2023届高三英语培优外刊阅读学案：与世隔绝话题.docx

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1、优点英语高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：_学号：_姓名：_外刊精选“世界上最孤独的人”去世了，他为何选择与世隔绝26年？近日，在巴西亚马逊雨林的深处，一名土著人被发现自然死亡。作为部落的最后一名成员，他的离世宣告该部落就此灭绝。在最近的26年，他与现代社会没有过任何接触。他究竟为何选择与世隔绝？身处现代社会的我们，要如何与这样土著居民共处？One Man Dies, and an Entire Uncontacted Tribe Vanishes in BrazilWhen officials from Brazils Indigenous protection agency approached

2、the hut in the middle of the Amazon rainforest, their fears were confirmed: They were witnessing the first recorded disappearance of an uncontacted tribe in the countrys history.The man lying in the hammock, the last member of his tribe, had died, and with him an entire culture and answers to a thou

3、sand questions.Even his name was a mystery. He was known only as the Man of the Hole because of the dozens of holes he had dug over the years in his territory.In Rondnia, the only inhabitant of the 8,000-hectare area lived in complete isolation for at least 26 years after the rest of his group was k

4、illed by ranchers advancing the agricultural frontier.Brazils Indigenous protection agency, Funai, made direct contact with the last surviving man only in 1996. Marcelo dos Santos, an Indigenous expert, who led the Funai expedition that met the man, said he was found hiding in his hut. We tried to e

5、stablish a conversation and offered corn and arrows, but he was terrified and very aggressive. From this moment on, we had to respect his isolation.Even with protections in place, the territory suffered widespread deforestation up until about 13 years ago. Attacks on the last surviving man continued

6、, as well, including one by armed gunmen in 2009, according to local news reports.For me, he was this symbol of resistance and resilience: to be able to survive on his own, not speak to anybody and avoid all contact maybe out of grief or determination, said Fiona Watson, a research director at Survi

7、val International, a London-based rights organization.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.vanish vn v. _2.indigenous nddns adj. _3.confirm knfm v. _4.witness wtns v. _5.recorded rkdd adj. _6.inhabitant nhbtnt n. _7.isolation aslen n. _8.rancher rnt n. _9.advance dvns v. _10.frontier frnt n. _11.expedition eks

8、pdn n._12.aggressive resv adj. _13.deforestation difrsten n. _14.resilience rzljns n._15.resistance rzstns n. _【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.未接触部落，遗世部落_2.（泛指）无数的_3.就位，到位_4.持枪歹徒_拓展练习阅读理解There are around 100 tribes(部落)that live in global isolation, mostly in South America and India. The Sentinelese have

9、lived on one of the Andaman Islands in Eastern India for 60, 000 years. They protect their island by fighting against people from outside. Their language is different from any other known language. Another Andaman tribe is the Jarawa. In the past, they were independent and fought against anybody try

10、ing to make contact with them. But in 1998, the Indian government built a road across their land, and since then, theyve had more contact with the outside world. Some Amazon tribes avoid contact because of unhappy memories. The Mashco-Piro left their vegetable gardens after rubber companies killed m

11、ost of their tribe at the beginning of the 20th century. Those who survived became nomadic(游牧的)and started hunting animals in the forest. The Awa live in the Amazon forests ofBrazil. Out of 350 members, 100 have no contact with the outside world. They left their villages and adopted a nomadic lifest

12、yle around 1850 to escape attacks by Europeans. In the following years, farmers in nearby communities started cutting the trees to expand their farmland. The Awa lost most of their hunting land. The few Amazon tribes that still exist are fighting to keep their traditional way of life. Survival, an o

13、rganization that fights for the rights of tribal people, says that uncontacted tribes are the most vulnerable(弱势的)humans on the planet and thats why their environment should be unavailable to the rest of us. After years of pressure, the organization got Brazils government to clear non-natives from t

14、he Awa land. All non-Awa people are leaving so the tribe can get their forest back. But some think its impossible for tribes to stay isolated forever in a connected world. Contact will be made one day. So the question is：Whose choice should it be, ours or theirs?1.What can we learn about the Sentine

15、lese from the first paragraph?A.They resist contact from the outside world.B.They speakthe same language as the Jarawa.C.They are wild about fighting with other tribes.D.They have got help from the Indian govemment.2.Why did the Awa choose a nomadic lifestyle?A.To protect their hunting land.B.To sea

16、rch for food sources.C.To avoid threats from Europeans.D.To maintain their original way of life.3.Which of the following would Survival probably agree with?A.The tribes should be left undisturbed.B.The tribes should fight for more living space.C.The cribes should live in harmony with nature.D.The tr

17、ibes should adapt to the connected world.4.What can be the best title for the text?A.The Nomadic Tribes in the WorldB.Seeking Survival of TribesC.The Unavailable Tribal EnvironmentD.Protecting the Tribal Forests外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.vanish vn v. 消失2.indigenous nddns adj. 当地的，原生的3.confirm k

18、nfm v. 确认，证实4.witness wtns v. 目睹，亲眼看见5.recorded rkdd adj. 有记录的，有记载的6.inhabitant nhbtnt n. 居住者，居民7.isolation aslen n. 隔离，分离，孤独，孤立8.rancher rnt n. 大农场主9.advance dvns v. 把.往前推进10.frontier frnt n. 边界11.expedition ekspdn n. 探险，考察12.aggressive resv adj. 有攻击性的，强势的13.deforestation difrsten n. 森林砍伐，毁林14.resi

19、lience rzljns n. 韧性，坚韧15.resistance rzstns n. 反抗，抵抗【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.uncontacted tribe未接触部落，遗世部落2.a thousand（泛指）无数的3.in place就位，到位4.armed gunmen持枪歹徒【全文翻译】一个人离世，整个巴西遗世部落随之灭绝当巴西原住民保护机构的官员一步步走近亚马逊雨林深处的这座小屋，他们担心的事情真的发生了：他们亲眼见证了一个遗世部落的消亡，这是巴西历史上的第一例记录。那个人躺在吊床上，已经死去多时了。作为他们部落的最后一个成员，跟随他一起消亡的，还有他身

20、后的整个文化，以及人们对于这个部落无数疑问的答案。甚至连他的名字都是一个未解之谜。人们只能称他为“洞人”，因为多年以来，他在自己的领地上挖掘了几十个洞穴。在巴西朗多尼亚州这片面积高达8000公顷的土地上，“洞人”是唯一的居民。而他就这样彻底活在与世隔绝之中，长达至少26年。在那之前，农场主们不断扩大农业边界线，他的族人在这个过程中全部遇害。巴西原住民保护机构Funai仅在1996年，与这位最后的幸存者取得过直接联系。当时，土著民专家马塞洛多斯桑多斯（Marcelo dos Santos）带领Funai探险队见到了“洞人”。多斯桑多斯说，探险队发现他躲在自己的小屋里，“我们尝试和他交流，还给他送了些玉米和箭矢，但他十分惊恐，显示出极强的攻击性。从那一刻起，我们不得不尊重他的孤独。”尽管对这片区域的保护措施已就位，但直到约13年前，该地区仍在遭受着相当普遍的森林砍伐。同样地，对这名最后幸存者的攻击也从未停止。比如，据当地新闻报道，2009年还发生过一起武装枪手攻击事件。菲奥娜沃特森（Fiona Watson）是总部位于伦敦的人权组织Survival International的研究主管，她说道：“对我来说，洞人象征着一种反抗和坚韧：他能够独自存活，不与任何人交谈，也许是出于内心的悲痛或某种决心，他躲开了一切，从不和外界接触。”拓展练习阅读理解参考答案：1.A2.C3.A4.B