牛津译林版英语8B Unit4 A good read知识点.pdf

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1、18B Unit4 A good read【comic strip&welcome to the unit】1.Have you decided what to do with these books,Hobo?I have to use them to reach the box on thefridge.【知识点一知识点一】：】：decide(1)(v.)决定(2)可接名词、代词、不定式不定式、从句(3)decide to do sth=make up ones mind to do(4)(n.)decisionmake a decision to do sth.下定决心做某事【知识点二知

2、识点二】：】：what do with(1)对待；处理；放置如：What have you done with my pen?Ive put it away.(2)do with 与 deal with 的搭配：what to do with=how to deal with【知识点三知识点三】：】：reach(1)(vt.)够到；到达(2)注意区分 arrive、get(1)I dont know _ to do with this maths problem.Its too hard.You can ask your classmates or teachers for help.A.wh

3、ichB.howC whatD.when(2)_ did you do with the camera you found?A.WhatB.HowC.WhenD.Why(3)你已经决定如何处置这些垃圾了吗？Have you _ the rubbish?(4)汤姆的个子太矮，他够不着树上的苹果。Tom _ the apple on the tree.2.Im reading a book about Germany in World War II.They improve my knowledge of the past.【知识点一知识点一】：】：Germany(1)(n.)德国(2)Germa

4、n(adj.)德国的、德国人的(3)German(n.)德国人Germans(德国人复数)中日不变英法变，其余后面中日不变英法变，其余后面 s 添添【知识点二知识点二】：】：knowledge(1)(n.)知识(2)get knowledge 获得知识(1)We go to school to get _(knowledge)about many different things.2(2)这些书能帮助我增加对过去的了解The books can help me _.3.What do you like to read in your spare time?The Hunchback of No

5、tre Dame by the French writerVictor Hugo is great.The story of the ugly man Qursimodo really touched me.【知识点一知识点一】：】：spare(1)(adj.)空闲的，多余的，备用的，剩下的如：We have no spare room.(2)同义词：free 空闲的(3)in ones spare time=in ones free time(4)(vt.)拨出，腾出，抽出，让给spare.for.如：We can only spare one room for you.(5)形似词：spa

6、ce 空间=room(1)Will you please help me to repair the computer now?Sorry,Im too busy and I havent a minute to _.A.spareB.shareC.spendD.save【知识点二知识点二】：】：French(1)(adj.)法国的；法语(2)(n.)France 法国(3)(n.)Frenchman 法国人(1)按要求默写：国家人民复数China_Japan_England_France_America_Australia_Canada_Germany_【知识点三知识点三】：】：ugly(1

7、)(adj.)丑陋的，难看的，讨厌的，可憎的(2)uglyuglierugliest(3)(n.)ugliness(1)What a terrible painting!This is probably the _(ugly)painting Ive ever seen.【知识点四知识点四】：】：touch(1)(v.)触动，打动，使受感动如：His sad story so touched us that we nearly cried.(2)(n.)触觉；联系keep in touch with sb.(3)(adj.)touchedtouching3【Reading】1.After ou

8、r ship crashed against rocks,I swam as far as I could.【知识点一知识点一】：】：crash(1)(v.)猛撞，撞毁如：I heard NBA Kobe Bryants private helicopter crashed.(2)(n.)(汽车)撞车事故，(飞机)失事如：There was a serious car crash this morning.【知识点二知识点二】：】：against(1)(prep.)反对，与相反，违反如：Were playing against the league champions next week.Th

9、ats against the law.Are you for or against the death penalty?She is against seeing(=does not want to see)him.(2)支持：be for(1)They voted _(反对)the plan of turning the farmland into an airport.(2)Although _ my opinion,the old professor r didnt come up with his own.A.againstB.onC.forD.in(3)She had to sel

10、l the house even though it was _ her own wishes.A.aboveB.onC.againstD.for(4)An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are_ it.A.againstB.forC.toD.with(5)Im _ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in.A.againstB.onC.inD.

11、for(6)Mr Wang is strongly _ keeping animals in the zoo,because he thinks animals shouldalso enjoy freedom.A.upB.forC.againstD.down【知识点三知识点三】：】：as.as one can(1)尽某人所能地(1)The _ driver drove his car very _ and it crashed _ a tree.A.careful;carelessly;intoB.careless;careless;onC.careless;carefully;onD.ca

12、reless;carelessly;into(2)里奥竭尽全力地游过了那条河。Leo swam _ he could.2.By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out.I fell down on the beach and wentto sleep.4【知识点一知识点一】：】：by the time(1)在的时候，到的时候(此含义与 when 相似)如：By the time the alarm went off,I was awake.By the time he was fourteen,he was

13、able to teach himself advanced maths.【知识点二知识点二】：】：be tired out(1)筋疲力尽(2)tire sb out：使疲劳不堪，使筋疲力尽(3)被动 sb.be tired out如：The children have really tired me out.(4)be tired of sth./doing sth.对感到厌烦、厌倦(1)我已经筋疲力尽了，我想上床休息I _,I think Ill go to bed.【知识点三知识点三】：】：go to sleep(1)入睡，睡着(2)等同于 fall asleep(3)表状态时 be a

14、sleep(1)The astronaut is so tired that he _ for eleven hours.A.has been asleepB.has fallen asleepC.has gone to bedD.has gone to sleep(2)听到这个消息时，他激动得无法入睡。When he heard the good news,he _.3.I woke up as the sun was rising,but I found I could not move.My arms,legs and hair were tired tothe ground.【知识点一

15、知识点一】：】：wake up(1)醒来(2)动副结构，代词放中间wake him up(3)表状态：sb be awake【知识点二知识点二】：】：rise八上 Unit 7 Seasons“The leaves turn green and the temperature rises quickly.”(1)(vi.)升起，(2)注意区分注意区分 raise 和和 riseraise：人为的移动，及物动词，后面必须接宾语raiseraisedraised(规则变化)rise：自主移动，不及物动词，无被动riseroserisen(1)You can see the sun _ in the

16、 east at this time if it is a fine day.A.to riseB.risingC.raisingD.to raise(2)Would you _ your voice a little so that everyone can hear you?A.riseB.putC.liftD.raise(3)太阳升起时，格列佛醒了。Gulliver _.5【知识点三知识点三】：】：tie(1)(v.)捆，绑(2)tietiedtiedtying(3)tie.to.把系在(4)tie sth.up 把某物捆起来(5)(n.)领带，带子，绳，练习，关系，缘分(1)他把马拴在

17、路旁的一棵树上。He _ his horse _ a tree by the road.4.It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.【知识点一知识点一】：】：over(1)(prep.)越过如：He jumped over the brook.The boy climbed over the wall.【知识点二知识点二】：】：until(1)用于肯定句时用于肯定句时，主句的动作一般是延续性延续性的，它所表示的动作一直持续到一直持续到 till 或 until 所表示的时间为止“直到直到”如

18、：They kept on working till/until it became completely dark.He did homework until 10 oclock.Tom watched TV until his father came back home.(2)用于否定句时用于否定句时，主句的动作一般是终止性的，它所表示的动作直到 till 或 until 所表示的时间才发生“直到直到才才”如：Yesterday afternoon I didnt go till/until I had finished my homework.His father didnt die u

19、ntil he came back.The rain did not stop until this morning.(3)简单概括：延续性动词用简单概括：延续性动词用 until，如果是短暂性动词，就必须用否定形式如果是短暂性动词，就必须用否定形式 not.untilnot until 和和 until 可以句型转换可以句型转换如：I stay in bed until lunch time.=I dont get up until lunch time.(1)It was a very long day for Jack.He didnt get home from school _ si

20、x oclock.A.sinceB.toC.byD.until(2)I didnt know anything about it _ my father told me.A.untilB.becauseC.ifD.after(3)When will the railway that connects the two cities open?_ next year.Only two thirds _ been built.A.Until;hasB.Until;haveC.Not until;hasD.Not until;have(4)昨晚我哥哥直到完成作业才从房间出来。Last night my

21、 brother _ _ out of his room _ he finished doing hishomework.6(5)火车开走后他才到达火车站。He _ the train station until the train had left.5.Soon more small men started climbing all over me.I shouted at them-the loud noise made them allfall over.However,they soon got up again and continued moving across my body.

22、【知识点一知识点一】：】：all over(1)到处，各处；不整齐，七零八落【知识点二知识点二】：】：shout at(1)shout at：(生气地或敌意地)对大喊大叫(2)shout to：大声叫某人，大声对某人说话(say to sb.very loudly)(3)shout for help：大声呼救【知识点三知识点三】：】：fall over(1)落在之上，脸朝下跌倒(2)fall behind 落后fall asleep 睡着fall down 倒塌【知识点四知识点四】：】：continue(1)(v.)继续(2)continue doing sth(3)continue to d

23、o sth(4)continue with sth(5)continue 的用法和 start to do sth、start doing sth 结构相似(6)go on doing sth：继续做某事go on to do sth：继续做另外一件事(l)The snow went on falling for the next three days.(三种同义句转换)It _ _ _ for the next three days,The snow _ falling for the next three daysIt _ _ for the next three days.(2)他长期坚

24、持写日记，直到去世。He _ he died.6.I did not know what to say either.I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break theropes.【知识点一知识点一】：】：too、also、either(1)too：用于肯定句，一般放于句尾句尾(2)either：用于疑问句或否定句，放在句末句末(3)also：用于肯定句，放于句中句中(助动词、情态动词、助动词、情态动词、be 动词之后，行为动词之前动词之后，行为动词之前)(1)If you go swimming tomorrow,I

25、will go _.If you dont,I wont_.A.also;tooB.too;eitherC.as well;tooD.too;as well(2)My parents havent seen the film and my sister hasnt _.A.tooB.alsoC.everD.either7【知识点二知识点二】：】：try(1)try to do：努力做；尽力做(2)try doing：尝试做某事【知识点三知识点三】：】：manage(1)(vt.)管理，经营如：He managed the company while his father was away il

26、l.(2)(v.)能应付，有办法处理manage to do 设法完成某事如：The little boy finally managed to tie his shoelaces together.(1)我终于想法子找到了一直要找的东西。I finally _ what I was looking for.7.I looked down and saw a huge army of tiny people.“I must run away from them,”I thought,but Idid not know how to get away.Could Gulliver communi

27、cate with the small men?【知识点一知识点一】：】：look(1)look up 向上看look around 环顾look out 小心look back 回顾look after 照看look into 调查；向里面看【知识点二知识点二】：】：an army of(1)一大群(2)后接名词复数(3)army：军队如：An army of workmen was brought in to build the stadium.(1)我们看到一大群人跑走了。We saw_.【知识点三知识点三】：】：communicate(1)(v.)交流(2)communicate wi

28、th sb.(3)(n.)communication(1)凯尔文经常通过电话与她交流。Kelvin often_ by telephone.【Grammar】A：Using question words+to-infinitives不定式可以和疑问代词疑问代词 who、what、which 及疑问副词及疑问副词 when、how、where 等连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等1.“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构有两种形式结构有两种形式(1)疑问词+to+动词原形I dont know what to say.(2)疑问词+名词+to+动词原形I dont know

29、which topic to choose.82.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词疑问代词 who、what、which 和疑问副词疑问副词 how、when、where 等。这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语，这种结构可在句子中作以下成分：(1)主语：Where to stay for the night is a problem.(2)宾语：We must know how to operate the machine.(3)表语：The question is which to choose.(4)同位语：The problem what to send her i

30、s unknown.3.“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”作宾语时，相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句作宾语时，相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句Excuse me,can you tell me how to get to the bookshop?(简单句)=Excuse rue,can you tell rue how I can get to the bookshop?(复合句)4.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构经常放在 tell、advise、ask、decide、discuss、find out、forget、know、learn、remember、say、show、teach、t

31、hink、understand、wonder 等动词或动词词组之后作宾语如：The teacher taught the students how to do the experiment.The young woman doesnt know what to do.【考点】【考点】1.同义句转换同义句转换Can you tell me how I can improve my English?=Can you tell me how to improve my English?2.动词后面是否加介词动词后面是否加介词I didnt decide what room to live.(错)I

32、didnt decide what room to live in.(对).I didnt decide where to live in.(错)I didnt decide where to live.(对)3.动词后面是否接宾语动词后面是否接宾语I dont know what to do it.(错)I dont know what to do.(对)【精选试题】【精选试题】(1)Im going on a field trip but I havent decided _.A.what to doB.to do whatC.where to goD.to go where(2)This

33、 physics problem is too difficult.Can you show me _,Wang Lin?Sure.A.what to work it outB.what to work out itC.how to work it outD.how to work out it9(3)Excuse me,would you please tell me _ buy a digital camera?A.what toB.where toC what I canD.where can I(4)She doesnt know _.A.when to doB.what to doC

34、.how to doD.where to do(5)The farmers didnt know how _ the vegetables _ the cold wind.A.protecting;fromB.to protect;fromC.protecting;inD.to protect;in(6)I really dont know _ about it.A.what to doB.how to doC.to do whatD.how can I do(7)Hi,Tom!Can you tell me when _ for London?Yes,tomorrow afternoon.A

35、.1eavingB.1eavesC.to leaveD.are you leaving(8)Mr Wu has recommended many books.Have you decided _ first?Yes.The Little Prince.A.How to readB.which to readC.when to readD.where to readB：Using must and have tohave to 和和 must 的区别：的区别：(1)have to 有人称、数、时态的变化，即 has to、had to；而 must 没有人称或数的变化(2)have to 强调客

36、观上“不得不做某事”；而 must 指主观上“必须做某事”如：We must study hard.He had to go on foot because there was something wrong with his car.【精选试题】【精选试题】(1)Im sorry _ go now.My father told me on the phone that my mother was ill.A.canB.mayC.have toD.think(2)Wheres my umbrella?Its fine today.You _ take an umbrella with you.

37、A.cantB.needntC.mustntD.shouldnt(3)Mike,you _ play with fire.You _ burn yourself.A.wont;cantB.mustnt;mayC.dont have to;mustD.have got to;shouldnt(4)Didnt you see the zebra crossing?You _ slow down,son!Sorry,sir.Am 1 going to fail the test.A.cantB.canC.mustntD.must1.Sandy is wondering where to ask fo

38、r help.【知识点一知识点一】：】：wonder(1)wonder+wh-to do：想知道如：I wonder who to rely on.10(2)wonder about(doing)sth.琢磨(做)某事如：I have been wondering about my future.(3)wonder+wh-从句(从句使用陈述句语序)想知道如：I wondered when he would come back.(4)(n.)奇观，奇迹如：The Great Wall is a wonder in China.2.Mr Wu advise us which to choose a

39、s after-school activities.【知识点一知识点一】：】：advise(1)(v.)建议(2)(n.)advice 不可数名词(3)advise doing sth.建议做某事(4)advise sb(not)to so sth.=advise sb against doing sth.建议某人不要做某事(5)advise sb+wh-to do 建议某人如：Please advise me what to do next.3.The students asked their teacher when to hand in their work.You can write

40、anything about yourbook what the book is about,what you think of it and so on.【知识点一知识点一】：】：hand in(1)上交，递交(2)代中结构(3)相关短语：hand out 把拿出来，分发，施舍hand down 把传下来hand over 交出，移交hands up 举手by hand 用手工(1)Boys and girls!Please _ your compositions after class.Oh,my God!I _ it at home.A.hand in;forgotB.hand in;l

41、eftC.hand out;forgotD.hand out;left(2)Please _ the paper Jimmy!But I havent checked it yet,Mr.Black.A.hand inB.take outC.look atD.go through(3)The teachers hope all of us can hand _ our homework _ time every day.A.up;inB.out;onC.on;inD.in;on(4)你的申请表务必准时上交。Your application form must _.【知识点二知识点二】：】：so

42、 on(1)诸如此类，等等4.Mr Wu has recommend so many interesting books.【知识点一知识点一】：】：recommend11(1)recommend sth.：推荐(2)recommend sth to sb.=recommend sb sth.推荐给某人(3)recommend sb.for.推荐某人做(4)recommend sb.as.推荐某人担任(5)(v.)劝告；建议recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事recommend doing sth.建议做某事5.You must keep quiet in the lib

43、rary.You must keep the books clean and tidy.You must return thebooks on time.【知识点一知识点一】：】：keep(1)keep+adj.(2)keep sb./sth.+adj.(3)keep doing(4)keep on doing/keep on to do【知识点二知识点二】：】：return(1)(v.)归还(2)return=giveback【知识点三知识点三】：】：on time(1)on time：准时(在规定时间内完成某个动作)如：The train arrives on time.(2)in tim

44、e：及时(指提前完成某个动作)如：If you run,you may be in time for the bus.(1)We are going to begin our meeting at 8:00.Please be here _.Dont be late.A.at timesB.in timeC.on timeD.from time to time(2)Jack,will you be home _ to see the children before they go to bed?No problem.A.on timeB.in timeC.at timesD.at the sa

45、me time(3)Please leave _ 6:00,then youll be able to get there_ time.A.till;inB.after;onC.behind;inD.before;on【Integrated skills】l.At first all the British publishing houses refused to publish it;So far;The first Harry Potter bookwas a a great success in the very beginning.【知识点一知识点一】：】：refuse(1)(v.)拒

46、绝(2)refuserefusedrefusing(3)refuse to do 拒绝做某事(4)注意：无 refuse sb.to do sth.这一结构可以表达为 refuse sb.sth.12(1)I offered Sandy a helping hand.However,she _ it.Maybe she can manage herself.A.receivedB.returnedC.refusedD.rewarded(2)我不知道她为什么拒绝接受汤姆的邀请。I dont know _ Toms invitation.【知识点二知识点二】：】：so far(1)到目前为止，迄今

47、为止(2)同义短语：up to now 或 until now(3)常用在现在完成时中【知识点三知识点三】：】：success(1)不可数名词成功，胜利，成就have success in.如：Did you have any success in persuading her to change her mind?(2)可数名词可数名词成功者，具体的成功事迹成功者，具体的成功事迹如：His new book was a great success.(3)succeed(v.)successful(adj.)successfully(adv.)(1)We have every reason t

48、o believe that _ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be_ success.A./;aB.the;/C.the.aD.a;a(2)There is no doubt that we will be _(success)if we put more effort into our study.(3)_ meeting held last night was _ great success.A.A;aB.A;/C.The;aD.The;/(4)_ great progress he has made!And its_ great success.A.W

49、hat a;/B.What;aC.How;aD.What;/(5)How about _ Christmas evening party?I should say it was _ success.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;/D.the;/(6)How about _ charity show?I should say it was _ success.A.the;aB.the;/C.a;aD.a;/2.How many books can I borrow at a time?How long can I keep the books?【知识点一知识点一】：】：at a time(1)

50、一次(2)同义短语：at times 有时，间或at the same time 同时all the time 始终，一直have no time for sth./to do sth 没时间做某事on time 准时，按时in time 及时13(1)Dont try to do everything at once.Take it a bit _.A.at timesB.at that timeC.at all timesD.at a time(2)熊猫妈妈一次只能生一两只小熊猫。Mother giant pandas _ _ one or two _ _ a _.【知识点二知识点二】：】