learn。故选C。. 阅读技能第一节 图表理解 阅读下列图表,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。AClub name: Short Story Writing Club Club leader: Claire SmithMeeting time: Friday 4:

32、00 p. m. -5:00 p. m. Club aim: To improve short story writing skillsClub activities：Read short stories in different styles（风格）Write short stories using different skills；Hold workshops to discuss the short stories that members read and write;Invite famous writers to give talks on short story writing.

33、 Materials needed: Paper and pen for each studentPlan for finding new members:Make posters（海报）and put them up around the school;Put a notice in the school newspaper and on the school website;Put a video on the school websiteSigned: Claire Smith21. The chart（图表） above is most probably _ for a new clu

34、b.A. a planB. a letterC. an invitation22. The club activities include the following EXCEPT _.A. holding workshopsB. inviting famous writersC. putting stories on the school website【答案】21. C 22. C【解析】本文是宣传短篇小说写作俱乐部的一些情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中介绍的“Meeting time；Club aim；Club activities；Materials needed”，可知上面

35、的图表很可能是一个新俱乐部的邀请，故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Club activities中介绍的活动，可知选项A和B是俱乐部的活动，而选项C是属于Plan for finding new members中的内容，故选C。BThe Name of This Book Is SecretReaders will love following Max-Emest and Cass as they solve the mystery（谜）of a missing magician! Filled with word games, this is a book that wont stay

36、 secret for long. “ An amazing story full of puzzles（不解之谜）! It will certainly win your heart and will make you never want to stop turning the pages. ”Alex Smith, 13Buy now! $13. 90 (hardcover), $8. 20 (e-book) The London Eye MysterySalim suddenly disappears. No one knows where he has gone. How on ea

37、rth could he have disappeared? His cousins, Ted and Kate, have to follow clues（线索）around London and find him before it is too late. Can they make it?Its a great book! I had my nose in it all the time! This must be the coolest book in the world! ”Sarah Andrew, 12 Buy now! $12. 60 (hardcover), $7.10 (

38、e-book)23. Who is missing in The Name of This Book Is Secret?A. SalimB. A magicianC. Max-Ernest24. What does Sarah mean by saying I had my nose in it”?A. She liked the smell of the bookB. The book was very hard to understandC. The book was so interesting that she read it carefully.25. How much money

39、 can you save if you buy an e-book of The London Eye Mystery instead of a hardcover of it?A. $5. 50B. $5. 70C. $7. 10【答案】23. B 24. C 25. A【解析】本文是两则关于书的广告，分别简单介绍了两本书的内容、读后感和价格。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据表格第一行第二列中“Readers will love following Max-Emest and Cass as they solve the mystery（谜）of a missing magician!”可知

40、失踪的是一位魔术师，故选B。【24题详解】词句理解题。根据表格第二行第二列中“Its a great book!”和“This must be the coolest book in the world!”可知Sarah在看过这本书后，觉得这本书既好也有趣，故选C。【25题详解】计算题。根据表格第二行第二列中“Buy now! $12. 60 (hardcover), $7.10 (e-book)”可知精装书与电子书之间的差价是5.5美元，故选A。第二节 短文理解 阅读下面的短文,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。AOn June 9th, 1870, Char

41、les Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, a headline in The New York Times read: “Death of the Great NovelistWill Be Remembered by the People”The headline was not overstating （夸大） the popularity of Dickens. Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens creat

42、ed some unforgettable characters. You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies. Since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and TV adaptations（改编版本） of Dickens works. A

43、Christmas Carol alone has had nearly 50. Natalie Mcknight is a literature professor（文学教投） who studies Dickens and his works. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular. One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart. He tried hard to produce emotional effects（情感效果） a

44、mong his readers. In his works, he paid special attention to the little man at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time. A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. Peopl

45、e always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think. Many other 19th-century novelists wrote entertaining（娱乐的） works. However, few of them worked as hard as Dickens to touch the readers deeply. Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to figh

46、t social inequality and gave voice to the poor. His works led to many important social changes. Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed. This year marks the 150thyear of Dickens death. Its another chance to remember this great writer. Will you read or re-read some of his famous works?26. What is Paragraph（段落）2 mainly about?A. Personality of Dickens.B. Appearance of Dickens.C. Popularity of Dickens.27. As a novelist, why has Dickens remained so popular?A. He wrote for fun.B. He wrote from his heart.